MySQL自增属性auto_increment_increment和auto_increment_offset

  MySQL的系统变量或会话变量auto_increment_increment(自增步长)和auto_increment_offset(自增偏移量)控制着数据表的自增列ID。
  
  mysql> show tables;
  
  Empty set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> CREATE TABLE `test_tb1` ( `id` int(4) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY, `name` varchar(20)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.16 sec)
  
  mysql> insert into test_tb1(name) values('Andy'),('Danny');
  
  Query OK, 2 rows affected (0.13 sec)
  
  Records: 2 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
  mysql> select * from test_tb1;
  
  +----+-------+
  
  | id | name |
  
  +----+-------+
  
  | 1 | Andy |
  
  | 2 | Danny |
  
  +----+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.04 sec)
  
  mysql> show session variables like '%auto_incre%';
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 1 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> set session auto_increment_increment=10;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> show session variables like '%auto_incre%'; -- 改变自增步长
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 10 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> show global variables like '%auto_incre%'; -- 全局变量并没有变化
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 1 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.05 sec)
  
  mysql> truncate table test_tb1;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
  
  mysql> insert into test_tb1(name) values('Andy'),('Bonny'),('Lisa'),('Jack'),('Robin');
  
  Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.06 sec)
  
  Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
  mysql> select * from test_tb1;
  
  +----+-------+
  
  | id | name |
  
  +----+-------+
  
  | 1 | Andy |
  
  | 11 | Bonny |
  
  | 21 | Lisa |
  
  | 31 | Jack |
  
  | 41 | Robin |
  
  +----+-------+
  
  5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  获取指定数据表的下一个auto_increment自增值的两种方式:
  
  mysql> show table status \G
  
  *************************** 1. row ***************************
  
  Name: test_tb1
  
  Engine: InnoDB
  
  Version: 10
  
  Row_format: Dynamic
  
  Rows: 5
  
  Avg_row_length: 3276
  
  Data_length: 16384
  
  Max_data_length: 0
  
  Index_length: 0
  
  Data_free: 0
  
  Auto_increment: 51
  
  Create_time: 2018-12-19 14:43:53
  
  Update_time: 2018-12-19 14:54:23
  
  Check_time: NULL
  
  Collation: utf8_general_ci
  
  Checksum: NULL
  
  Create_options:
  
  Comment:
  
  1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> select auto_increment from information_schema.`TABLES` where table_name='test_tb1';
  
  +----------------+
  
  | auto_increment |
  
  +----------------+
  
  | 51 |
  
  +----------------+
  
  1 row in set (0.03 sec)
  
  auto_increment_increment和auto_increment_offset的取值范围: 1 ~ 65535,这个范围和自增列的值没关系,列的数据大小是对应的值类型控制的。
  
  mysql> set auto_increment_yongshiyule178.com increment=-1;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.05 sec)
  
  mysql> show variables like '%auto_incre%'; -- 小于1时用默认最小值1
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 1 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> set auto_increment_www.mcyllpt.com increment=65536;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> show variables like '%auto_incre%'; -- 大于65535时用默认最大值65536
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 65535 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> truncate table test_tb1;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.49 sec)
  
  mysql> insert into test_tb1(name) values('Andy'), ('Bonny'), ('Danny'), ('Jack'), ('Robin');
  
  Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.01 sec)
  
  Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
  mysql> select * from test_www.yigouyule2.cn tb1; -- 值可以大于65535
  
  +--------+-------+
  
  | id | name |
  
  +--------+-------+
  
  | 1 | Andy |
  
  | 65536 | Bonny |
  
  | 131071 | Danny |
  
  | 196606 | Jack |
  
  | 262141 | Robin |
  
  +--------+-------+
  
  5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> truncate table test_tb1;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows www.michenggw.com affected (0.06 sec)
  
  mysql> insert into test_tb1(id, name) values(-3, 'Andy'), (-2, 'Bonny'), (-1, 'Danny');
  
  Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.06 sec)
  
  Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
  mysql> select * from test_tb1; -- 值可以小于1
  
  +----+-------+
  
  | id | name |
  
  +----+-------+
  
  | -3 | Andy |
  
  | -2 | Bonny |
  
  | -1 | Danny |
  
  +----+-------+
  
  3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  全局(global)与会话(session)自增属性,会话针对当前连接的所有操作,全局变量会在新的连接会话中生效。
  
  mysql> show global variables like 'auto_incre%'; -- 全局的自增属性值
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 1 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> show variables like 'auto_incre%'; -- 会话的自增属性值,同show session variables like 'auto_incre%';
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 65535 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> set global auto_increment_increment=10;
  
  Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
  
  mysql> show variables like 'auto_incre%';
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 65535 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
  
  mysql> show global variables like 'auto_incre%';
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | Variable_name | Value |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  | auto_increment_increment | 10 |
  
  | auto_increment_offset | 1 |
  
  +--------------------------+-------+
  
  2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

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