if else流程判斷
getpass在pycharm中無法使用,在命令行窗口中進入python環境可以使用。
import getpass
username = input("username:")password = getpass.getpass("password:")
print(username,password)
python中縮進錯誤:
為什么python中強制縮進,因為python中不需要定義結束符。省去了結束符,子代碼強制縮進讓結構變得更清晰。
最外層代碼必須頂格寫,不然就會報縮進錯誤。
if else基礎程序舉例:
實例一:判斷用戶名密碼是否正確
_username = 'alex'
_password = 'abc123'
username = input("username:")
password = input("password:")
if _username == username and _password == password:
print("Welcom user {name} login...".format(name=username))
else:
print("Ivalid username or password")
實例二:猜年齡
# 猜年齡
age_of_oldboy = 56
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
while循環
#最簡單的while循環程序舉例
count = 0
while True:
print("count:",count)
count = count+1 #相當於count +=1
實例一:猜年齡
#猜年齡,共猜3次,如果3次內猜對也會結束程序
age_of_oldboy = 56
count = 0
while True:
if count == 3:
break
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
break
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
count +=1
實例二:對實例一代碼的優化
#猜年齡,共猜3次,如果3次內猜對也會結束程序
age_of_oldboy = 56
count = 0
while count < 3:
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
break
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
count +=1
實例三:增加人性化提示,輸入3次錯誤密碼后會得到提示:嘗試太多次了。
#猜年齡,共猜3次,如果3次內猜對也會結束程序,嘗試3次后得到提示:你嘗試的次數過多。
age_of_oldboy = 56
count = 0
while count < 3:
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
break
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
count +=1
if count == 3:
print("you have tried too many times...")
實例四:對實例三程序的優化。提示代碼的判斷可以直接用else。
#猜年齡,共猜3次,如果3次內猜對也會結束程序,嘗試3次后得到提示:你嘗試的次數過多。
age_of_oldboy = 56
count = 0
while count < 3:
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
break
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
count +=1
else:
print("you have tried too many times...")
for循環
實例一,最簡單的for循環程序
for i in range(10):
print("loop",i)
等於以下:
等於以下:
for i in range(0,10,1): #步長默認為1
print("loop",i)
i,臨時變量
range,相當於定義了(0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9) 每循環一次i按順序取值一次。
實例二:上節課中的while循環實例改為for循環:
#猜年齡,共猜3次,如果3次內猜對也會結束程序,嘗試3次后得到提示:你嘗試的次數過多。
age_of_oldboy = 56
for i in range(3):
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
break
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
else:
print("you have tried too many times...")
實例三,打印10以內的偶數:
for i in range(0,10,2): #2為步長
print("loop",i)
實例四,優化while猜年齡程序
#猜年齡,共猜3次,嘗試3次后詢問是否繼續,如果回答:n,則結束程序;其他則重新開始程序。
age_of_oldboy = 56
count = 0
while count < 3:
guess_age = int(input("guess age:"))
if guess_age == age_of_oldboy:
print("you got it!")
break
elif guess_age < age_of_oldboy:
print("think bigger...")
else:
print("think smaller...")
count +=1
if count ==3:
continue_confirm = input("do you want to keep guessing?")
if continue_confirm != "n":
count = 0
break和continue的區別,根據下面2段代碼,使用debug調試功能在pycharm中運行,觀察后得知
代碼一:
# continue的作用是結束本次循環,不會終止for循環
for i in range(0,10):
if i <3:
print("loop",i)
else:
continue
print("hehe...")
代碼二:
# break是結束當前循環
for i in range(0,10):
if i <3:
print("loop",i)
else:
break
print("hehe...")
循環嵌套
for i in range(0,10):
print("--------",i)
for j in range(10):
print(j)
if j >5:
break
查看輸出:小循環輸出0-6,大循環輸出0-9,brake只中斷當前循環。