GridView导出到Excel或Word文件

        在项目中我们经常会遇到要求将一些数据导出成Excel或者Word表格的情况，比如中国移动（我是中国移动用户）网上查话费的页面中就有一个导出到Excel的功能，光大网上银行查看历史明细也有这些功能....，原本以为这个问题不难的，不过看到网上经常有朋友问，于是我整理了一下，供大家参考。

        前台页面：

< %@ Page Language ="C#" AutoEventWireup ="true" CodeFile ="ExportDemo.aspx.cs" Inherits ="ExportDemo" % >

< !DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd" >

< html xmlns ="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
< head runat ="server" >
         < title >GridView导出到Excel或Word文件——周公的博客：http://blog.csdn.net </title>
</head>
< body >
         < form id ="form1" runat ="server" >
         < div >
                 < asp:GridView ID ="gvPersonList" runat ="server" AutoGenerateColumns ="False" >
                         < Columns >
                                 < asp:BoundField DataField ="Id" HeaderText ="编号" />
                                 < asp:BoundField DataField ="Name" HeaderText ="姓名" />
                                 < asp:TemplateField HeaderText ="性别" >
                                         < ItemTemplate >
                                                 < %# Eval("Sex").ToString()= ="true"?"男":"女" % >
                                         </ItemTemplate>
                                 </asp:TemplateField>
                                 < asp:BoundField DataField ="Age" HeaderText ="年龄" />
                                 < asp:TemplateField HeaderText ="婚否" >
                                         < ItemTemplate >
                                                 < %# Boolean.Parse(Eval("Married").ToString())==true?"是":"否" % >
                                         </ItemTemplate>
                                 </asp:TemplateField>
                         </Columns>
                 </asp:GridView>
                 < asp:Button ID ="btnToExcel" runat ="server" OnClick ="btnToExcel_Click" Text ="导出到Excel" />
                 < asp:Button ID ="btnToWord" runat ="server" OnClick ="btnToWord_Click" Text ="导出到Word" />
         </div>
         </form>
</body>
</html>

后台代码：

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;

/// <summary>
/// 程序说明：这是一个GridView导出成Excel或者Word文件的实例。为了演示，我采用了自动生成DataTable，然后绑定。
/// 同时为了初学者查看代码方便，关键处我都做了注释。
/// 对程序说明，在asp.net 1.1中由于对控件呈现不是很严格，所以无需override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法
/// 但在asp.net2.0中，控件的校验严格了，RenderControl代码只有走正常流程在render方法中它自己调用才能成功，
/// 在你自己写的事件方法中调用就会出现这个错误。这个错误信息有点误导，你明明写在服务器控件Form内，它照样会这样提醒你，
/// 实际上是asp.net2.0设置了内部变量控制RenderControl不允许在Render方法之外被轻易调用。如果不override VerifyRenderingInServerForm
/// 就会报错。我们override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法，里面不写任何代码即可
/// 作者：周公
/// 日期：2008-5-16
/// 网址：http://blog.csdn.net/zhoufoxcn
/// </summary>
public partial class ExportDemo : System.Web.UI.Page
{
         private string firstName = "赵钱孙李周吴郑王冯陈诸卫蒋沈韩杨朱秦尤许何吕施张孔曹严华";
         private string lastName = "猛勇刚强豹彪雁燕蓉菲";
void Page_Load() void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
                 if (!Page.IsPostBack)
                {
                        BindGridView();
                }
        }

void BindGridView() void BindGridView()
        {
                DataTable myData = CreateDataTable();
                Session[ "MyData"] = myData;
                gvPersonList.DataSource = myData;
                gvPersonList.DataBind();
        }
        //手动生成DataTable
DataTable CreateDataTable() DataTable CreateDataTable()
        {
                DataTable data = new DataTable();
                DataColumn dcId = new DataColumn( "ID", typeof(Int32));
                //设置ID列自动递增
                dcId.AutoIncrement = true;
                //设置ID列初始值为1
                dcId.AutoIncrementSeed = 1;
                //设置ID列递增步长为1
                dcId.AutoIncrementStep = 1;
                //将ID列添加到DataTable中
                data.Columns.Add(dcId);
                data.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( "Name", typeof( string)));
                data.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( "Age", typeof(int)));
                data.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( "Sex", typeof(bool)));
                data.Columns.Add( new DataColumn( "Married", typeof(bool)));
                DataRow dataRow = null;
                Random random = new Random();
                //随机生成20条记录
                 for (int i = 0; i < 20; i++)
                {
                        dataRow = data.NewRow();
                        //随机生成姓名
                        dataRow[ "Name"] = firstName.Substring(random. Next(firstName.Length), 1) + lastName.Substring(random. Next(lastName.Length), 1);
                        //随即生成介于20至100之间的年龄
                        int age = random. Next(20, 100);
                        dataRow[ "Age"] = age;
                        //随即设置性别
                        bool sex = (random. Next(100) % 2 == 0) ? true : false;
                        dataRow[ "Sex"] = sex;
                         if (((sex == true) && (age >= 22)) || ((sex == false) && (age >= 20)))//男性结婚年龄大于22周岁，女性结婚年龄大于20周岁
                        {
                                dataRow[ "Married"] = (random. Next(500) % 2 == 0) ? true : false;
                        }
                         else
                        {
                                dataRow[ "Married"] = false;
                        }
                        data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
                }
                return data;
        }
        //override掉这个方法
override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm() override void VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)
        {
                //注释掉下面的代码，否则在asp.net2.0下会报错（注：GridView是asp.net 2.0下的控件，1.1下一些控件也可以导出成Excel或者Word）
                //base.VerifyRenderingInServerForm(control);
        }


void btnToExcel_Click() void btnToExcel_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
                Response.Clear();
                Response.BufferOutput = true;
                //设定输出的字符集
                Response.Charset = "GB2312";
                //假定导出的文件名为FileName.xls
                Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.xls");
                Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding( "GB2312");
                //设置导出文件的格式
                Response.ContentType = "application/ms-excel";
                //关闭ViewState
                EnableViewState = false;
                System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo( "ZH-CN", true);
                System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
                gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
                //把HTML写回浏览器
                Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
                Response. End();
        }
        //导出成Word文件
void btnToWord_Click() void btnToWord_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
                Response.Clear();
                Response.BufferOutput = true;
                //设定输出的字符集
                Response.Charset = "GB2312";
                //假定导出的文件名为FileName.doc
                Response.AppendHeader( "Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=FileName.doc");
                Response.ContentEncoding = System.Text.Encoding.GetEncoding( "GB2312");
                设置导出文件的格式
                Response.ContentType = "application/ms-word";
                //关闭ViewState
                gvPersonList.EnableViewState = false;
                System.Globalization.CultureInfo cultureInfo = new System.Globalization.CultureInfo( "ZH-CN", true);
                System.IO.StringWriter stringWriter = new System.IO.StringWriter(cultureInfo);
                System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter textWriter = new System.Web.UI.HtmlTextWriter(stringWriter);
                gvPersonList.RenderControl(textWriter);
                // //把HTML写回浏览器
                Response.Write(stringWriter.ToString());
                Response. End();
        }
}

运行效果：

 

需要说明的是：在asp.net2.0环境下，VerifyRenderingInServerForm(Control control)这个方法不override的话，则会出现“错误提示:类型“GridView”的控件“GridView1”必须放在具有 runat=server 的窗体标记内”这个错误。