pandas apply

apply(func, convert_dtype=True, args=(), **kwds) method of pandas.core.series.Series instance

    Invoke function on values of Series. Can be ufunc (a NumPy function

    that applies to the entire Series) or a Python function that only works

    on single values

    

    Parameters

    ----------

    func : function

    convert_dtype : boolean, default True

        Try to find better dtype for elementwise function results. If

        False, leave as dtype=object

    args : tuple

        Positional arguments to pass to function in addition to the value

    Additional keyword arguments will be passed as keywords to the function

    

    Returns

    -------

    y : Series or DataFrame if func returns a Series

    

    See also

    --------

    Series.map: For element-wise operations

    Series.agg: only perform aggregating type operations

    Series.transform: only perform transformating type operations

    

    Examples

    --------

    

    Create a series with typical summer temperatures for each city.

    

    >>> import pandas as pd

    >>> import numpy as np

    >>> series = pd.Series([20, 21, 12], index=['London',

    ... 'New York','Helsinki'])

    >>> series

    London      20

    New York    21

    Helsinki    12

    dtype: int64

    

    Square the values by defining a function and passing it as an

    argument to ``apply()``.

    

    >>> def square(x):

    ...     return x**2

    >>> series.apply(square)

    London      400

    New York    441

    Helsinki    144

    dtype: int64

    

    Square the values by passing an anonymous function as an

    argument to ``apply()``.

    

    >>> series.apply(lambda x: x**2)

    London      400

    New York    441

    Helsinki    144

    dtype: int64

    

    Define a custom function that needs additional positional

    arguments and pass these additional arguments using the

    ``args`` keyword.

    

    >>> def subtract_custom_value(x, custom_value):

    ...     return x-custom_value

    

    >>> series.apply(subtract_custom_value, args=(5,))

    London      15

    New York    16

    Helsinki     7

    dtype: int64

    

    Define a custom function that takes keyword arguments

    and pass these arguments to ``apply``.

    

    >>> def add_custom_values(x, **kwargs):

    ...     for month in kwargs:

    ...         x+=kwargs[month]

    ...         return x

    

    >>> series.apply(add_custom_values, june=30, july=20, august=25)

    London      95

    New York    96

    Helsinki    87

    dtype: int64

    

    Use a function from the Numpy library.

    

    >>> series.apply(np.log)

    London      2.995732

    New York    3.044522

    Helsinki    2.484907

    dtype: float64