架构图
平常我们使用缓存都是在后端的tomcat中进行判断,是否去查redis,在这个架构里面是使用nginx写lua脚本直接去redis中拿数据,这样的话会帮助tomcat减少很多请求。
安装
下载OpenResty
http://openresty.org/cn/download.html,下载windows版本,解压即可
配置
根据书中推荐的项目结构,建立如下的项目结构
其中example文件夹是项目目录,名称可定为项目路径。lua目录下放该项目用到的lua脚本。lualib目录中放该项目用到的lua库。example.conf作为项目的配置文件。
编辑C:\work\openresty-1.13.6.1-win32\conf目录下的nginx.conf文件
#user nobody;
worker_processes 1;
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
lua_package_path "C:\work\openresty-1.13.6.1-win32\example\lualib/?.lua;;"; #lua 模块
lua_package_cpath "C:\work\openresty-1.13.6.1-win32\example\lualib/?.so;;";
include mime.types;
include C:\work\openresty-1.13.6.1-win32\example\example.conf;#引入项目的配置文件
default_type application/octet-stream;
#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
#access_log logs/access.log main;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
location / {
root html;
index index.html index.htm;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}
# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}
# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}
# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443 ssl;
# server_name localhost;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;
# ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
# ssl_session_timeout 5m;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}
}
example配置文件中编辑
server {
listen 80;
server_name _;
location /lua {
default_type 'text/html';
lua_code_cache on;
content_by_lua_file C:\work\openresty-1.13.6.1-win32\example\lua/test.lua;
}
location /lua_redis_basic {
default_type 'text/html';
lua_code_cache off;
content_by_lua_file C:\work\openresty-1.13.6.1-win32\example\lua/test_redis_basic.lua;
}
}
如果访问的是/lua路径,交由example/lua/test.lua文件进行处理
如果访问的是/lua_redis_basic路径交由example/lua/test_redis_basic.lua文件处理
新建test.lua
ngx.say("hello world");
简单的输出“hello world”
新建test_redis_basic.lua文件
local function close_redis(red)
if not red then
return
end
local ok, err = red:close()
if not ok then
ngx.say("close redis error : ", err)
end
end
local redis = require("resty.redis")
--创建实例
local red = redis:new()
--设置超时(毫秒)
red:set_timeout(1000)
--建立连接
local ip = "127.0.0.1"
local port = 6379
local ok, err = red:connect(ip, port)
if not ok then
ngx.say("connect to redis error : ", err)
return close_redis(red)
end
local res, err = red:auth("shiyuesoft")
if not res then
ngx.say("failed to authenticate: ", err)
return
end
--调用API进行处理
ok, err = red:set("msg", "hello world")
if not ok then
ngx.say("set msg error : ", err)
return close_redis(red)
end
--调用API获取数据
local resp, err = red:get("msg")
if not resp then
ngx.say("get msg error : ", err)
return close_redis(red)
end
--得到的数据为空处理
if resp == ngx.null then
resp = '' --比如默认值
end
ngx.say("msg : ", resp)
close_redis(red)
至此配置完成,启动nginx
访问127.0.0.1/lua显示如下
访问127.0.0.1/lua_redis_basic
至此完成了nginx+lua读取redis缓存的功能,下一章进行回源到服务器进行操作,并更新redis缓存操作