本篇文章主要介绍了Node.js:DNS模块的使用,DNS模块包涵有关DNS查询和操作的方法,具有一定的参考价值,感兴趣的小伙伴们可以参考一下。
Nodejs的DNS模块包涵有关DNS查询和操作的方法,下面介绍该模块的基本用法以及实现一个DNS查询小工具。
1.获取DNS服务器地址
使用getServers
方法,该方法返回一个IP地址组成的数组,如下所示:
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返回结果为:
[ '114.114.114.114', '8.8.8.8',
'fec0:0:0:ffff::1', '114.114.114.114',
'8.8.8.8', '114.114.114.114',
'8.8.8.8' ]
2.使用系统特性域名解析获取IP地址
使用dns.lookup(hostname[, options], callback)
方法,options参数包涵以下属性:
- family:地址协议族,必须为4或6的整数
- hints:设置getaddrinfo的标志,dns.ADDRCONFIG 或者 dns.V4MAPPED(ipv4映射成ipv6)
- all:false(默认),布尔值,如设置为true,则返回IP数组,否则返回单个IP地址
callback回调函数有三个参数(err,address,family),如果options的all属性设置为true,则只有(err,addresses)参数且addresses为一个数组,数组元素为{address,family}对象。使用如下所示:
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结果如下:
E:\developmentdocument\nodejsdemo>node dns-example.js
百度网站的IP地址是:14.215.177.37地址协议族是:IPV4
设置options的all为true时,结果如下:
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结果如下:
E:\developmentdocument\nodejsdemo>node dns-example.js
百度网站的IP地址1是:14.215.177.38
百度网站的IP地址2是:14.215.177.37
3.根据IP和端口获取主机名
使用dns.lookupService(address, port, callback)
方法,该方法依赖getnameinfo底层函数。
callback函数有三个参数(err, hostname, service),service是protocol,为http或https,使用如下所示:
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结果如下:
E:\developmentdocument\nodejsdemo>node dns-example.js
该IP对应的主机为:www.test.zmx.com 协议为:http
4.使用网络域名解析获取IP地址
使用dns.resolve(hostname[, rrtype], callback)
方法,rrtype有以下选择:
- 'A':IPV4,default
- 'AAAA':IPV6
- 'MX' - mail exchange records 邮件交换记录
- 'TXT' - text records 域名配置说明
- 'SRV' - SRV records 服务器提供的服务
- 'PTR' - PTR records
- 'NS' - name server records 域名服务器
- 'CNAME' - canonical name records 别名记录
- 'SOA' - start of authority record 起始授权机构
- 'NAPTR' - name authority pointer record
callback函数有(err, addresses)两个参数,addresses是一个数组,具体成员需要看具体的rrtype,使用如下所示:
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resovle还存在很多快捷方法,例如:resolve4,resolve6,resolveCname...等等
5.反向域名解析
使用dns.reverse(ip, callback)
方法,callback有两个参数(err, hostnames),hostnames是一个域名数组,使用如下所示:
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学完了以上的知识后,可以做个DNS查询的小工具,如下所示:
第一步,写个HTML静态页面,如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang=
"en"
>
<head>
<meta charset=
"UTF-8"
>
<title>DNS查询工具</title>
<style type=
"text/css"
>
html,body{ width: 100%; height: 100%; }
body{ display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column; }
*{ margin:0; padding: 0; }
ul{ list-style: none; }
.res{line-height: 24px; color:
#333; }
.clearfix:after{ display: block; content:
''
; height: 0; visibility: hidden; clear: both;}
.fl{ float:left; }
.g-wrap{ display: flex; width:560px; height: 40px; }
.u-list{position: relative; flex:1; }
.u-inp{flex:3; border:1px solid
#ccc; border-left: none; border-right:none; padding:11px 0 11px 10px;}
.u-btn{ flex:1; }
.list{ display: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top:40px; width: 100%; border:1px solid
#ccc; border-top:none; border-bottom:none; box-sizing: content-box; }
.item{ height: 30px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; color:
#666; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; cursor:pointer;}
.item:hover{ color:
#0087dc; }
.u-list .type{ display: block; width: 100%; line-height: 38px; border:1px solid
#ccc; text-align: center; color:#666; text-decoration: none; }
.u-list .type:after{ content:
''
; position: absolute; width:0; height:0; border:8px solid transparent; border-top-color:
#ccc; right:4px; top:16px;}
.u-inp input{ width: 100%; border:none; outline: none; height: 18px; line-height: 18px; color:
#666; vertical-align: top; font-size: 14px; }
.u-btn .btn{ display: block; line-height: 40px; text-align: center; background-color:
#0087dc; color:#fff; font-size: 16px; cursor:pointer; transition: background-color .3s;}
.u-btn .btn:hover{ background-color:
#0060b2; }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id=
"res"
class=
"res"
></div>
<div class=
"g-wrap clearfix"
>
<div class=
"u-list fl"
>
<a href=
"javascript:;"
class=
"type"
id=
"type"
data-value=
"A"
>IPV4</a>
<ul id=
"list"
class=
"list"
>
<li class=
"item"
data-value=
"A"
>IPV4</li>
<li class=
"item"
data-value=
"AAAA"
>IPV6</li>
<li class=
"item"
data-value=
"CNAME"
>CNAME</li>
<li class=
"item"
data-value=
"SOA"
>SOA</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class=
"u-inp fl"
>
<input type=
"text"
class=
"host"
id=
"host"
placeholder=
"请输入域名"
>
</div>
<div class=
"u-btn fl"
>
<span class=
"btn"
id=
"btn"
>查询</span>
</div>
</div>
<script>
function
hide(el){
el.style.display =
'none'
;
}
function
show(el){
el.style.display =
'block'
;
}
function
dealResult(responseText){
var
ips = [],
result =
''
;
ips = JSON.parse(responseText).ips;
if
(Array.isArray(ips)){
result = ips.length > 0 ? ips.join(
'<br />'
) :
'没有查询到结果'
;
}
else
if
({}.toString.call(ips) ===
'[object Object]'
){
result = JSON.stringify(ips);
}
res.innerHTML = result;
}
type.addEventListener(
'click'
,
function
(e){
e.stopPropagation();
show(list);
},!1);
[].slice.call(document.body.querySelectorAll(
'.item'
)).forEach(
function
(el,idx,arr){
el.addEventListener(
'click'
,
function
(e){
type.innerText =
this
.innerText;
type.dataset.value =
this
.dataset.value;
},!1);
});
document.body.addEventListener(
'click'
,
function
(e){
if
(list.style.display ===
'block'
){ hide(list); }
},!1);
btn.addEventListener(
'click'
,
function
(e){
var
hostname = host.value.trim(),
rrtype = type.dataset.value.toUpperCase();
if
(hostname ==
''
)
return
;
if
(hostname.indexOf(
'http://'
) === 0) hostname = hostname.replace(
'http://'
,
''
);
var
xhr =
new
XMLHttpRequest(),
method =
"POST"
,
url =
"/dnslookup"
;
xhr.open(method, url,
true
);
xhr.onreadystatechange =
function
() {
if
(xhr.readyState === XMLHttpRequest.DONE && xhr.status === 200) {
dealResult(xhr.responseText);
}
};
xhr.setRequestHeader(
"Content-Type"
,
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded"
);
xhr.send(
'host='
+hostname+
'&rrtype='
+rrtype);
},!1);
</script>
</body>
</html>
接着编写服务端代码,如下:
var
http = require(
'http'
),
url = require(
'url'
),
dns = require(
'dns'
),
qs = require(
'querystring'
),
fs = require(
'fs'
);
function
router(req,res,pathname){
switch
(pathname){
case
'/dnslookup'
:
lookup(req,res);
break
;
default
:
showIndex(req,res);
}
}
function
showIndex(req,res){
var
pagePath = __dirname+
'/'
+
'dns-lookup.html'
;
var
html = fs.readFileSync(pagePath);
res.end(html);
}
function
lookup(req,res){
var
postData =
''
;
req.on(
'data'
,
function
(data){
postData+=data;
});
req.on(
'end'
,
function
(data){
var
json = qs.parse(postData);
var
hostname = json.host;
var
rrtype = json.rrtype;
dns.resolve(hostname,rrtype,
function
(err,adresses){
if
(err){
res.end(JSON.stringify({errcode:1,ips:[]}));
}
res.end(JSON.stringify({errcode:0,ips:adresses}));
});
});
}
http.createServer(
function
(req,res){
var
pathname = url.parse(req.url).pathname;
req.setEncoding(
"utf8"
);
res.writeHead(200,{
'Content-Type'
:
'text/html'
});
router(req,res,pathname);
}).listen(3000,
'127.0.0.1'
);
运行效果如下: