java 发送邮件 jar_Java实现邮件发送的过程及代码详解

Java实现邮件发送

一、邮件服务器与传输协议

要在网络上实现邮件功能，必须要有专门的邮件服务器。这些邮件服务器类似于现实生活中的邮局，它主要负责接收用户投递过来的邮件，并把邮件投递到邮件接收者的电子邮箱中。

SMTP服务器地址：一般是 smtp.xxx.com，比如163邮箱是smtp.163.com，qq邮箱是smtp.qq.com。

SMTP协议

通常把处理用户smtp请求(邮件发送请求)的服务器称之为SMTP服务器(邮件发送服务器)。

POP3协议

通常把处理用户pop3请求(邮件接收请求)的服务器称之为POP3服务器(邮件接收服务器)。

二、Java发送邮件

使用到的jar包：

mail.jar

activation.jar

QQ邮箱需获取相应的权限：

QQ邮箱–>邮箱设置–>账户–>POP3/IMAP/SMTP/Exchange/CardDAV/CalDAV服务 开启POP3/SMTP服务，然后获取16位授权码(注意不要将授权码泄露，一个账户可以拥有多个授权码)

Java实现纯文本邮件发送

package org.westos.email;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.mail.*;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

import java.util.Properties;

public class SendEamil {

public static void main(String[] args) throws MessagingException, GeneralSecurityException {

//创建一个配置文件并保存

Properties properties = new Properties();

properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");

properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");

properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");

//QQ存在一个特性设置SSL加密

MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();

sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);

properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");

properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

//创建一个session对象

Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {

@Override

protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {

return new PasswordAuthentication("619046217@qq.com","16位授权码");

}

});

//开启debug模式

session.setDebug(true);

//获取连接对象

Transport transport = session.getTransport();

//连接服务器

transport.connect("smtp.qq.com","619046217@qq.com","16位授权码");

//创建邮件对象

MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);

//邮件发送人

mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("619046217@qq.com"));

//邮件接收人

mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("875203654@qq.com"));

//邮件标题

mimeMessage.setSubject("Hello Mail");

//邮件内容

mimeMessage.setContent("我的想法是把代码放进一个循环里","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

//发送邮件

transport.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());

//关闭连接

transport.close();

}

}

Java实现文本图片附件复杂的邮件发送

MIME(多用途互联网邮件扩展类型)

MimeBodyPart类

javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart类 表示的是一个MIME消息，它和MimeMessage类一样都是从Part接口继承过来。

MimeMultipart类

javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart是抽象类 Multipart的实现子类,它用来组合多个MIME消息。一个MimeMultipart对象可以包含多个代表MIME消息的MimeBodyPart对象

package org.westos.email;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.activation.DataHandler;

import javax.activation.FileDataSource;

import javax.mail.*;

import javax.mail.internet.*;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

import java.util.Properties;

public class SendComplexEmail {

public static void main(String[] args) throws GeneralSecurityException, MessagingException {

Properties prop = new Properties();

prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.qq.com"); 设置QQ邮件服务器

prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp"); // 邮件发送协议

prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); // 需要验证用户名密码

// QQ邮箱设置SSL加密

MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();

sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);

prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");

prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

//1、创建定义整个应用程序所需的环境信息的 Session 对象

Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(prop, new Authenticator() {

@Override

protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {

//传入发件人的姓名和授权码

return new PasswordAuthentication("619046217@qq.com","16位授权码");

}

});

//2、通过session获取transport对象

Transport transport = session.getTransport();

//3、通过transport对象邮箱用户名和授权码连接邮箱服务器

transport.connect("smtp.qq.com","619046217@qq.com","16位授权码");

//4、创建邮件,传入session对象

MimeMessage mimeMessage = complexEmail(session);

//5、发送邮件

transport.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());

//6、关闭连接

transport.close();

}

public static MimeMessage complexEmail(Session session) throws MessagingException {

//消息的固定信息

MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);

//发件人

mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress("619046217@qq.com"));

//收件人

mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress("619046217@qq.com"));

//邮件标题

mimeMessage.setSubject("带图片和附件的邮件");

//邮件内容

//准备图片数据

MimeBodyPart image = new MimeBodyPart();

DataHandler handler = new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("E:\\IdeaProjects\\WebEmail\\resources\\测试图片.png"));

image.setDataHandler(handler);

image.setContentID("test.png"); //设置图片id

//准备文本

MimeBodyPart text = new MimeBodyPart();

text.setContent("这是一段文本","text/html;charset=utf-8");

//附件

MimeBodyPart appendix = new MimeBodyPart();

appendix.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(new FileDataSource("E:\\IdeaProjects\\WebEmail\\resources\\测试文件.txt")));

appendix.setFileName("test.txt");

//拼装邮件正文

MimeMultipart mimeMultipart = new MimeMultipart();

mimeMultipart.addBodyPart(image);

mimeMultipart.addBodyPart(text);

mimeMultipart.setSubType("related");//文本和图片内嵌成功

//将拼装好的正文内容设置为主体

MimeBodyPart contentText = new MimeBodyPart();

contentText.setContent(mimeMultipart);

//拼接附件

MimeMultipart allFile = new MimeMultipart();

allFile.addBodyPart(appendix);//附件

allFile.addBodyPart(contentText);//正文

allFile.setSubType("mixed"); //正文和附件都存在邮件中，所有类型设置为mixed

//放到Message消息中

mimeMessage.setContent(allFile);

mimeMessage.saveChanges();//保存修改

return mimeMessage;

}

}

JavaWeb发送邮件(网站注册成功发送提示邮件)

1.User

package org.westos.mail;

public class User {

private String name;

private String password;

private String mail;

public User() {

}

public User(String name, String password, String mail) {

this.name = name;

this.password = password;

this.mail = mail;

}

public String getName() {

return name;

}

public void setName(String name) {

this.name = name;

}

public String getPassword() {

return password;

}

public void setPassword(String password) {

this.password = password;

}

public String getMail() {

return mail;

}

public void setMail(String mail) {

this.mail = mail;

}

@Override

public String toString() {

return "User{" +

"name='" + name + '\'' +

", password='" + password + '\'' +

", mail='" + mail + '\'' +

'}';

}

}

2.Servlet

package org.westos.mail;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import java.io.IOException;

public class Servlet extends javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet {

protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {

doGet(request,response);

}

protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

//处理前端请求

String username = request.getParameter("username");

String password = request.getParameter("password");

String email = request.getParameter("email");

//将信息封装进user对象

User user = new User(username, password, email);

SendMail sendMail = new SendMail(user);

sendMail.start(); //开启线程

request.setAttribute("msg","发送成功");

try {

request.getRequestDispatcher("msg.jsp").forward(request,response);

} catch (ServletException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} catch (IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

3.SengMail

package org.westos.mail;

import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;

import javax.mail.*;

import javax.mail.internet.AddressException;

import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;

import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;

import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;

import java.security.PublicKey;

import java.util.Properties;

public class SendMail extends Thread {

//发件人信息

private String From = "619046217@qq.com";

//发件人邮箱

private String recipient = "619046217@qq.com";

//邮箱密码

private String password = "16位授权码";

//邮件发送的服务器

private String host = "smtp.qq.com";

//收件人信息

private User user;

public SendMail(User user){

this.user = user;

}

@Override

public void run() {

try {

Properties properties = new Properties();

properties.setProperty("mail.host","smtp.qq.com");

properties.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol","smtp");

properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth","true");

//QQ存在一个特性设置SSL加密

MailSSLSocketFactory sf = null;

try {

sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();

} catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);

properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");

properties.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);

//创建一个session对象

Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties, new Authenticator() {

@Override

protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {

return new PasswordAuthentication(recipient,password);

}

});

//开启debug模式

session.setDebug(true);

//获取连接对象

Transport transport = null;

try {

transport = session.getTransport();

} catch (NoSuchProviderException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

//连接服务器

transport.connect(host,From,password);

//创建一个邮件发送对象

MimeMessage mimeMessage = new MimeMessage(session);

//邮件发送人

mimeMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(recipient));

//邮件接收人

mimeMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(user.getMail()));

//邮件标题

mimeMessage.setSubject("网站注册成功");

//邮件内容

mimeMessage.setContent("网站注册成功，密码为"+user.getPassword()+"，请妥善保管密码","text/html;charset=UTF-8");

//发送邮件

transport.sendMessage(mimeMessage,mimeMessage.getAllRecipients());

transport.close();

}catch (Exception e){

e.printStackTrace();

}

}

}

4.register.jsp

注册页面

用户名：

密码：

邮箱：

5.msg.jsp

Title

${msg}

6.web.xml

xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"

version="4.0">

Servlet

org.westos.mail.Servlet

Servlet

/a.do

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