Tkinter介绍
Tkinter是一个python模块，是一个调用Tcl/Tk的接口，它是一个跨平台的脚本图形界面接口。Tkinter不是唯一的python图形编程接口，但是是其中比较流行的一个。最大的特点是跨平台，缺点是***能不太好，执行速度慢。
【Example 1】
>>> import Tkinter >>> top = Tkinter.Tk() >>> label = Tkinter.Label(top,text='Hello World') >>> label.pack() >>> Tkinter.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 2】
1.
>>> from Tkinter import * >>> root = Tk() >>> e1 = Entry() >>> e1.pack(padx=10,pady=10,fill=X) >>> b1 = Button(text = 'take a press') >>> b1.place(x=10,y=80)
打印结果：
2.在Text中创建按钮
# -*- coding: cp936 -*-
# 使用tag的内置属***来插入文本
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
t = Text(root)
# 创建一个TAG，其前景色为蓝色
for i in range(10):
t.insert(1.0,'0123456789 ')
def printtext():
print 'take a press'
bt = Button(t,text='button',command = printtext)
t.window_create('2.0',window=bt)
#bt.place(x=10,y=80)
t.pack()
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
3.绑定tag与事件
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
t = Text(root)
for i in range(10):
t.insert(1.0,'0123456789 ')
def entertag(event):
print 'Event event'
t.tag_config('a',foreground = 'blue',underline = 1)
t.tag_bind('a','<Enter>',entertag)
t.insert(2.0,'Enter event','a')
t.pack()
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
4.在窗口中放置一些小控件
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title("my test")
def button1():
listbox.insert(END,"button1 pressed")
def button3():
text_contents = text.get()
listbox.insert(END,text_contents)
text.delete(0,END)
button1 = Button(root,text='button1',command=button1)
button2 = Button(root,text='button2')
button3 = Button(root,text='button3',command=button3)
text = Entry(root)
scrollbar = Scrollbar(root,orient=VERTICAL)
listbox = Listbox(root,yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
scrollbar.configure(command=listbox.yview)
button1.pack(side=LEFT)
button2.pack(side=LEFT)
button3.pack(side=RIGHT)
listbox.pack()
scrollbar.pack()
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
http://www.360doc.com/content/12/0922/02/3234041_237501221.shtml
【Example 3】
from Tkinter import *
#resize函数是用来改变文字大小的，当进度条改变时调用
def resize(ev=None):
label.config(font = 'Helvetica -%d bold' % scale.get())
#config函数就是通过设置组件的参数来改变组件的，这里改变的是font字体大小
top = Tk() #主窗口
top.geometry('600x400') #设置了主窗口的初始大小600x400
label = Label(top,text='very good!',fg='blue',font='Helvetica -12 bold') #设置标签字体的初始大小
label.pack(fill=Y,expand=1)
#scale创建进度条，设置
scale = Scale(top,from_=10,to=40,orient=HORIZONTAL,command=resize)
scale.set(12) #设置起始位置
scale.pack(fill=X,expand=1)
quit = Button(top,text='QUIT',command=top.quit,activeforeground='white',
activebackground='red')
quit.pack()
mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 4】下面，使用类来对子控件的创建进行封装
from Tkinter import * # 将子控件打包在App类，并绑定到相同的成员方法 class App: def __init__(self,master): frame = Frame(master) frame.pack() self.button = Button(frame,text="QUIT",fg='red', command=frame.quit) self.button.pack(side=LEFT) self.hi_there = Button(frame,text='hello',command=self.say_hi) self.hi_there.pack(side=LEFT) def say_hi(self): print "hi there,everyone!" root = Tk() app = App(root) root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 5】Tkinter-Control variables
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_ac9fdc0b0101n5iz.html
from Tkinter import *
def func(value):
if value.get() == 'kikc':
value.set('prada')
else:
value.set('kikc')
win = Frame(None,width=200,height=200)
win.pack_propagate(0)
win.pack()
value = StringVar()
widget = Button(win,textvariable=value,command=(lambda:func(value)))
widget.pack()
value.set('nba')
win.mainloop()
【Example 6】Tkinter-Text(1)
http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_ac9fdc0b0101n5ue.html
from Tkinter import *
def show(self,message):
outputwidget = self.client.outputWidget
pattern = re.compile(r'^<.+>.*')
if pattern.match(message):
outputwidget.insert('end',message)
outputwidget.see('end')
else:
#set the system message to be 'red'
begin = outputwidget.index('insert')
outputwidget.see('end')
end = outputwidget.index('insert')
outputwidget.tag_add('systemMessage',begin,end)
outputwidget.tag_config('systemMessage',foreground='red')
【Example 7】Tkinter-Text(2)
from Tkinter import * root = Tk() t = Text(root) for i in range(1,10): t.insert(1.0,'0123456789\n') def inserttext(): t.insert(INSERT,'jcodeer') def currenttext(): t.insert(CURRENT,'jcodeer') def endtext(): t.insert(END,'jcodeer') def selfirsttext(): t.insert(SEL_FIRST,'jcodeer') def sellasttext(): t.insert(SEL_LAST,'jcodeer') Button(root,text='insert jcodeer at INSERT',command = inserttext).pack(fill = X) Button(root,text='insert jcodeer at current',command = currenttext).pack(fill = X) Button(root,text='insert jcodeer at END',command = endtext).pack(fill = X) Button(root,text='insert jcodeer at SEL_FIRST',command = selfirsttext).pack(fill = X) Button(root,text='insert jcodeer at SEL_LAST',command = sellasttext).pack(fill = X) t.pack() root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 7】Tkinter-Canvas(2)
http://blog.csdn.net/jcodeer/article/details/1811888
# -*- coding: cp936 -*-
# 使用find_xxx查找上一个或下一个item
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
# 创建一个Canvas，设置其背景色为白色
cv = Canvas(root,bg = 'white')
# 创建三个rectangle
rt1 = cv.create_rectangle(
10,10,110,110,
tags = ('r1','r2','r3'))
rt2 = cv.create_rectangle(
20,20,80,80,
tags = ('s1','s2','s3'))
rt3 = cv.create_rectangle(
30,30,70,70,
tags = ('y1','y2','y3'))
# 查找rt2的上一个item,并将其边框颜色设置为红色
cv.itemconfig(cv.find_above(rt2),outline = 'red')
# 查找rt2的下一个item,并将其边框颜色设置为绿色
cv.itemconfig(cv.find_below(rt2),outline = 'green')
cv.pack()
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 8】
1.Tkinter-Menu添加下拉菜单
from Tkinter import * root = Tk() def hello(): print 'hello menu' menubar = Menu(root) filemenu = Menu(menubar,tearoff = 0) for item in ['Python','PHP','CPP','C','Java','JavaScript','VBScript']: filemenu.add_commad(label = item,command = hello) #将menubar的menu属***指定为filemenu，即filemenu为menubar的下拉菜单 menubar.add_cascade(label = 'Language',menu = filemenu) root['menu'] = menubar root.mainloop()
打印结果：
2.向下拉菜单中添加Checkbutton项
# -*- coding: cp936 -*-
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
#每次打印出各个变量的当前值
def printItem():
print 'Python = ',vPython.get()
print 'PHP = ',vPHP.get()
print 'CPP = ',vCPP.get()
print 'C = ',vC.get()
print 'Java = ',vJava.get()
print 'JavaScript = ',vJavaScript.get()
print 'VBScript = ',vVBScript.get()
menubar = Menu(root)
vPython = StringVar()
vPHP = StringVar()
vCPP = StringVar()
vC = StringVar()
vJava = StringVar()
vJavaScript = StringVar()
vVBScript = StringVar()
filemenu = Menu(menubar,tearoff = 0)
for k,v in {'Python':vPython,
'PHP':vPHP,
'CPP':vCPP,
'C':vC,
'Java':vJava,
'JavaScript':vJavaScript,
'VBScript':vVBScript}.items():
#绑定变量与回调函数
filemenu.add_checkbutton(label = k,command = printItem,variable = v)
#将menubar的menu属***指定为filemenu，即filemenu为menubar的下拉菜单
menubar.add_cascade(label = 'Language',menu = filemenu)
root['menu'] = menubar
root.mainloop()
#程序运行，使用了Checkbutton，并通过printItem将每个Checkbutton在当前值打印出来。
打印结果：
【Example 9】Tkinter-公司网站做成menu
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Tkinter import *
#from Tkinter.messagebox import *
#from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkMessageBox import *
from tkFileDialog import *
from tkColorChooser import *
import webbrowser as web
def get_tk():
'''获取一个Tk对象'''
return Tk()
def set_tk_title(tk,title):
if title is not None and title != '':
tk.title(title)
else:
tk.title('Hongten v1.0')
def set_tk_geometry(tk,size):
if size is not None and size != '':
tk.geometry(size)
else:
tk.geometry('670x600')
def get_menu(tk):
return Menu(tk)
def url1():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url2():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url3():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url4():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url5():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url6():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url7():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url8():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url9():
web.open_new_tab('')
def url10():
web.open_new_tab('')
def url11():
web.open_new_tab('https://')
def url12():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url13():
web.open_new_tab('https://')
def url14():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url15():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def popup(event):
menubar.post(event.x_root,event.y_root)
def test():
ask = askokcancel('askokcancel messagebox','你确定要这样做吗？')
if ask:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：确定')
else:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：取消')
def test2():
ask = askquestion('Are you sure?', '你很喜欢那个女孩吗?')
if 'yes' == ask:
#to do something
print('是的，我很喜欢')
elif 'no' == ask:
#to do something
print('不是这样的，我不喜欢她')
def test3():
'''打开文件'''
#('All files', '*')
openfilename = askopenfilename(filetypes=[('xml', '*.xml')])
try:
with open(openfilename, 'r') as fp:
for line in fp:
print(line)
fp.close()
except:
print('Could not open File:%s'%openfilename)
def test4():
'''颜色面板选择器'''
color = askcolor(title='颜色面板')
print color
def menu_url(menubar):
'''定义菜单File'''
filemenu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
filemenu.add_command(label='会员网',command=url1)
filemenu.add_command(label='现金网',command=url2)
filemenu.add_command(label='ams',command=url3)
filemenu.add_command(label='lotto',command=url5)
filemenu.add_command(label='bbs',command=url14)
filemenu.add_command(label='公司邮箱',command=url4)
filemenu.add_command(label='智世代',command=url6)
menubar.add_cascade(label='Z-time',menu=filemenu)
filemenu.insert_separator(6)
def menu_bak(menubar):
bak_menu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
bak_menu.add_command(label='ex防御点',command=url7)
bak_menu.add_command(label='tms防御点',command=url8)
bak_menu.add_command(label='ams防御点',command=url15)
menubar.add_cascade(label='防御点',menu=bak_menu)
def menu_domain(menubar):
domain_menu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
domain_menu.add_command(label='godaddy',command=url9)
domain_menu.add_command(label='dnspod',command=url11)
domain_menu.add_command(label='hostingspeed',command=url12)
domain_menu.add_command(label='新网',command=url10)
domain_menu.add_command(label='邮箱管理',command=url13)
menubar.add_cascade(label='域名管理',menu=domain_menu)
domain_menu.insert_separator(5)
def init_menu_bar(menubar):
menu_url(menubar)
menu_bak(menubar)
menu_domain(menubar)
root = get_tk()
set_tk_geometry(root, '')
set_tk_title(root, 'Z-time运维小工具')
menubar = get_menu(root)
root.bind('<Button-3>',popup)
init_menu_bar(menubar)
root['menu'] = menubar
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 10】Tkinter-公司网站做成menu（2）
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from Tkinter import *
#from Tkinter.messagebox import *
#from tkinter.filedialog import *
from tkMessageBox import *
from tkFileDialog import *
from tkColorChooser import *
import webbrowser as web
import tkMessageBox
def get_tk():
'''获取一个Tk对象'''
return Tk()
def set_tk_title(tk,title):
if title is not None and title != '':
tk.title(title)
else:
tk.title('Hongten v1.0')
def set_tk_geometry(tk,size):
if size is not None and size != '':
tk.geometry(size)
else:
tk.geometry('670x600')
def get_menu(tk):
return Menu(tk)
class TextViewer(Toplevel):
"""A simple text viewer dialog for IDLE
"""
def __init__(self, parent, title, text, modal=True):
"""Show the given text in a scrollable window with a 'close' button
"""
Toplevel.__init__(self, parent)
self.configure(borderwidth=5)
self.geometry("=%dx%d+%d+%d" % (625, 500,
parent.winfo_rootx() + 10,
parent.winfo_rooty() + 10))
#elguavas - config placeholders til config stuff completed
self.bg = '#ffffff'
self.fg = '#000000'
self.CreateWidgets()
self.title(title)
self.parent = parent
self.textView.insert(0.0, text)
if modal:
self.transient(parent)
self.grab_set()
self.wait_window()
def CreateWidgets(self):
frameText = Frame(self, relief=SUNKEN, height=700)
frameButtons = Frame(self)
self.buttonOk = Button(frameButtons, text='Close',
command=self.Ok, takefocus=FALSE)
self.scrollbarView = Scrollbar(frameText, orient=VERTICAL,
takefocus=FALSE, highlightthickness=0)
self.textView = Text(frameText, wrap=WORD, highlightthickness=0,
fg=self.fg, bg=self.bg)
self.scrollbarView.config(command=self.textView.yview)
self.textView.config(yscrollcommand=self.scrollbarView.set)
self.buttonOk.pack()
self.scrollbarView.pack(side=RIGHT,fill=Y)
self.textView.pack(side=LEFT,expand=TRUE,fill=BOTH)
frameButtons.pack(side=BOTTOM,fill=X)
frameText.pack(side=TOP,expand=TRUE,fill=BOTH)
def Ok(self, event=None):
self.destroy()
def view_text(parent, title, text, modal=True):
return TextViewer(parent, title, text, modal)
def other():
filename = './jack.txt'
text = file(filename, u'r').read()
btn1 = Button(get_tk(), text='Z-time所有域名',
command=lambda:view_text(root, 'view_text', text))
btn1.pack()
def showinfo():
tkMessageBox.showinfo(root,u'作者 zxcbvbbbbb \n\nversion 1.0 \n\nThank you ')
def url1():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url2():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url3():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url4():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url5():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url6():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url7():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url8():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url9():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url10():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url11():
web.open_new_tab('https://')
def url12():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url13():
web.open_new_tab('https://')
def url14():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def url15():
web.open_new_tab('http://')
def popup(event):
menubar.post(event.x_root,event.y_root)
def test():
ask = askokcancel('请继续上班','你确定要这样做吗？')
if ask:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：确定')
else:
# to do something
print('你选择的是：取消')
def test2():
ask = askquestion('Are you sure?', '你很喜欢那个女孩吗?')
if 'yes' == ask:
#to do something
print('是的，我很喜欢')
elif 'no' == ask:
#to do something
print('不是这样的，我不喜欢她')
def test3():
'''打开文件'''
#('All files', '*')
openfilename = askopenfilename(filetypes=[('xml', '*.xml')])
try:
with open(openfilename, 'r') as fp:
for line in fp:
print(line)
fp.close()
except:
print('Could not open File:%s'%openfilename)
def test4():
'''颜色面板选择器'''
color = askcolor(title='颜色面板')
print color
def menu_url(menubar):
'''定义菜单File'''
filemenu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
filemenu.add_command(label='会员网',command=url1)
filemenu.add_command(label='现金网',command=url2)
filemenu.add_command(label='ams',command=url3)
filemenu.add_command(label='lotto',command=url5)
filemenu.add_command(label='bbs',command=url14)
filemenu.add_command(label='公司邮箱',command=url4)
filemenu.add_command(label='公司',command=url6)
menubar.add_cascade(label='time',menu=filemenu)
filemenu.insert_separator(6)
def menu_bak(menubar):
bak_menu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
bak_menu.add_command(label='ex防御点',command=url7)
bak_menu.add_command(label='tms防御点',command=url8)
bak_menu.add_command(label='ams防御点',command=url15)
menubar.add_cascade(label='防御点',menu=bak_menu)
def menu_domain(menubar):
domain_menu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
domain_menu.add_command(label='godaddy',command=url9)
domain_menu.add_command(label='dnspod',command=url11)
domain_menu.add_command(label='hostingspeed',command=url12)
domain_menu.add_command(label='新网',command=url10)
domain_menu.add_command(label='邮箱管理',command=url13)
menubar.add_cascade(label='域名管理',menu=domain_menu)
domain_menu.insert_separator(5)
def menu_other(menubar):
other_menu=Menu(menubar,tearoff=1)
other_menu.add_command(label='在用的域名',command=other)
other_menu.add_command(label='下班',command=test)
other_menu.add_command(label='关于工具',command=showinfo)
menubar.add_cascade(label='其他',menu=other_menu)
def init_menu_bar(menubar):
menu_url(menubar)
menu_bak(menubar)
menu_domain(menubar)
menu_other(menubar)
root = get_tk()
#close = Button(root,text='Close',command = root.destroy)
#close.pack(side=BOTTOM)
#filename = 'D:\jack.txt'
#text = file(filename, u'r').read()
#btn1 = Button(root, text='域名使用情况',
# command=lambda:view_text(root, 'view_text', text))
#btn1.pack()
set_tk_geometry(root, '')
set_tk_title(root, 'Z-time运维小工具')
menubar = get_menu(root)
root.bind('<Button-3>',popup)
init_menu_bar(menubar)
root['menu'] = menubar
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 10】Tkinter-optionmenu
# -*- coding: cp936 -*-
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
v = StringVar(root)
v.set('Python')
om = OptionMenu(root,v,'Python','PHP','CPP','C','Java','JavaScript','VBScript')
om.pack()
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 10】Tkinter-Listbox与Scrollbar绑定
# -*- coding: cp936 -*- from Tkinter import * root = Tk() lb = Listbox(root) s1 = Scrollbar(root) s1.pack(side = RIGHT,fill = Y) lb['yscrollcommand']=s1.set for i in range(100): lb.insert(END,str(i)) lb.pack(side=LEFT) s1['command'] = lb.yview root.mainloop()
或者
from Tkinter import * root = Tk() #sl = Scrollbar(root) #lb = Listbox(root) scrollbar = Scrollbar(root,orient=VERTICAL) listbox = Listbox(root,yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set) for i in range(100): listbox.insert(END,i) scrollbar.configure(command=listbox.yview) listbox.pack(side = LEFT) scrollbar.pack(side = RIGHT,fill=Y) root.mainloop()
打印结果：
【Example 10】Tkinter-安置窗口小部件
from Tkinter import *
root = Tk()
root.title("my test")
def button1():
listbox.insert(END,"button1 pressed")
def button3():
text_contents = text.get()
listbox.insert(END,text_contents)
text.delete(0,END)
textframe = Frame(root)
listframe = Frame(root)
button1 = Button(textframe,text='button1',command=button1)
button2 = Button(textframe,text='button2')
button3 = Button(textframe,text='button3',command=button3)
text = Entry(textframe)
scrollbar = Scrollbar(listframe,orient=VERTICAL)
listbox = Listbox(listframe,yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
scrollbar.configure(command=listbox.yview)
text.pack(side=LEFT,fill=BOTH,expand=1)
button1.pack(side=LEFT,expand=0)
button2.pack(side=LEFT)
button3.pack(side=LEFT)
listbox.pack(side=LEFT,fill=BOTH,expand=1)
scrollbar.pack(side=RIGHT,fill=Y)
textframe.pack(fill=X)
listframe.pack(fill=BOTH,expand=1)
root.mainloop()
打印结果：
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/dragonball/1421301
扫一扫
355
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
