今天在阅读cxf官方文档的时候遇到一种用法主要真对Map类型的复杂对象处理

@WebServicepublicinterface HelloWorld {    String sayHi(String text);    /* Advanced usecase of passing an Interface in.  JAX-WS/JAXB does not     * support interfaces directly.  Special XmlAdapter classes need to     * be written to handle them     */    String sayHiToUser(User user);    /* Map passing     * JAXB also does not support Maps.  It handles Lists great, but Maps are     * not supported directly.  They also require use of a XmlAdapter to map     * the maps into beans that JAXB can use.      */    @XmlJavaTypeAdapter(IntegerUserMapAdapter.class)    Map<Integer, User> getUsers();}


一.Jaxb处理java对象和xml之间转换常用的annotation有：

  1. @XmlType

  2. @XmlElement

  3. @XmlRootElement

  4. @XmlAttribute

  5. @XmlAccessorType

  6. @XmlAccessorOrder

  7. @XmlTransient

  8. @XmlJavaTypeAdapter

二.常用annotation使用说明

  1. @XmlType

　　@XmlType用在class类的注解，常与@XmlRootElement，@XmlAccessorType一起使用。它有三个属性：name、propOrder、namespace，经常使用的只有前两个属性。如：

@XmlType(name = "basicStruct", propOrder = {
    "intValue",
    "stringArray",
    "stringValue"
)
在使用@XmlType的propOrder 属性时，必须列出JavaBean对象中的所有属性，否则会报错。

　　2.@XmlElement

　　@XmlElement将java对象的属性映射为xml的节点，在使用@XmlElement时，可通过name属性改变java对象属性在xml中显示的名称。如：

　　@XmlElement(name="Address")
　　private String yourAddress;

　　3.@XmlRootElement

　　@XmlRootElement用于类级别的注解，对应xml的跟元素，常与 @XmlType 和 @XmlAccessorType一起使用。如：

@XmlType
　　@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
　　@XmlRootElement
　　public class Address {}

　　4.@XmlAttribute

　　@XmlAttribute用于把java对象的属性映射为xml的属性,并可通过name属性为生成的xml属性指定别名。如：
@XmlAttribute(name="Country")
　　private String state;

　　5.@XmlAccessorType

　　@XmlAccessorType用于指定由java对象生成xml文件时对java对象属性的访问方式。常与@XmlRootElement、@XmlType一起使用。它的属性值是XmlAccessType的4个枚举值，分　　　别为：

　　XmlAccessType.FIELD:java对象中的所有成员变量

　　XmlAccessType.PROPERTY：java对象中所有通过getter/setter方式访问的成员变量

　　XmlAccessType.PUBLIC_MEMBER：java对象中所有的public访问权限的成员变量和通过getter/setter方式访问的成员变量

　　XmlAccessType.NONE:java对象的所有属性都不映射为xml的元素

　　注意：@XmlAccessorType的默认访问级别是XmlAccessType.PUBLIC_MEMBER，因此，如果java对象中的private成员变量设置了public权限的getter/setter方法，就不要在　　　private变量上使用@XmlElement和@XmlAttribute注解，否则在由java对象生成xml时会报同一个属性在java类里存在两次的错误。同理，如果@XmlAccessorType的访问权限　　　为XmlAccessType.NONE，如果在java的成员变量上使用了@XmlElement或@XmlAttribute注解，这些成员变量依然可以映射到xml文件。

　　6.@XmlAccessorOrder

　　@XmlAccessorOrder用于对java对象生成的xml元素进行排序。它有两个属性值：

　　AccessorOrder.ALPHABETICAL：对生成的xml元素按字母书序排序

　　XmlAccessOrder.UNDEFINED:不排序

　　7.@XmlTransient

　　@XmlTransient用于标示在由java对象映射xml时，忽略此属性。即，在生成的xml文件中不出现此元素。

　　8.@XmlJavaTypeAdapter

　　@XmlJavaTypeAdapter常用在转换比较复杂的对象时，如map类型或者格式化日期等。使用此注解时，需要自己写一个adapter类继承XmlAdapter抽象类，并实现里面的方法。

　　@XmlJavaTypeAdapter(value=xxx.class),value为自己定义的adapter类

　　XmlAdapter如下：

public abstract class XmlAdapter<ValueType,BoundType> {
    // Do-nothing constructor for the derived classes.
    protected XmlAdapter() {}
    // Convert a value type to a bound type.
    public abstract BoundType unmarshal(ValueType v);
    // Convert a bound type to a value type.
    public abstract ValueType marshal(BoundType v);
 }

三.示例

1.Shop.java

package jaxb.shop;

import java.util.Set;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessOrder;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElementWrapper;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorOrder;

@XmlAccessorOrder(XmlAccessOrder.ALPHABETICAL)
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlType(name = "shop", propOrder = { "name", "number", "describer", "address","orders" })

@XmlRootElement(name = "CHMart")
public class Shop {

   @XmlAttribute
   private String name;

   // @XmlElement
   private String number;

   @XmlElement
   private String describer;

   @XmlElementWrapper(name = "orders")
   @XmlElement(name = "order")
   private Set<Order> orders;

   @XmlElement
   private Address address;

   public Shop() {
   }

   public Shop(String name, String number, String describer, Address address) {
       this.name = name;
       this.number = number;
       this.describer = describer;
       this.address = address;
   }

   getter/setter略

//同时使用了@XmlType（propOrder={}）和@XmlAccessorOrder(XmlAccessOrder.ALPHABETICAL)，但是生成的xml只按照propOrder定义的顺序生成元素

2.Order.java
package jaxb.shop;

import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlJavaTypeAdapter;

@XmlType(name="order",propOrder={"shopName","orderNumber","price","amount","purDate","customer"})
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlRootElement
public class Order {

//  @XmlElement　　
   private String shopName;

   @XmlAttribute
   private String orderNumber;

//  @XmlElement
   @XmlJavaTypeAdapter(value=DateAdapter.class)
   private Date purDate;

//  @XmlElement
   private BigDecimal price;

//  @XmlElement
   private int amount;

//  @XmlElement
   private Customer customer;

   public Order() {
   }

   public Order(String shopName, String orderNumber, Date purDate,
           BigDecimal price, int amount) {
       this.shopName = shopName;
       this.orderNumber = orderNumber;
       this.purDate = purDate;
       this.price = price;
       this.amount = amount;
   }

getter/setter略

//@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)，所以此处注释掉了@XmlElement，xml中依然会生成这些元素
3.Customer.java

package jaxb.shop;

import java.util.Set;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;

@XmlType
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.FIELD)
@XmlRootElement
public class Customer {

   @XmlAttribute
   private String name;

   private String gender;

   private String phoneNo;

   private Address address;

   private Set<Order> orders;

   public Customer() {
   }

   public Customer(String name, String gender, String phoneNo, Address address) {
       this.name = name;
       this.gender = gender;
       this.phoneNo = phoneNo;
       this.address = address;
   }

getter/setter略

4.Address.java

package jaxb.shop;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAttribute;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlRootElement;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorType;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessOrder;
import javax.xml.bind.annotation.XmlAccessorOrder;

@XmlType(propOrder={"state","province","city","street","zip"})
@XmlAccessorOrder(XmlAccessOrder.ALPHABETICAL)
@XmlAccessorType(XmlAccessType.NONE)
@XmlRootElement
public class Address {

   @XmlAttribute　
   private String state;

   @XmlElement
   private String province;

   @XmlElement
   private String city;

   @XmlElement
   private String street;

   @XmlElement
   private String zip;

   public Address() {
       super();
   }

   public Address(String state, String province, String city, String street,
           String zip) {
       super();
       this.state = state;
       this.province = province;
       this.city = city;
       this.street = street;
       this.zip = zip;
   }

getter/setter略

//注意：虽然@XmlAccessorType为XmlAccessType.NONE,但是在java类的私有属性上加了@XmlAttribute和@XmlElement注解后，这些私有成员会映射生成xml的元素

　5.DateAdapter.java

package jaxb.shop;

import java.util.Date;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import javax.xml.bind.annotation.adapters.XmlAdapter;

public class DateAdapter extends XmlAdapter<String, Date> {

   private String pattern = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss";
   SimpleDateFormat fmt = new SimpleDateFormat(pattern);

   @Override
   public Date unmarshal(String dateStr) throws Exception {

       return fmt.parse(dateStr);
   }

   @Override
   public String marshal(Date date) throws Exception {

       return fmt.format(date);
   }

}

//用于格式化日期在xml中的显示格式，并且由xml unmarshal为java对象时，将字符串解析为Date对象

6.ShopTest.java

package jaxb.shop;

import java.io.FileReader;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import javax.xml.bind.JAXBContext;
import javax.xml.bind.JAXBException;
import javax.xml.bind.Marshaller;
import javax.xml.bind.Unmarshaller;

public class ShopTest {

   public static void main(String[] args) throws JAXBException, IOException{
       Set<Order> orders = new HashSet<Order>();

       Address address1 = new Address("China", "ShangHai", "ShangHai", "Huang", "200000");
       Customer customer1 = new Customer("Jim", "male", "13699990000", address1);
       Order order1 = new Order("Mart", "LH59900", new Date(), new BigDecimal(60), 1);
       order1.setCustomer(customer1);

       Address address2 = new Address("China", "JiangSu", "NanJing", "ZhongYangLu", "210000");
       Customer customer2 = new Customer("David", "male", "13699991000", address2);
       Order order2 = new Order("Mart", "LH59800", new Date(), new BigDecimal(80), 1);
       order2.setCustomer(customer2);

       orders.add(order1);
       orders.add(order2);

       Address address3 = new Address("China", "ZheJiang", "HangZhou", "XiHuRoad", "310000");
       Shop shop = new Shop("CHMart", "100000", "EveryThing",address3);
       shop.setOrder(orders);


       FileWriter writer = null;
       JAXBContext context = JAXBContext.newInstance(Shop.class);
       try {
           Marshaller marshal = context.createMarshaller();
           marshal.setProperty(Marshaller.JAXB_FORMATTED_OUTPUT, true);
           marshal.marshal(shop, System.out);

           writer = new FileWriter("shop.xml");
           marshal.marshal(shop, writer);
       } catch (Exception e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }

       Unmarshaller unmarshal = context.createUnmarshaller();
       FileReader reader = new FileReader("shop.xml") ;
       Shop shop1 = (Shop)unmarshal.unmarshal(reader);

       Set<Order> orders1 = shop1.getOrder();
       for(Order order : orders1){
           System.out.println("***************************");
           System.out.println(order.getOrderNumber());
           System.out.println(order.getCustomer().getName());
           System.out.println("***************************");
       }
   }
}

7.生成的xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<CHMart name="CHMart">
   <number>100000</number>
   <describer>EveryThing</describer>
   <address state="China">
       <province>ZheJiang</province>
       <city>HangZhou</city>
       <street>XiHuRoad</street>
       <zip>310000</zip>
   </address>
   <orders>
       <order orderNumber="LH59800">
           <shopName>Mart</shopName>
           <price>80</price>
           <amount>1</amount>
           <purDate>2012-03-25 12:57:23</purDate>
           <customer name="David">
               <gender>male</gender>
               <phoneNo>13699991000</phoneNo>
               <address state="China">
                   <province>JiangSu</province>
                   <city>NanJing</city>
                   <street>ZhongYangLu</street>
                   <zip>210000</zip>
               </address>
           </customer>
       </order>
       <order orderNumber="LH59900">
           <shopName>Mart</shopName>
           <price>60</price>
           <amount>1</amount>
           <purDate>2012-03-25 12:57:23</purDate>
           <customer name="Jim">
               <gender>male</gender>
               <phoneNo>13699990000</phoneNo>
               <address state="China">
                   <province>ShangHai</province>
                   <city>ShangHai</city>
                   <street>Huang</street>
                   <zip>200000</zip>
               </address>
           </customer>
       </order>
   </orders>
</CHMart>

　　以上是以一个简单的商店订单模型作为示例。