为什么junit测试类需要一个无参构造函数

在用junit测试的时候遇到一个问题，代码如下：

public class TimingOfVariateInitialization {
    int var1;


    public TimingOfVariateInitialization(int var1) {
        System.out.print("执行构造器");
        this.var1 = var1;
    }

    {
        System.out.print("执行非静态初始化块");
        var2 = "a";
    }

    //定义时指定初始化值
    String var2 = "b";

    public String toString() {
        return "var1=" + var1 + " var2=" + var2;
    }

    @Test
    public void test() {
        TimingOfVariateInitialization t1 = new TimingOfVariateInitialization(1);
        System.out.print(t1);
    }
}

运行之后，报错

java.lang.Exception: Test class should have exactly one public zero-argument constructor

at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.validateZeroArgConstructor(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:171)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.validateConstructor(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:148)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.collectInitializationErrors(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:127)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.validate(ParentRunner.java:416)
at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.<init>(ParentRunner.java:84)
at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.<init>(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:65)
at org.junit.internal.builders.JUnit4Builder.runnerForClass(JUnit4Builder.java:10)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.builders.AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.runnerForClass(AllDefaultPossibilitiesBuilder.java:26)
at org.junit.runners.model.RunnerBuilder.safeRunnerForClass(RunnerBuilder.java:59)
at org.junit.internal.requests.ClassRequest.getRunner(ClassRequest.java:33)
at org.junit.internal.requests.FilterRequest.getRunner(FilterRequest.java:36)
at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:49)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.IdeaTestRunner$Repeater.startRunnerWithArgs(IdeaTestRunner.java:47)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:242)
at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:70)

 

经分析，代码测试方法直接放在了要测试的类中，而且要测试的类有一个有参构造函数。

如果去掉有参构造函数，或者把测试方法放到另一个类中可以解决问题。

但是不知道为什么junit测试类一定需要一个无参构造函数

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/fpzh/p/10892350.html