node.js的DNS模块包含两类函数:
一、 第一类函数,使用底层操作系统工具进行域名解析,且无需进行网络通信。 这类函数只有一个:dns.lookup()。
eg:
const dns = require('dns');
dns.lookup('iana.org', (err, address, family) => {
console.log('IP 地址: %j 地址族: IPv%s', address, family);
});
输出: IP 地址: “192.0.43.8” 地址族: IPv4
二、 第二类函数,连接到一个真实的 DNS 服务器进行域名解析,且始终使用网络进行 DNS 查询。 这类函数包含了 dns 模块中除 dns.lookup() 以外的所有函数。 这些函数使用与 dns.lookup() 不同的配置文件(例如 /etc/hosts)。 这类函数适合于那些不想使用底层操作系统工具进行域名解析、而是想使用网络进行 DNS 查询的开发者。
2.1根据IP和端口获取主机名:dns.lookupService(address, port, callback)
const dns = require('dns');
dns.lookupService('127.0.0.1',80,(err,hostname,service)=>{
if(err) console.log(err);
console.log('该IP对应的主机为:'+hostname+' 协议为:'+service);
});
输出:该IP对应的主机为:www.test.zmx.com 协议为:http
2.2使用网络域名解析获取IP地址:dns.resolve(hostname[, rrtype], callback)
hostname是域名,rrtype有以下选择:
callback函数有(err, addresses)两个参数,addresses是一个数组,具体成员需要看具体的rrtype,使用如下所示:
//获取IPV4
dns.resolve('www.qq.com','A',(err,address)=>{
if(err) throw err;
console.log(address);
//结果为[ '14.17.32.211', '14.17.42.40', '59.37.96.63' ]
});
//获取IPV6
dns.resolve('www.qq.com','AAAA',(err,address)=>{
if(err) throw err;
console.log(address);
//结果为[ '240e:ff:f040:28::a' ]
});
//获取SOA信息
dns.resolve('www.qq.com','SOA',(err,address)=>{
if(err) throw err;
console.log(address);
//结果为
{ nsname: 'ns-tel1.qq.com',
hostmaster: 'webmaster.qq.com',
serial: 1380440321,
refresh: 300,
retry: 600,
expire: 86400,
minttl: 300 }
});
//获取别名CNAME
dns.resolve('www.baidu.com','CNAME',(err,address)=>{
if(err) throw err;
console.log(address);
//结果为[ 'www.a.shifen.com' ]
});
resovle还存在很多快捷方法,例如:resolve4,resolve6,resolveCname,resolveMx,resolveNaptr…等等
2.3反向域名解析:dns.reverse(ip,callback)
dns.reverse('114.114.114.114',(err,hostnames)=>{
if(err) throw err;
console.log(hostnames);
//结果为[ 'public1.114dns.com' ]
});
综上,可以做个DNS查询的小工具,第一步,新建静态页面dns-lookup.html,如下:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>DNS查询工具</title>
<style type="text/css">
html,body{ width: 100%; height: 100%; }
body{ display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; flex-direction: column; }
*{ margin:0; padding: 0; }
ul{ list-style: none; }
.res{line-height: 24px; color:#333; }
.clearfix:after{ display: block; content:''; height: 0; visibility: hidden; clear: both;}
.fl{ float:left; }
.g-wrap{ display: flex; width:560px; height: 40px; margin-top: 30px;}
.u-list{position: relative; flex:1; }
.u-inp{flex:3; border:1px solid #ccc; border-left: none; border-right:none; padding:11px 0 11px 10px;}
.u-btn{ flex:1; }
.list{ display: none; position: absolute; left: 0px; top:40px; width: 100%; border:1px solid #ccc; border-top:none; border-bottom:none; box-sizing: content-box; }
.item{ height: 30px; line-height: 30px; text-align: center; color: #666; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc; cursor:pointer;}
.item:hover{ color:#0087dc; }
.u-list .type{ display: block; width: 100%; line-height: 38px; border:1px solid #ccc; text-align: center; color:#666; text-decoration: none; }
.u-list .type:after{ content: ''; position: absolute; width:0; height:0; border:8px solid transparent; border-top-color:#ccc; right:4px; top:16px;}
.u-inp input{ width: 100%; border:none; outline: none; height: 18px; line-height: 18px; color:#666; vertical-align: top; font-size: 14px; }
.u-btn .btn{ display: block; line-height: 40px; text-align: center; background-color: #0087dc; color:#fff; font-size: 16px; cursor:pointer; transition: background-color .3s;}
.u-btn .btn:hover{ background-color: #0060b2; }
.main{
margin: 0 auto;
width: 600px;
height: 250px;
background-color: #f7f7f7f7;
border-radius:10px;
}
h2{text-align: center;
height: 60px;
line-height: 60px;
background-color:#e7e7e7;
border-radius:10px 10px 0px 0px;}
.res{
margin-bottom: 0px;
background-color: #e7e7e7;
width: 600px;
height: 60px;
margin-top: 60px;
border-radius: 0px 0px 10px 10px;
text-align: center;
line-height: 30px;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="main">
<h2>DNS查询小工具</h2>
<div class="g-wrap clearfix">
<div class="u-list fl">
<a href="javascript:;" class="type" id="type" data-value="A">IPV4</a>
<ul id="list" class="list">
<li class="item" data-value="A">IPV4</li>
<li class="item" data-value="AAAA">IPV6</li>
<li class="item" data-value="CNAME">CNAME</li>
<li class="item" data-value="SOA">SOA</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="u-inp fl">
<input type="text" style="background-color:#f7f7f7f7; " class="host" id="host" placeholder="请输入域名">
</div>
<div class="u-btn fl">
<span class="btn" id="btn">查询</span>
</div>
</div>
<div id="res" class="res"></div>
</div>
<script>
function hide(el){
el.style.display = 'none';
}
function show(el){
el.style.display = 'block';
}
function dealResult(responseText){
var ips = [],
result = '';
ips = JSON.parse(responseText).ips;
if(Array.isArray(ips)){
result = ips.length > 0 ? ips.join('<br />') : '没有查询到结果';
}else if({}.toString.call(ips) === '[object Object]'){
result = JSON.stringify(ips);
}
res.innerHTML = result;
}
type.addEventListener('click',function(e){
e.stopPropagation();
show(list);
},!1);
[].slice.call(document.body.querySelectorAll('.item')).forEach(function(el,idx,arr){
el.addEventListener('click',function(e){
type.innerText = this.innerText;
type.dataset.value = this.dataset.value;
},!1);
});
document.body.addEventListener('click',function(e){
if(list.style.display === 'block'){ hide(list); }
},!1);
btn.addEventListener('click',function(e){
var hostname = host.value.trim(),
rrtype = type.dataset.value.toUpperCase();
if(hostname == '') return;
if(hostname.indexOf('http://') === 0) hostname = hostname.replace('http://','');
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest(),
method = "POST",
url = "/dnslookup";
xhr.open(method, url, true);
xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
if (xhr.readyState === XMLHttpRequest.DONE && xhr.status === 200) {
dealResult(xhr.responseText);
}
};
xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
xhr.send('host='+hostname+'&rrtype='+rrtype);
},!1);
</script>
</body>
</html>
第二步编写服务端代码,新建dnslookup.js,如下:
var http = require('http'),
url = require('url'),
dns = require('dns'),
qs = require('querystring'),
fs = require('fs');
function router(req,res,pathname){
switch(pathname){
case '/dnslookup':
lookup(req,res);
break;
default:
showIndex(req,res);
}
}
function showIndex(req,res){
var pagePath = __dirname+'/'+'dns-lookup.html';
var html = fs.readFileSync(pagePath);
res.end(html);
}
function lookup(req,res){
var postData = '';
req.on('data',function(data){
postData+=data;
});
req.on('end',function(data){
var json = qs.parse(postData);
var hostname = json.host;
var rrtype = json.rrtype;
dns.resolve(hostname,rrtype,function(err,adresses){
if(err){
res.end(JSON.stringify({errcode:1,ips:[]}));
}
res.end(JSON.stringify({errcode:0,ips:adresses}));
});
});
}
http.createServer(function(req,res){
var pathname = url.parse(req.url).pathname;
req.setEncoding("utf8");
res.writeHead(200,{'Content-Type':'text/html'});
router(req,res,pathname);
}).listen(3000,'127.0.0.1');
在跟目录运行:node dnslookup.js
效果图 :