mysql之 mysql数据库压力测试工具（mysqlslap）

mysqlslap是从MySQL的5.1.4版开始就开始官方提供的压力测试工具。通过模拟多个并发客户端并发访问MySQL来执行压力测试，同时提供了较详细的SQL执行数据性能报告，并且能很好的对比多个存储引擎（MyISAM，InnoDB等）在相同环境下的相同并发压力下的性能差别。

mysqlslap官方文档： https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/mysqlslap.html

Table 4.14 mysqlslap Options

Format	Description	Introduced
--auto-generate-sql	Generate SQL statements automatically when they are not supplied in files or using command options
--auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement	Add AUTO_INCREMENT column to automatically generated tables
--auto-generate-sql-execute-number	Specify how many queries to generate automatically
--auto-generate-sql-guid-primary	Add a GUID-based primary key to automatically generated tables
--auto-generate-sql-load-type	Specify the test load type
--auto-generate-sql-secondary-indexes	Specify how many secondary indexes to add to automatically generated tables
--auto-generate-sql-unique-query-number	How many different queries to generate for automatic tests.
--auto-generate-sql-unique-write-number	How many different queries to generate for --auto-generate-sql-write-number
--auto-generate-sql-write-number	How many row inserts to perform on each thread
--commit	How many statements to execute before committing.
--compress	Compress all information sent between client and server
--concurrency	Number of clients to simulate when issuing the SELECT statement
--create	File or string containing the statement to use for creating the table
--create-schema	Schema in which to run the tests
--csv	Generate output in comma-separated values format
--debug	Write debugging log
--debug-check	Print debugging information when program exits
--debug-info	Print debugging information, memory, and CPU statistics when program exits
--default-auth	Authentication plugin to use	5.6.2
--defaults-extra-file	Read named option file in addition to usual option files
--defaults-file	Read only named option file
--defaults-group-suffix	Option group suffix value
--delimiter	Delimiter to use in SQL statements
--detach	Detach (close and reopen) each connection after each N statements
--enable-cleartext-plugin	Enable cleartext authentication plugin	5.6.7
--engine	Storage engine to use for creating the table
--help	Display help message and exit
--host	Connect to MySQL server on given host
--iterations	Number of times to run the tests
--login-path	Read login path options from .mylogin.cnf	5.6.6
--no-defaults	Read no option files
--no-drop	Do not drop any schema created during the test run	5.6.3
--number-char-cols	Number of VARCHAR columns to use if --auto-generate-sql is specified
--number-int-cols	Number of INT columns to use if --auto-generate-sql is specified
--number-of-queries	Limit each client to approximately this number of queries
--only-print	Do not connect to databases. mysqlslap only prints what it would have done
--password	Password to use when connecting to server
--pipe	On Windows, connect to server using named pipe
--plugin-dir	Directory where plugins are installed	5.6.2
--port	TCP/IP port number to use for connection
--post-query	File or string containing the statement to execute after the tests have completed
--post-system	String to execute using system() after the tests have completed
--pre-query	File or string containing the statement to execute before running the tests
--pre-system	String to execute using system() before running the tests
--print-defaults	Print default options
--protocol	Connection protocol to use
--query	File or string containing the SELECT statement to use for retrieving data
--secure-auth	Do not send passwords to server in old (pre-4.1) format	5.6.17
--shared-memory-base-name	The name of shared memory to use for shared-memory connections
--silent	Silent mode
--socket	For connections to localhost, the Unix socket file to use
--ssl	Enable secure connection
--ssl-ca	Path of file that contains list of trusted SSL CAs
--ssl-capath	Path of directory that contains trusted SSL CA certificates in PEM format
--ssl-cert	Path of file that contains X509 certificate in PEM format
--ssl-cipher	List of permitted ciphers to use for connection encryption
--ssl-crl	Path of file that contains certificate revocation lists	5.6.3
--ssl-crlpath	Path of directory that contains certificate revocation list files	5.6.3
--ssl-key	Path of file that contains X509 key in PEM format
--ssl-mode	Security state of connection to server	5.6.30
--ssl-verify-server-cert	Verify server certificate Common Name value against host name used when connecting to server
--user	MySQL user name to use when connecting to server
--verbose	Verbose mode
--version	Display version information and exit

参数参考表：
--host=host_name, -h host_name  连接到的MySQL服务器的主机名（或IP地址），默认为本机localhost

--user=user_name, -u user_name  连接MySQL服务时用的用户名

--password[=password], -p[password]  连接MySQL服务时用的密码

--create-schema 代表自定义的测试库名称，测试的schema，MySQL中schema也就是database。

(没指定使用哪个数据库时，可能会遇到错误mysqlslap: Error when connecting to server: 1049 Unknown database  'mysqlslap' )

--query=name,-q 使用自定义脚本执行测试（可以是SQL字符串或脚本），例如可以调用自定义的一个存储过程或者sql语句来执行测试。

--create 创建表所需的SQL（可以是SQL字符串或脚本） 

--concurrency=N, -c N 表示并发量，也就是模拟多少个客户端同时执行query。可指定多个值，以逗号或者--delimiter参数指定的值做为分隔符。例如：--concurrency=100,200,500（分别执行100、200、500个并发）。

--iterations=N, -i N   测试执行的迭代次数，代表要在不同的并发环境中，各自运行测试多少次；多次运行以便让结果更加准确。

--number-of-queries=N 总的测试查询次数(并发客户数×每客户查询次数)

--engine=engine_name, -e engine_name 代表要测试的引擎，可以有多个，用分隔符隔开。例如：--engine=myisam,innodb,memory。

--auto-generate-sql, -a 自动生成测试表和数据，表示用mysqlslap工具自己生成的SQL脚本来测试并发压力。

--auto-generate-sql-load- type = type  测试语句的类型。代表要测试的环境是读操作还是写操作还是两者混合的。取值包括： read  (scan tables), write (insert into tables), key ( read  primary keys), update (update primary keys), or mixed (half inserts, half scanning selects). 默认值是：mixed.

--auto-generate-sql-add-auto-increment 代表对生成的表自动添加auto_increment列，从5.1.18版本开始支持。 

--number-char-cols=N, -x N 自动生成的测试表中包含多少个字符类型的列，默认1

--number-int-cols=N, -y N 自动生成的测试表中包含多少个数字类型的列，默认1

--commint=N 多少条DML后提交一次。

--compress, -C 如果服务器和客户端支持都压缩，则压缩信息传递。

--only-print 只打印测试语句而不实际执行。

--detach=N 执行N条语句后断开重连。

--debug-info, -T 打印内存和CPU的相关信息。

mysqlslap的运行有如下3个步骤：
1. 创建schema、table、test data 等 （在MySQL中，schema就是database）；
2. 运行负载测试，可以使用多个并发客户端连接；
3. 测试环境清理（删除创建的数据、表等）。

案例：

[root@mysql ~]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries 1000 --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --number-char-cols=10 --number-int-cols=5 -poracle
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Benchmark
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.775 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.775 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.775 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 20

Benchmark
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.984 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.984 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.984 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 10

[root@mysql ~]# mysqlslap -a --concurrency=50,100 --number-of-queries 1000 --auto-generate-sql-add-autoincrement --number-char-cols=10 --number-int-cols=5 --engine=myisam,innodb -poracle
Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.117 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.117 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.117 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 20

Benchmark
Running for engine myisam
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 0.129 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.129 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 0.129 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 10

Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.665 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.665 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.665 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 50
Average number of queries per client: 20

Benchmark
Running for engine innodb
Average number of seconds to run all queries: 1.480 seconds
Minimum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.480 seconds
Maximum number of seconds to run all queries: 1.480 seconds
Number of clients running queries: 100
Average number of queries per client: 10