在前面一篇文章中，我们分析了Android系统在启动时安装应用程序的过程，这些应用程序安装好之后，还须要有一个Home应用程序来负责把它们在桌面上展示出来，在Android系统中，这个默认的Home应用程序就是Launcher了，本文将详细分析Launcher应用程序的启动过程。
Android系统的Home应用程序Launcher是由ActivityManagerService启动的，而ActivityManagerService和PackageManagerService一样，都是在开机时由SystemServer组件启动的，SystemServer组件首先是启动ePackageManagerServic，由它来负责安装系统的应用程序，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析，系统中的应用程序安装好了以后，SystemServer组件接下来就要通过ActivityManagerService来启动Home应用程序Launcher了，Launcher在启动的时候便会通过PackageManagerServic把系统中已经安装好的应用程序以快捷图标的形式展示在桌面上，这样用户就能够使用这些应用程序了，整个步骤例如以下图所看到的：
以下详细分析每个步骤。
Step 1. SystemServer.main
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 1。
Step 2. SystemServer.init1
这个函数是一个JNI方法，实如今 frameworks/base/services/jni/com_android_server_SystemServer.cpp文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 2。
Step 3. libsystem_server.system_init
函数system_init实如今libsystem_server库中，源码位于frameworks/base/cmds/system_server/library/system_init.cpp文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 3。
Step 4. AndroidRuntime.callStatic
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/core/jni/AndroidRuntime.cpp文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 4。
Step 5. SystemServer.init2
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 5。
Step 6. ServerThread.run
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/SystemServer.java文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 6。
Step 7. ActivityManagerService.main这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里：
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
......
public static final Context main(int factoryTest) {
AThread thr = new AThread();
thr.start();
synchronized (thr) {
while (thr.mService == null) {
try {
thr.wait();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
}
ActivityManagerService m = thr.mService;
mSelf = m;
ActivityThread at = ActivityThread.systemMain();
mSystemThread = at;
Context context = at.getSystemContext();
m.mContext = context;
m.mFactoryTest = factoryTest;
m.mMainStack = new ActivityStack(m, context, true);
m.mBatteryStatsService.publish(context);
m.mUsageStatsService.publish(context);
synchronized (thr) {
thr.mReady = true;
thr.notifyAll();
}
m.startRunning(null, null, null, null);
return context;
}
......
}Step 8. PackageManagerService.main
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/PackageManagerService.java文件里，详细能够參考前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析的Step 7。运行完这一步之后，系统中的应用程序的全部信息都保存在PackageManagerService中了，后面Home应用程序Launcher启动起来后，就会把PackageManagerService中的应用程序信息取出来，然后以快捷图标的形式展示在桌面上，后面我们将会看到这个过程。
Step 9. ActivityManagerService.setSystemProcess
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里：
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
......
public static void setSystemProcess() {
try {
ActivityManagerService m = mSelf;
ServiceManager.addService("activity", m);
ServiceManager.addService("meminfo", new MemBinder(m));
if (MONITOR_CPU_USAGE) {
ServiceManager.addService("cpuinfo", new CpuBinder(m));
}
ServiceManager.addService("permission", new PermissionController(m));
ApplicationInfo info =
mSelf.mContext.getPackageManager().getApplicationInfo(
"android", STOCK_PM_FLAGS);
mSystemThread.installSystemApplicationInfo(info);
synchronized (mSelf) {
ProcessRecord app = mSelf.newProcessRecordLocked(
mSystemThread.getApplicationThread(), info,
info.processName);
app.persistent = true;
app.pid = MY_PID;
app.maxAdj = SYSTEM_ADJ;
mSelf.mProcessNames.put(app.processName, app.info.uid, app);
synchronized (mSelf.mPidsSelfLocked) {
mSelf.mPidsSelfLocked.put(app.pid, app);
}
mSelf.updateLruProcessLocked(app, true, true);
}
} catch (PackageManager.NameNotFoundException e) {
throw new RuntimeException(
"Unable to find android system package", e);
}
}
......
}Step 10. ActivityManagerService.systemReady
这个函数是在上面的Step 6中的ServerThread.run函数在将系统中的一系列服务都初始化完成之后才调用的，它定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里：
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
......
public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback) {
......
synchronized (this) {
......
mMainStack.resumeTopActivityLocked(null);
}
}
......
}Step 11. ActivityStack.resumeTopActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件里：
public class ActivityStack {
......
final boolean resumeTopActivityLocked(ActivityRecord prev) {
// Find the first activity that is not finishing.
ActivityRecord next = topRunningActivityLocked(null);
......
if (next == null) {
// There are no more activities! Let's just start up the
// Launcher...
if (mMainStack) {
return mService.startHomeActivityLocked();
}
}
......
}
......
}Step 12. ActivityManagerService.startHomeActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityManagerServcie.java文件里：
public final class ActivityManagerService extends ActivityManagerNative
implements Watchdog.Monitor, BatteryStatsImpl.BatteryCallback {
......
boolean startHomeActivityLocked() {
......
Intent intent = new Intent(
mTopAction,
mTopData != null ? Uri.parse(mTopData) : null);
intent.setComponent(mTopComponent);
if (mFactoryTest != SystemServer.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL) {
intent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);
}
ActivityInfo aInfo =
intent.resolveActivityInfo(mContext.getPackageManager(),
STOCK_PM_FLAGS);
if (aInfo != null) {
intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(
aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName, aInfo.name));
// Don't do this if the home app is currently being
// instrumented.
ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(aInfo.processName,
aInfo.applicationInfo.uid);
if (app == null || app.instrumentationClass == null) {
intent.setFlags(intent.getFlags() | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
mMainStack.startActivityLocked(null, intent, null, null, 0, aInfo,
null, null, 0, 0, 0, false, false);
}
}
return true;
}
......
}<manifest
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
package="com.android.launcher"
android:sharedUserId="@string/sharedUserId"
>
......
<application
android:name="com.android.launcher2.LauncherApplication"
android:process="@string/process"
android:label="@string/application_name"
android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher_home">
<activity
android:name="com.android.launcher2.Launcher"
android:launchMode="singleTask"
android:clearTaskOnLaunch="true"
android:stateNotNeeded="true"
android:theme="@style/Theme"
android:screenOrientation="nosensor"
android:windowSoftInputMode="stateUnspecified|adjustPan">
<intent-filter>
<action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.HOME" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
<category android:name="android.intent.category.MONKEY"/>
</intent-filter>
</activity>
......
</application>
</manifest>因此，这里就返回com.android.launcher2.Launcher这个Activity了。因为是第一次启动这个Activity，接下来调用函数getProcessRecordLocked返回来的ProcessRecord值为null，于是，就调用mMainStack.startActivityLocked函数启动com.android.launcher2.Launcher这个Activity了，这里的mMainStack是一个ActivityStack类型的成员变量。
Step 13. ActivityStack.startActivityLocked
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/am/ActivityStack.java文件里，详细能够參考Android应用程序启动过程源码分析一文，这里就不详述了，在我们这个场景中，调用这个函数的最后结果就是把com.android.launcher2.Launcher启动起来，接着调用它的onCreate函数。
Step 14. Launcher.onCreate
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/Launcher.java文件里：
public final class Launcher extends Activity
implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher {
......
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
......
if (!mRestoring) {
mModel.startLoader(this, true);
}
......
}
......
}Step 15. LauncherModel.startLoader
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里：
public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver {
......
public void startLoader(Context context, boolean isLaunching) {
......
synchronized (mLock) {
......
// Don't bother to start the thread if we know it's not going to do anything
if (mCallbacks != null && mCallbacks.get() != null) {
// If there is already one running, tell it to stop.
LoaderTask oldTask = mLoaderTask;
if (oldTask != null) {
if (oldTask.isLaunching()) {
// don't downgrade isLaunching if we're already running
isLaunching = true;
}
oldTask.stopLocked();
}
mLoaderTask = new LoaderTask(context, isLaunching);
sWorker.post(mLoaderTask);
}
}
}
......
}Step 16. LoaderTask.run
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里：
public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver {
......
private class LoaderTask implements Runnable {
......
public void run() {
......
keep_running: {
......
// second step
if (loadWorkspaceFirst) {
......
loadAndBindAllApps();
} else {
......
}
......
}
......
}
......
}
......
} Step 17. LoaderTask.loadAndBindAllApps
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里：
public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver {
......
private class LoaderTask implements Runnable {
......
private void loadAndBindAllApps() {
......
if (!mAllAppsLoaded) {
loadAllAppsByBatch();
if (mStopped) {
return;
}
mAllAppsLoaded = true;
} else {
onlyBindAllApps();
}
}
......
}
......
} Step 18. LoaderTask.loadAllAppsByBatch
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/LauncherModel.java文件里：
public class LauncherModel extends BroadcastReceiver {
......
private class LoaderTask implements Runnable {
......
private void loadAllAppsByBatch() {
......
final Intent mainIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null);
mainIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER);
final PackageManager packageManager = mContext.getPackageManager();
List<ResolveInfo> apps = null;
int N = Integer.MAX_VALUE;
int startIndex;
int i=0;
int batchSize = -1;
while (i < N && !mStopped) {
if (i == 0) {
mAllAppsList.clear();
......
apps = packageManager.queryIntentActivities(mainIntent, 0);
......
N = apps.size();
......
if (mBatchSize == 0) {
batchSize = N;
} else {
batchSize = mBatchSize;
}
......
Collections.sort(apps,
new ResolveInfo.DisplayNameComparator(packageManager));
}
startIndex = i;
for (int j=0; i<N && j<batchSize; j++) {
// This builds the icon bitmaps.
mAllAppsList.add(new ApplicationInfo(apps.get(i), mIconCache));
i++;
}
final boolean first = i <= batchSize;
final Callbacks callbacks = tryGetCallbacks(oldCallbacks);
final ArrayList<ApplicationInfo> added = mAllAppsList.added;
mAllAppsList.added = new ArrayList<ApplicationInfo>();
mHandler.post(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
final long t = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
if (callbacks != null) {
if (first) {
callbacks.bindAllApplications(added);
} else {
callbacks.bindAppsAdded(added);
}
......
} else {
......
}
}
});
......
}
......
}
......
}
......
} final Intent mainIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN, null);
mainIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER); final PackageManager packageManager = mContext.getPackageManager();下一步就是通过这个PackageManagerService.queryIntentActivities接口来取回全部Action类型为Intent.ACTION_MAIN，而且Category类型为Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER的Activity了。
我们先进入到PackageManagerService.queryIntentActivities函数中看看是怎样获得这些Activity的，然后再回到这个函数中来看其余操作。
Step 19. PackageManagerService.queryIntentActivities
这个函数定义在frameworks/base/services/java/com/android/server/PackageManagerService.java文件里：
class PackageManagerService extends IPackageManager.Stub {
......
public List<ResolveInfo> queryIntentActivities(Intent intent,
String resolvedType, int flags) {
......
synchronized (mPackages) {
String pkgName = intent.getPackage();
if (pkgName == null) {
return (List<ResolveInfo>)mActivities.queryIntent(intent,
resolvedType, flags);
}
......
}
......
}
......
}回顾前面一篇文章Android应用程序安装过程源码分析，系统在前面的Step 8中启动PackageManagerService时，会把系统中的应用程序都解析一遍，然后把解析得到的Activity都保存在mActivities变量中，这里通过这个mActivities变量的queryIntent函数返回符合条件intent的Activity，这里要返回的便是Action类型为Intent.ACTION_MAIN，而且Category类型为Intent.CATEGORY_LAUNCHER的Activity了。
回到Step 18中的 LoaderTask.loadAllAppsByBatch函数中，从queryIntentActivities函数调用处返回所要求的Activity后，便调用函数tryGetCallbacks(oldCallbacks)得到一个返CallBack接口，这个接口是由Launcher类实现的，接着调用这个接口的.bindAllApplications函数来进一步操作。注意，这里又是通过消息来处理载入应用程序的操作的。
Step 20. Launcher.bindAllApplications
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/Launcher.java文件里：
public final class Launcher extends Activity
implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher {
......
private AllAppsView mAllAppsGrid;
......
public void bindAllApplications(ArrayList<ApplicationInfo> apps) {
mAllAppsGrid.setApps(apps);
}
......
}Step 21. AllApps2D.setApps
这个函数定义在packages/apps/Launcher2/src/com/android/launcher2/AllApps2D.java文件里：
public class AllApps2D
extends RelativeLayout
implements AllAppsView,
AdapterView.OnItemClickListener,
AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener,
View.OnKeyListener,
DragSource {
......
public void setApps(ArrayList<ApplicationInfo> list) {
mAllAppsList.clear();
addApps(list);
}
public void addApps(ArrayList<ApplicationInfo> list) {
final int N = list.size();
for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
final ApplicationInfo item = list.get(i);
int index = Collections.binarySearch(mAllAppsList, item,
LauncherModel.APP_NAME_COMPARATOR);
if (index < 0) {
index = -(index+1);
}
mAllAppsList.add(index, item);
}
mAppsAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
}
......
}到了这里，系统默认的Home应用程序Launcher就把PackageManagerService中的应用程序载入进来了，当我们在屏幕上点击以下这个图标时，就会把刚才载入好的应用程序以图标的形式展示出来了：
点击这个button时，便会响应Launcher.onClick函数：
public final class Launcher extends Activity
implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher {
......
public void onClick(View v) {
Object tag = v.getTag();
if (tag instanceof ShortcutInfo) {
......
} else if (tag instanceof FolderInfo) {
......
} else if (v == mHandleView) {
if (isAllAppsVisible()) {
......
} else {
showAllApps(true);
}
}
}
......
}public final class Launcher extends Activity
implements View.OnClickListener, OnLongClickListener, LauncherModel.Callbacks, AllAppsView.Watcher {
......
void showAllApps(boolean animated) {
mAllAppsGrid.zoom(1.0f, animated);
((View) mAllAppsGrid).setFocusable(true);
((View) mAllAppsGrid).requestFocus();
// TODO: fade these two too
mDeleteZone.setVisibility(View.GONE);
}
......
}
当点击上面的这些应用程序图标时，便会响应AllApps2D.onItemClick函数：
public class AllApps2D
extends RelativeLayout
implements AllAppsView,
AdapterView.OnItemClickListener,
AdapterView.OnItemLongClickListener,
View.OnKeyListener,
DragSource {
......
public void onItemClick(AdapterView parent, View v, int position, long id) {
ApplicationInfo app = (ApplicationInfo) parent.getItemAtPosition(position);
mLauncher.startActivitySafely(app.intent, app);
}
......
}
这里的成员变量mLauncher的类型为Launcher，于是就调用Launcher.startActivitySafely函数来启动应用程序了，这个过程详细能够參考Android应用程序启动过程源码分析一文。
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