vs2010新特性(下)

最新推荐文章于 2018-11-28 21:37:12 发布

weixin_33840661

最新推荐文章于 2018-11-28 21:37:12 发布

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文章标签： c#

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_33840661/article/details/85032622

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IL_0001: ldc.i4.s 10

IL_0003: stloc.0

IL_0004: ldc.r8 1.2

IL_000d: stloc.1

IL_000e: ldc.r4 1.1

IL_0013: stloc.2

IL_0014: ldc.i4.2

IL_0015: newarr [mscorlib]System.String

IL_001a: stloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_001c: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_001e: ldc.i4.0

IL_001f: ldstr "a"

IL_0024: stelem.ref

IL_0025: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0027: ldc.i4.1

IL_0028: ldstr "b"

IL_002d: stelem.ref

IL_002e: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0030: stloc.3

IL_0031: ret

} // end of method Program::Main

我们可以看到，在C# 中定义了几种类型，都是以var 定义的，并且都是方法内部的局部变量。但在IL 中我们会看到（红色代码）定义的局部变量会有准确的类型。

下面我们来看一下在vs2010 中，C#4.0 中的一个新的类型dynamic ，我们同样来定义一个方法：

static void Main()

{

var i = 10;

var d = 1.2;

var f = 1.1f;

var str = new string[] { "a", "b" };

dynamic i1 = 10;

dynamic d1 = 1.2;

dynamic f1 = 1.1f;

dynamic str1 = new string[] { "a", "b" };

}

再来看看他的IL

.method private hidebysig static void Main() cil managed

{

.entrypoint

// Code size 117 (0x75)

.maxstack 3

.locals init ([0] int32 i,

[1] float64 d,

[2] float32 f,

[3] string[] str,

[4] object i1,

[5] object d1,

[6] object f1,

[7] object str1,

[8] string[] CS$0$0000)

IL_0000: nop

IL_0001: ldc.i4.s 10

IL_0003: stloc.0

IL_0004: ldc.r8 1.2

IL_000d: stloc.1

IL_000e: ldc.r4 1.1

IL_0013: stloc.2

IL_0014: ldc.i4.2

IL_0015: newarr [mscorlib]System.String

IL_001a: stloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_001c: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_001e: ldc.i4.0

IL_001f: ldstr "a"

IL_0024: stelem.ref

IL_0025: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0027: ldc.i4.1

IL_0028: ldstr "b"

IL_002d: stelem.ref

IL_002e: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0030: stloc.3

IL_0031: ldc.i4.s 10

IL_0033: box [mscorlib]System.Int32

IL_0038: stloc.s i1

IL_003a: ldc.r8 1.2

IL_0043: box [mscorlib]System.Double

IL_0048: stloc.s d1

IL_004a: ldc.r4 1.1

IL_004f: box [mscorlib]System.Single

IL_0054: stloc.s f1

IL_0056: ldc.i4.2

IL_0057: newarr [mscorlib]System.String

IL_005c: stloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_005e: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0060: ldc.i4.0

IL_0061: ldstr "a"

IL_0066: stelem.ref

IL_0067: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0069: ldc.i4.1

IL_006a: ldstr "b"

IL_006f: stelem.ref

IL_0070: ldloc.s CS$0$0000

IL_0072: stloc.s str1

IL_0074: ret

} // end of method File::Main

我们看到C# 中的代码基本没变，就是把var 换成dynamic ，在IL 中，var 的没有变化，但用dynamic 定义的类型(红色代码部分) ，除了string[] 外都是object 类型，如果这样看来，dynamic 其不是就是object 吗？不是的，往下看，会发现每个类型在初始化时就个box ，就是装箱，装到dynamic 这种类型中了，看来dynamic 是个引用类型，是真的吗？

现在我们从装折箱角度来看一下这dynamic 与object 的区别。

static void Method()

{

int i = 10;

object o = i;

int j = (int)o;

dynamic d = i;

int k = (int)d;

}

来看一下IL ：

.method private hidebysig static void Method() cil managed

{

// Code size 89 (0x59)

.maxstack 4

.locals init ([0] int32 i,

[1] object o,

[2] int32 j,

[3] object d,

[4] int32 k)

IL_0000: nop

IL_0001: ldc.i4.s 10

IL_0003: stloc.0

IL_0004: ldloc.0

IL_0005: box [mscorlib]System.Int32

IL_000a: stloc.1

IL_000b: ldloc.1

IL_000c: unbox.any [mscorlib]System.Int32

IL_0011: stloc.2

IL_0012: ldloc.0

IL_0013: box [mscorlib]System.Int32

IL_0018: stloc.3

IL_0019: ldsfld class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>> ConsoleApplication2.File/'<Method>o__SiteContainer0'::'<>p__Site1'

IL_001e: brtrue.s IL_0041

IL_0020: call class [System.Core]Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.RuntimeBinder [System.Core]Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.RuntimeBinder::GetInstance()

IL_0025: ldtoken [mscorlib]System.Int32

IL_002a: call class [mscorlib]System.Type [mscorlib]System.Type::GetTypeFromHandle(valuetype [mscorlib]System.RuntimeTypeHandle)

IL_002f: ldc.i4.1

IL_0030: newobj instance void [System.Core]Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.CSharpConversionPayload::.ctor(class [System.Core]Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.RuntimeBinder,

class [mscorlib]System.Type,

valuetype [System.Core]Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.CSharpConversionPayload/ConversionKindEnum)

IL_0035: call class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<!0> class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>>::Create(class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSiteBinder)

IL_003a: stsfld class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>> ConsoleApplication2.File/'<Method>o__SiteContainer0'::'<>p__Site1'

IL_003f: br.s IL_0041

IL_0041: ldsfld class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>> ConsoleApplication2.File/'<Method>o__SiteContainer0'::'<>p__Site1'

IL_0046: ldfld !0 class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>>::Target

IL_004b: ldsfld class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite`1<class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>> ConsoleApplication2.File/'<Method>o__SiteContainer0'::'<>p__Site1'

IL_0050: ldloc.3

IL_0051: callvirt instance !2 class [System.Core]System.Func`3<class [System.Core]System.Scripting.Actions.CallSite,object,int32>::Invoke(!0,

!1)

IL_0056: stloc.s k

IL_0058: ret

} // end of method File::Method

我们会发现int i 到object o 是box ，object o 到int i 是unbox ，但dynamic d = i; int k = (int)d; 前一行代码是box ，但后一行就不是简单的unbox ，看来object 与dynamic 则是不同的，是一个全新的类型，当然低层做了很多工作。

var 与dynamic 还一个区别是应用范围，var 只能在类成员内部去应用，也就是来充当类成员的局部变量，但dynamic 的应用范围就大了，他和一个基本的类型是一样的，可以在有其他类型的任何地方应用。也就是我们的变量动态到任何地方了，不像var 只是在一定范围内。

dynamic 虽然简化了我们的定义，但这是以牺牲系统性能为代价的。所以大家最好能有准确的数据类型。

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vs2010新特性(下)

IL_0001: ldc.i4.s 10 IL_0003: stloc.0 IL_0004: ldc.r8 1.2 IL_000d: stloc.1 IL_000e: ldc.r4 1.1 IL_0013: stloc.2 IL_0014: ldc.i4.2 IL_0015: newarr [mscorlib]System.String...
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