OpenWRT之HelloWorld

    前些日子又搞起了OpenWRT，之前一直只是使用shell或者Lua实现自己的想法，随着C渐渐使用的顺畅了，打算学习下OpenWRT上程序的编写以及交叉编译。
首先列下目录结构

1. lee@ubuntu:~/OpenWrt-SDK-ar71xx-for-linux-i486-gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2/package$ tree

2. .

3. |-- hiOpenWRT

4. |   |-- Makefile

5. |   `-- src

6. |       |-- hiOpenwrt.c

7. |       `-- Makefile

8. |-- Makefile

9. `-- rules.mk

    这是在OpenWRT-SDK/package下的文件结构，需要自己建的目录有hiOpenwrt/ 和hiOpenwrt/src/ ；需要自己建的文件有:
src下的hiOpenwrt.c

1. #include <stdlib.h>
   

2. #include <stdio.h>
   

3. int main(void){
   

4.     printf("Hi,OpenWRT!\n");
   

5.     return 0;
   

6. }

src下Makefile：src下Makefile：

1. # build hiOpenwrt executable when user executes "make"

2. hiOpenwrt: hiOpenwrt.o

3. $(CC) $(LDFLAGS) hiOpenwrt.o -o hiOpenwrt

4. 
   

5. hiOpenwrt.o: hiOpenwrt.c

6. $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -c hiOpenwrt.c

7. 
   

8. #remove object files and executable when user executes "make clean"

9. clean:

10. rm *.o hiOpenwrt

当然，在hiOpenwrt/Makefile也需要写，只不过这个要求比较多，格式如下：

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. #-----官方文档如下

2. This is the OpenWrt SDK. It contains a stripped-down version of the buildroot. You can use it to test/develop packages without having to compile your own toolchain or any of the libraries included with OpenWrt.

3. To use it, just put your buildroot-compatible package directory in the subdir 'package/' and run 'make' from this directory.

4. 
   

5. 
   

6. #------ OPENWRT集成非官方包之Makefile规则

7. include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk

8. 
   

9. 
   

10. PKG_NAME:=[软件包名字 和文件夹名称一样]

11. PKG_VERSION:=[软件包版本 自己写个]

12. PKG_RELEASE:=1

13. PKG_BUILD_DIR := $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PKG_NAME)

14. include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk

15. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)

16. SECTION:=utils

17. CATEGORY:=[软件包在menuconfig里的位置 比如Base system]

18. DEPENDS:=[依赖包 两个之间通过空格分隔 前面加+为默认显示 选中该软件包自动选中依赖包 不加+为默认不显示 选中依赖包才显示]

19. TITLE:=[标题]

20. PKGARCH:=[平台 比如ar71xx 全部写all]

21. MAINTAINER:=[作者]

22. endef

23. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)/description

24. [软件包简介]

25. endef

26. 
    

27. #非本目录下的源码文件, 拷贝到此相应目录下.

28. 
    

29. # 如../../xucommon/xucommon.c, 则将 xucommon.c 拷贝到此目录下的源码的 ../../

30. define Build/Prepare

31. mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)

32. $(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/

33. endef

34. 
    

35. define Build/Configure

36. endef

37. 
    

38. define Build/Compile

39. endef

40. 
    

41. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)/conffiles

42. [升级时保留文件/备份时备份文件 一个文件一行]

43. endef

44. 
    

45. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)/install

46. $(CP) ./files/* $(1)/

47. endef

48. 
    

49. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)/preinst

50. [安装前执行的脚本 记得加上#!/bin/sh 没有就空着]

51. #!/bin/sh

52. uci -q batch <<-EOF >/dev/null

53. delete ucitrack.@aria2[-1]

54. add ucitrack aria2

55. set ucitrack.@aria2[-1].init=aria2

56. commit ucitrack

57. EOF

58. exit 0

59. endef

60. 
    

61. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)/postinst

62. [安装后执行的脚本 记得加上#!/bin/sh 没有就空着]

63. #!/bin/sh

64. rm -f /tmp/luci-indexcache

65. exit 0

66. endef

67. 
    

68. Package/$(PKG_NAME)/prerm

69. [删除前执行的脚本 记得加上#!/bin/sh 没有就空着]

70. endef

71. Package/$(PKG_NAME)/postrm

72. [删除后执行的脚本 记得加上#!/bin/sh 没有就空着]

73. endef

74. $(eval $(call BuildPackage,$(PKG_NAME)))

自己的hiOpenwrt的Makefile自己的hiOpenwrt的Makefile

点击(此处)折叠或打开

1. ##############################################

2. # OpenWrtMakefile for hiOpenwrt program

3. #

4. #

5. # Most ofthe variables used here are defined in

6. # theinclude directives below. We just need to

7. # specifya basic description of the package,

8. # whereto build our program, where to find

9. # thesource files, and where to install the

10. # compiled program on the router.

11. #

12. # Be verycareful of spacing in this file.

13. # Indentsshould be tabs, not spaces, and

14. # thereshould be no trailing whitespace in

15. # linesthat are not commented.

16. #

17. ##############################################

18. include $(TOPDIR)/rules.mk

19. # Nameand release number of this package

20. PKG_NAME:=hiOpenWRT

21. PKG_RELEASE:=1

22. 
    

23. # Thisspecifies the directory where we're going to build the program.

24. # Theroot build directory, $(BUILD_DIR), is by default the build_mipsel

25. #directory in your OpenWrt SDK directory

26. PKG_BUILD_DIR:= $(BUILD_DIR)/$(PKG_NAME)

27. 
    

28. include $(INCLUDE_DIR)/package.mk

29. 
    

30. # Specifypackage information for this program.

31. # Thevariables defined here should be self explanatory.

32. # If youare running Kamikaze, delete the DESCRIPTION

33. #variable below and uncomment the Kamikaze define

34. # directivefor the description below

35. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)

36. SECTION:=utils

37. CATEGORY:=Utilities

38. TITLE:=hiOpenwrt-- prints a snarky message

39. endef

40. 
    

41. # Specifywhat needs to be done to prepare for building the package.

42. # In ourcase, we need to copy the source files to the build directory.

43. # This isNOT the default.  The default uses thePKG_SOURCE_URL and the

44. #PKG_SOURCE which is not defined here to download the source from the web.

45. # Inorder to just build a simple program that we have just written, it is

46. # mucheasier to do it this way.

47. define Build/Prepare

48. mkdir -p $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)

49. $(CP) ./src/* $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/

50. endef

51. 
    

52. 
    

53. # We donot need to define Build/Configure or Build/Compile directives

54. # Thedefaults are appropriate for compiling a simple program such as this one

55. 
    

56. 
    

57. # Specifywhere and how to install the program. Since we only have one file,

58. # thehelloworld executable, install it by copying it to the /bin directory on

59. # therouter. The $(1) variable represents the root directory on the router running

60. #OpenWrt. The $(INSTALL_DIR) variable contains a command to prepare the install

61. #directory if it does not already exist. Likewise $(INSTALL_BIN) contains the

62. # commandto copy the binary file from its current location (in our case the build

63. #directory) to the install directory.

64. define Package/$(PKG_NAME)/install

65. $(INSTALL_DIR) $(1)/bin

66. $(INSTALL_BIN) $(PKG_BUILD_DIR)/hiOpenwrt $(1)/bin/

67. endef

68. 
    

69. 
    

70. # Thisline executes the necessary commands to compile our program.

71. # Theabove define directives specify all the information needed, but this

72. # linecalls BuildPackage which in turn actually uses this information to

73. # build apackage.

74. $(eval $(call BuildPackage,$(PKG_NAME)))

生成ipk的命令：

1. make package/hiOpenWRT/compile V=s

加上V=s的目的是为了详细打印。

生成出来的ipk文件将在bin/ar71xx/packages/下，同时，也可以在build_dir/ build_dir/下找到可执行文件以及源码。

1. lee@ubuntu:~/OpenWrt-SDK-ar71xx-for-linux-i486-gcc-4.6-linaro_uClibc-0.9.33.2$ tree | head -n 20

2. .

3. |-- bin

4. |   |-- ar71xx

5. |   |   `-- packages

6. |   |       `-- hiOpenWRT_1_ar71xx.ipk

7. |   `-- packages

8. |-- build_dir

9. |   `-- build_dir

10. |       `-- hiOpenWRT

11. |           |-- hiOpenwrt

12. |           |-- hiOpenwrt.c

13. |           |-- hiOpenwrt.o

14. |           |-- ipkg-ar71xx

15. |           |   `-- hiOpenWRT

16. |           |       |-- bin

17. |           |       |   `-- hiOpenwrt

18. |           |       `-- CONTROL

19. |           |           `-- control

20. |           `-- Makefile

21. |-- Config.in

一点总结：

    目录结构很重要，如果目录结构不正确，那么Openwrt是不可能正确编译出ipk的。
    在学习编译过程中出现了很多处错误，最让我头疼的是Makefile的格式，这部分很容易错误而编译失败。
Makefile编写规则：

1. target ... : prerequisites ...

2. <tab>command

3. ...

4. ...

target也就是一个目标文件，可以是Object File，也可以是执行文件。还可以是一个标签
（Label），对于标签这种特性，在后续的“伪目标”章节中会有叙述。
prerequisites就是，要生成那个target所需要的文件或是目标。
command也就是make需要执行的命令。（任意的Shell命令）

这是一个文件的依赖关系，也就是说，target这一个或多个的目标文件依赖于prerequisi
tes中的文件，其生成规则定义在command中。说白一点就是说，prerequisites中如果有一个以上的文件比target文件要新的话，command所定义的命令就会被执行。这就是 Makefile的规则。也就是Makefile中最核心的内容。

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/7090376/1621742