go实例之函数

1、可变参数

　　示例代码如下：

 1 package main
 2 
 3 import "fmt"
 4 
 5 // Here's a function that will take an arbitrary number
 6 // of `ints` as arguments.
 7 func sum(nums ...int) {
 8     fmt.Print(nums, " ")
 9     total := 0
10     for _, num := range nums {
11         total += num
12     }
13     fmt.Println(total)
14 }
15 
16 func main() {
17 
18     // Variadic functions can be called in the usual way
19     // with individual arguments.
20     sum(1, 2)
21     sum(1, 2, 3)
22 
23     // If you already have multiple args in a slice,
24     // apply them to a variadic function using
25     // `func(slice...)` like this.
26     nums := []int{1, 2, 3, 4}
27     sum(nums...)
28 }

 　　执行上面代码，将得到以下输出结果

1 [1 2] 3
2 [1 2 3] 6
3 [1 2 3 4] 10

2、匿名函数

　　示例代码如下：

 1 package main
 2 
 3 import "fmt"
 4 
 5 // This function `intSeq` returns another function, which
 6 // we define anonymously in the body of `intSeq`. The
 7 // returned function _closes over_ the variable `i` to
 8 // form a closure.
 9 func intSeq() func() int {
10     i := 0
11     return func() int {
12         i += 1
13         return i
14     }
15 }
16 
17 func main() {
18 
19     // We call `intSeq`, assigning the result (a function)
20     // to `nextInt`. This function value captures its
21     // own `i` value, which will be updated each time
22     // we call `nextInt`.
23     nextInt := intSeq()
24 
25     // See the effect of the closure by calling `nextInt`
26     // a few times.
27     fmt.Println(nextInt())
28     fmt.Println(nextInt())
29     fmt.Println(nextInt())
30 
31     // To confirm that the state is unique to that
32     // particular function, create and test a new one.
33     newInts := intSeq()
34     fmt.Println(newInts())
35 }

　　执行上面代码，将得到以下输出结果

1 1
2 2
3 3
4 1

3、递归函数

　　示例代码如下：

 1 package main
 2 
 3 import "fmt"
 4 
 5 // This `fact` function calls itself until it reaches the
 6 // base case of `fact(0)`.
 7 func fact(n int) int {
 8     if n == 0 {
 9         return 1
10     }
11     return n * fact(n-1)
12 }
13 
14 func main() {
15     fmt.Println(fact(7))
16 }

　　这个fact()函数实际上是调用它自己本身，直到它达到fact(0)时结果退出。

相关链接：

　　Go可变参数的函数实例