Spring|JDBC框架

最新推荐文章于 2023-03-07 23:40:24 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2023-03-07 23:40:24 发布

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文章标签：数据库 java

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/maikucha/p/9444286.html

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在使用普通的JDBC数据库时，就会很麻烦的写不必要的代码来处理异常、打开和关闭数据库连接等。但 Spring JDBC 框架负责所有的底层细节，从开始打开连接、准备和执行 SQL 语句、处理异常、处理事务到最后关闭连接。

举一个简单的JdbcTemplate应用的例子，以后再进行详细说明。

【举例】

数据库：sqlserver

CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student](
    [id] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
    [name] [varchar](20) NOT NULL,
    [age] [int] NOT NULL
)

pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>com.my</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringStudy</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <spring.version>4.1.6.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <!--spring-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>${spring.version}</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- AspectJ -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.11</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
            <artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
            <version>1.6.11</version>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>cglib</groupId>
            <artifactId>cglib</artifactId>
            <version>2.1</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--c3p0-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.microsoft.sqlserver</groupId>
            <artifactId>sqljdbc4</artifactId>
            <version>4.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

</project>

Beans.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">

    <!-- Initialization for data source -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">
        <!-- 使用外部属性文件的属性 -->
        <property name="user" value="sa"></property>
        <property name="password" value="123"></property>
        <property name="driverClass" value="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"></property>
        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=TEST"></property>
        <property name="initialPoolSize" value="5"></property>
        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="10"></property>
    </bean>

     <!--Definition for studentJDBCTemplate bean-->
    <bean id="studentJDBCTemplate" class="com.my.StudentJDBCTemplate">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

程序：

package com.my;

/**
 * @Author jyy
 * @Description {}
 * @Date 2018/8/8 16:40
 */
public class Student {

    private Integer age;
    private String name;
    private Integer id;
    public void setAge(Integer age) {
        this.age = age;
    }
    public Integer getAge() {
        return age;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }
}

package com.my;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author jyy
 * @Description {}
 * @Date 2018/8/8 16:39
 */
public interface StudentDAO {

    /**
     * This is the method to be used to initialize
     * database resources ie. connection.
     */
    public void setDataSource(DataSource ds);
    /**
     * This is the method to be used to create
     * a record in the Student table.
     */
    public void create(String name, Integer age);
    /**
     * This is the method to be used to list down
     * a record from the Student table corresponding
     * to a passed student id.
     */
    public Student getStudent(Integer id);
    /**
     * This is the method to be used to list down
     * all the records from the Student table.
     */
    public List<Student> listStudents();
    /**
     * This is the method to be used to delete
     * a record from the Student table corresponding
     * to a passed student id.
     */
    public void delete(Integer id);
    /**
     * This is the method to be used to update
     * a record into the Student table.
     */
    public void update(Integer id, Integer age);
}

package com.my;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author jyy
 * @Description {}
 * @Date 2018/8/8 16:42
 */
public class StudentJDBCTemplate implements StudentDAO {

    private DataSource dataSource;
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplateObject;
    public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) {
        this.dataSource = dataSource;
        this.jdbcTemplateObject = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource);
    }
    public void create(String name, Integer age) {
        String SQL = "insert into Student (name, age) values (?, ?)";
        jdbcTemplateObject.update( SQL, name, age);
        System.out.println("Created Record Name = " + name + " Age = " + age);
        return;
    }
    public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
        String SQL = "select * from Student where id = ?";
        Student student = jdbcTemplateObject.queryForObject(SQL,
                new Object[]{id}, new StudentMapper());
        return student;
    }
    public List<Student> listStudents() {
        String SQL = "select * from Student";
        List<Student> students = jdbcTemplateObject.query(SQL,
                new StudentMapper());
        return students;
    }
    public void delete(Integer id){
        String SQL = "delete from Student where id = ?";
        jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, id);
        System.out.println("Deleted Record with ID = " + id );
        return;
    }
    public void update(Integer id, Integer age){
        String SQL = "update Student set age = ? where id = ?";
        jdbcTemplateObject.update(SQL, age, id);
        System.out.println("Updated Record with ID = " + id );
        return;
    }
}

package com.my;

import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper;

import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

/**
 * @Author jyy
 * @Description {}
 * @Date 2018/8/8 16:41
 */
public class StudentMapper  implements RowMapper<Student> {

    public Student mapRow(ResultSet rs, int rowNum) throws SQLException {
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(rs.getInt("id"));
        student.setName(rs.getString("name"));
        student.setAge(rs.getInt("age"));
        return student;
    }
}

package com.my;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import javax.sql.DataSource;
import java.util.List;

/**
 * @Author jyy
 * @Description {}
 * @Date 2018/7/13 10:06
 */
public class MainApp {

    @Autowired
    static DataSource dataSource;
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("Beans.xml");
        StudentJDBCTemplate studentJDBCTemplate = (StudentJDBCTemplate) context.getBean("studentJDBCTemplate");
        System.out.println("------Records Creation--------");
        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Zara", 11);
        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Nuha", 2);
        studentJDBCTemplate.create("Ayan", 15);
        System.out.println("------Listing Multiple Records--------");
        List<Student> students = studentJDBCTemplate.listStudents();
        for (Student record : students) {
            System.out.print("ID : " + record.getId());
            System.out.print(", Name : " + record.getName());
            System.out.println(", Age : " + record.getAge());
        }
        System.out.println("----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----");
        studentJDBCTemplate.update(2, 20);
        System.out.println("----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----");
        Student student = studentJDBCTemplate.getStudent(2);
        System.out.print("ID : " + student.getId());
        System.out.print(", Name : " + student.getName());
        System.out.println(", Age : " + student.getAge());

    }
}

输出结果：

------Records Creation--------
Created Record Name = Zara Age = 11
Created Record Name = Nuha Age = 2
Created Record Name = Ayan Age = 15
------Listing Multiple Records--------
ID : 1, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 20
ID : 3, Name : Ayan, Age : 15
ID : 4, Name : Zara, Age : 11
ID : 5, Name : Nuha, Age : 2
ID : 6, Name : Ayan, Age : 15
----Updating Record with ID = 2 -----
Updated Record with ID = 2
----Listing Record with ID = 2 -----
ID : 2, Name : Nuha, Age : 20