帧中继（FR交换机环境）配置

已于 2024-07-20 10:39:57 修改
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于 2024-07-12 16:47:36 首次发布
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/nanhai_happy/article/details/140380834
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1、学习目标

  • 掌握在存在Frame Relay交换机的情况下，配置FR路由器接口的方法
  • 掌握在Hub-and-spoke模式下，RIP的配置方法
  • 掌握在Hub-and-spoke模式下，OSPF的配置方法
  • 掌握OSPF在配置成Point-to-multipoint模式下的FR接口的配置方法

2、拓扑图和场景说明

在这里插入图片描述
场景：公司的总部有一台路由器R1，R2和R3分别是其他两个分部的路路由器。现在需要将总部和分部进行互联。广域网链路上使用帧中继方式进行网络互联，Hub-and-spoke模式。

3、基本配置与IP编址

3.1 配置地址等信息

在配置帧中继封装时，需要关闭Inarp功能，手动定义PVC的DLCI号码与IP地址的映射关系

  • R1 路由器配置
<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R1
[R1]interface Serial4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol fr
Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]
:y
Jul  9 2024 14:34:31-08:00 R1 %%01IFNET/4/CHANGE_ENCAP(l)[0]:The user performed 
the configuration that will change the encapsulation protocol of the link and th
en selected Y. 
[R1-Serial4/0/0]ip address 10.0.123.1 24
[R1-Serial4/0/0]undo fr inarp
[R1-Serial4/0/0]fr map ip 10.0.123.2 102 broadcast
[R1-Serial4/0/0]fr map ip 10.0.123.3 103 broadcast
[R1-Serial4/0/0]
[R1-Serial4/0/0]quit
[R1]interface LoopBack0
[R1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.1.1 24
[R1-LoopBack0]
  • R2 路由器配置
<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R2
[R2]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol fr
Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]
:y
Jul  9 2024 14:39:26-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/CHANGE_ENCAP(l)[0]:The user performed 
the configuration that will change the encapsulation protocol of the link and th
en selected Y. 
[R2-Serial4/0/0]ip address 10.0.123.2 24
[R2-Serial4/0/0]undo fr inarp
[R2-Serial4/0/0]fr map ip 10.0.123.1 201 broadcast
[R2-Serial4/0/0]quit
[R2]interface LoopBack0
[R2-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.2.2 24
[R2-LoopBack0]
  • R3 路由器配置
<Huawei>system-view 
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sysname R3
[R3]interface Serial4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]link-protocol fr
Warning: The encapsulation protocol of the link will be changed. Continue? [Y/N]
:y
Jul  9 2024 14:41:32-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/CHANGE_ENCAP(l)[0]:The user performed 
the configuration that will change the encapsulation protocol of the link and th
en selected Y. 
[R3-Serial4/0/0]
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ip address 10.0.123.3 24
[R3-Serial4/0/0]undo fr inarp
[R3-Serial4/0/0]fr map ip 10.0.123.1 301 broadcast
[R3-Serial4/0/0]quit
[R3]interface LoopBack0
[R3-LoopBack0]ip address 10.0.3.3 24
[R3-LoopBack0]

3.2、测试网络的连通性

<R1>ping 10.0.123.2
  PING 10.0.123.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.123.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/24/30 ms

<R1>ping 10.0.123.3
  PING 10.0.123.3: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.3: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=10 ms

  --- 10.0.123.3 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/18/20 ms

<R1>

3.3、查看R1接口帧中继封装信息

[R1]display fr interface Serial 4/0/0
Serial4/0/0, DTE, physical up, protocol up
[R1]display fr map-info interface Serial 4/0/0
Map Statistics for interface Serial4/0/0 (DTE)
  DLCI = 102, IP 10.0.123.2, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:34:59, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 1, broadcast
  DLCI = 103, IP 10.0.123.3, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:35:12, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 2, broadcast
[R1]

4、帧中继交换机配置

在这里插入图片描述

5、配置R1、R2和R3之间运行RIPv2

5.1、配置RIP协议，使用Version 2，所有网段都在RIP区域。

默认配置，不定义静态邻居。另外需要关闭自动汇总。同时需要注意的是，由于帧中继网络的特殊性，默认情况下，帧中继接口RIP的水平分割功能被关闭。实验中，不对水平分割进行修改。

[R1]rip 1
[R1-rip-1]version 2
[R1-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
[R1-rip-1]undo summary
[R1-rip-1]

[R2]rip 1
[R2-rip-1]version 2
[R2-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
[R2-rip-1]undo summary
[R2-rip-1]

[R3]rip 1
[R3-rip-1]version 2
[R3-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
[R3-rip-1]undo summary
[R3-rip-1]

5.2、在R1、R2、R3上分别查看路由表，确认路由信息学习的结果

[R1]display ip routing-table protocol rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : RIP
         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2        

RIP routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.2.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.3.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0

RIP routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

[R1]


[R2]display ip routing-table protocol rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : RIP
         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2        

RIP routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.3.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0

RIP routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

[R2]


[R3]display ip routing-table protocol rip
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public routing table : RIP
         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2        

RIP routing table status : <Active>
         Destinations : 2        Routes : 2

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.2.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0

RIP routing table status : <Inactive>
         Destinations : 0        Routes : 0

[R3]

5.3、在R3上连通性测试

[R3]ping 10.0.1.1
  PING 10.0.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.1.1 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/26/30 ms

[R3]ping 10.0.2.2
  PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out
    Request time out

  --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    0 packet(s) received
    100.00% packet loss

[R3]

5.4、确定R3不能与R2通讯的原因

5.4.1、观察R3路由表，查看是否有达到10.0.2.2地址的路由（有路由）

[R3]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 13       Routes : 13       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0

       10.0.2.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0

       10.0.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.3.3        LoopBack0
       10.0.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.123.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
   10.0.123.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R3]

5.4.2、查看该路由下一跳是哪个IP地址，该地址R3是否可达，是否存在对应的三层IP地址和二层PVC的对应关系（可达，存在对应关系）

[R3]display fr map-info interface Serial 4/0/0
Map Statistics for interface Serial4/0/0 (DTE)
  DLCI = 301, IP 10.0.123.1, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:41:56, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 1, broadcast
[R3]

5.4.3、查看沿路设备，是否有可达10.0.2.2地址的路由以及路由的下一跳是否可达，是否存在三层IP地址和二层PVC的对应关系（可达，存在对应关系）

[R1]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.1.1        LoopBack0
       10.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
       10.0.2.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.3.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0
   10.0.123.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]


[R1]display fr map-info interface Serial 4/0/0
Map Statistics for interface Serial4/0/0 (DTE)
  DLCI = 102, IP 10.0.123.2, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:34:59, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 1, broadcast
  DLCI = 103, IP 10.0.123.3, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:35:12, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 2, broadcast
[R1]

5.4.4、查看目标设备，是否有达到回应的数据包目标地址的路由，以及下一跳是否可达（不可达，回应数据包的目标地址是10.0.123.3，R2上存在达到该地址的路由，但是不存在对应的三层IP地址和二层PVC的对应关系）

[R2]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 13       Routes : 13       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.0/24  RIP     100  1           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.2.2        LoopBack0
       10.0.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.2.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
       10.0.3.0/24  RIP     100  2           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
   10.0.123.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R2]display fr map-info interface Serial 4/0/0
Map Statistics for interface Serial4/0/0 (DTE)
  DLCI = 201, IP 10.0.123.1, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:39:53, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 1, broadcast
[R2]

故障定位在R2和R3的帧中继接口之间缺少虚电路。

6、调整网络参数，实现R2和R3的连通性

6.1、配置IP地址和PVC的对应关系，使R2和R3帧中继接口之间的通讯通过R1来实现。

[R2]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]fr map ip 10.0.123.3 201 broadcast
[R2-Serial4/0/0]

[R3]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]fr map ip 10.0.123.2 301 broadcast
[R3-Serial4/0/0]

6.2、完成后查看R2和R3上IP和PVC的映射关系表，并测试网络连通性

[R3]display fr map-info interface Serial 4/0/0
Map Statistics for interface Serial4/0/0 (DTE)
  DLCI = 301, IP 10.0.123.1, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/09 14:41:56, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 1, broadcast
  DLCI = 301, IP 10.0.123.2, Serial4/0/0
    create time = 2024/07/10 09:02:51, status = ACTIVE
    encapsulation = ietf, vlink = 2, broadcast
[R3]ping 10.0.2.2
  PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 20/28/30 ms

[R3]

7、配置R1与R2之间的运行OSPF

7.1、删除RIP的配置，删除R2和R3在步骤三建立的IP与PVC的映射关系

[R1]undo rip 1
Warning: The RIP process will be deleted. Continue?[Y/N]y
[R1]


[R2]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]undo fr map ip 10.0.123.3 201
[R2-Serial4/0/0]quit
[R2]undo rip 1
Warning: The RIP process will be deleted. Continue?[Y/N]y
[R2]

[R3]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]undo fr map ip 10.0.123.2 301
[R3-Serial4/0/0]quit
[R3]undo rip 1
Warning: The RIP process will be deleted. Continue?[Y/N]y
[R3]

7.2、在R1、R2和R3上配置单区域OSPF

[R1]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.1.1
[R1-ospf-1]area 0
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
[R1-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

[R2]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.2.2
[R2-ospf-1]area 0
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
[R2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

[R3]ospf 1 router-id 10.0.3.3
[R3-ospf-1]area 0
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 10.0.0.0 0.255.255.255
[R3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]

7.3、基本配置完成后，OSPF无法建立邻居关系，原因是OSPF认为帧中继网络默认认为是NBMA网络，不支持广播，不自动发现邻居

[R3]display ospf interface Serial 4/0/0 verbose

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.3.3
		 Interfaces 


 Interface: 10.0.123.3 (Serial4/0/0)
 Cost: 48      State: DR        Type: NBMA      MTU: 1500  
 Priority: 1
 Designated Router: 10.0.123.3
 Backup Designated Router: 0.0.0.0
 Timers: Hello 30 , Dead 120 , Poll  120 , Retransmit 5 , Transmit Delay 1 
  IO Statistics
             Type        Input     Output
            Hello            0          0
   DB Description            0          0
   Link-State Req            0          0
Link-State Update            0          0
   Link-State Ack            0          0
 OpaqueId: 0   PrevState: Waiting
 Effective cost: 48, enabled by OSPF Protocol
[R3]

对于帧中继网络上运行OSPF，有多种解决方法，本次实验中介绍将接口的OSPF网络类型定义为Point-to-multipoint的方法来实现。

8、配置接口的OSPF网络类型为Point-to-multipoint

8.1、配置接口的OSPF网络类型为point-to-multipoint

[R1]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R1-Serial4/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[R1-Serial4/0/0]

[R2]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R2-Serial4/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[R2-Serial4/0/0]

[R3]interface Serial 4/0/0
[R3-Serial4/0/0]ospf network-type p2mp
[R3-Serial4/0/0]

8.2、配置完成后，稍等片刻，待邻居关系建立。查看邻居关系及路由信息

  • 查看R1路由器
[R1]display ospf peer brief

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.1.1
		  Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          Serial4/0/0                      10.0.2.2         Full        
 0.0.0.0          Serial4/0/0                      10.0.3.3         Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[R1]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.1.1        LoopBack0
       10.0.1.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.1.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
       10.0.2.2/32  OSPF    10   48          D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.3.3/32  OSPF    10   48          D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0
   10.0.123.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R1]
  • 查看R2路由器
[R2]display ospf peer brief

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.2.2
		  Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          Serial4/0/0                      10.0.1.1         Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[R2]display ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.1/32  OSPF    10   48          D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.2.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.2.2        LoopBack0
       10.0.2.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.2.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
       10.0.3.3/32  OSPF    10   96          D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.2      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.2/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.3/32  OSPF    10   96          D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
   10.0.123.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R2]
  • 查看R3路由器
[R3]display ospf peer brief

	 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 10.0.3.3
		  Peer Statistic Information
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Area Id          Interface                        Neighbor id      State    
 0.0.0.0          Serial4/0/0                      10.0.1.1         Full        
 ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[R3]display ip routing-table 
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
         Destinations : 14       Routes : 14       

Destination/Mask    Proto   Pre  Cost      Flags NextHop         Interface

       10.0.1.1/32  OSPF    10   48          D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.2.2/32  OSPF    10   96          D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
       10.0.3.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.3.3        LoopBack0
       10.0.3.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.3.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       LoopBack0
     10.0.123.0/24  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.3      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.2/32  OSPF    10   96          D   10.0.123.1      Serial4/0/0
     10.0.123.3/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
   10.0.123.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       Serial4/0/0
      127.0.0.0/8   Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
      127.0.0.1/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
127.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0
255.255.255.255/32  Direct  0    0           D   127.0.0.1       InLoopBack0

[R3]

8.3、在R3上测试网络连通性

[R3]ping 10.0.1.1
  PING 10.0.1.1: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=255 time=40 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=255 time=20 ms
    Reply from 10.0.1.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=255 time=10 ms

  --- 10.0.1.1 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 10/22/40 ms

[R3]ping 10.0.2.2
  PING 10.0.2.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.2.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.2.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 30/32/40 ms

[R3]ping 10.0.123.2
  PING 10.0.123.2: 56  data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=40 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=30 ms
    Reply from 10.0.123.2: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=30 ms

  --- 10.0.123.2 ping statistics ---
    5 packet(s) transmitted
    5 packet(s) received
    0.00% packet loss
    round-trip min/avg/max = 30/32/40 ms

[R3]

9、参考文献

《HCDA中文实验手册》
https://developer.aliyun.com/article/604826
https://blog.csdn.net/csdn_763871244/article/details/105642103
https://www.cnblogs.com/gd-hn-mzh/p/16796671.html
https://blog.csdn.net/annita2019/article/details/109207053

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