Assembly Language 学习----寄存器

TO assembly 程序猿:

寄存器是CPU中我们可以用指令读写的部件。(通过改变各种寄存器中的内容来实现对CPU的控制)


8086CPU有14个寄存器(AX、BX、CX、DX、SI、DI、SP、BP、IP、CS、SS、DS、ES、PSW),但这里不进行一次性的介绍。还是那个原则:需要用到哪些寄存器,再介绍那些寄存器

通用Register

8086CPU所有寄存器都是16位的,可存放两个字节(一个字节=8bits)
AX、BX、CX、DX这四个寄存器通常用来存放一般性的数据,被称为通用寄存器。由于8086CPU上一代版本中的Register是8位的,为保证兼容(通俗的偷懒),使原来具有上代CPU编写的程序稍加修改就可以运行在8086之上,8086CPU的AX、BX、CX、DXRegister都可以分为两个独立的8位Register来使用:

  • AX-【AH,AL】BX-【BH,BL】CX-【CH,CL】DX-【DH,DL】


以AX为例:图片描述

低八(0~7位)构成AL,高八位(8~15)构成AH。
汇编指令:
通过汇编指令控制CPU进行工作,举例:
汇编指令:mov ax,18
控制CPU完成的操作:将18送入寄存器AX
用高级语言的语法描述:AX=18

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2) Who uses ARM? Currently ARM CPU is licensed and produced by more than 100 companies and is the dominant CPU chip in both cell phones and tablets. Given its RISC architecture and powerful 32-bit instructions set, it can be used for both 8-bit and 32-bit embedded products. The ARM corp. has already defined the 64-bit instruction extension and for that reason many Laptop and Server manufactures are planning to introduce ARM-based Laptop and Servers. 3) Who will use our textbook? The primary audience of our textbook on ARM (ARM Assembly Language Programming & Architecture by Mazidi & Naimi) is undergraduate engineering students in Electrical and Computer Engineering departments. It can also be used by practicing engineers who need to move away from 8- and 16-bit legacy chips such as the 8051, AVR, PIC and HCS08/12 family of microcontrollers to ARM. Designers of the x86-based systems wanting to design ARM-based products can also benefit from this textbook. Table of Contents Chapter 1: The History of ARM and Microcontrollers Chapter 2: ARM Architecture and Assembly Language Programming Chapter 3: Arithmetic and Logic Instructions and Programs Chapter 4: Branch, Call, and Looping in ARM Chapter 5: Signed Numbers and IEEE 754 Floating Point Chapter 6: ARM Memory Map, Memory Access, and Stack Chapter 7: ARM Pipeline and CPU Evolution Appendix A: ARM Cortex-M3 Instruction Description Appendix B: ARM Assembler Directives Appendix C: Macros Appendix D: Flowcharts and Pseudocode Appendix E: Passing Arguments into Functions Appendix F: ASCII Codes
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