I/O: std::basic_ostream

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需要#include<ostream>:

template class std::basic_ostream提供高水平的字符输出操作，支持格式化的和非格式化的输出操作.

template<

    class CharT,
    class Traits = std::char_traits<CharT>
> class basic_ostream : virtual public std::basic_ios<CharT, Traits>
	

我们一般看到的:

std::ostream其实是 typedef std::basic_ostream<char> ostream.

std::wostream其实是 typedef std::basic_ostream<w_char> wostream.

 

构造函数:

public:
explicit basic_ostream( std::basic_streambuf<CharT, Traits>* sb );

protected:
basic_ostream( const basic_ostream& rhs ) = delete;
	
protected:
basic_ostream( basic_ostream&& rhs );

1，public explicit的构造函数接受一个std::basic_streambuf的指针作为参数.

2，delete删除的拷贝构造函数，也就是说Stream是无法被拷贝的.

3，protected的移动构造函数，也就是说后续继承了该类的其他类可以支持移动比如std::basic_ofstream

 

std::basic_ostream::operator=

protected:
basic_ostream& operator=( const basic_ostream& rhs ) = delete;
	
protected:
basic_ostream& operator=( basic_ostream&& rhs );

1，拷贝赋值符为delete的，也就是说是不支持拷贝的.

2，移动赋值运算符为protected的，也就是说后续继承了该类的其他类可以支持移动比如std::basic_ofstream.

 

std::basic_ostream::put

basic_ostream& put( char_type ch );
	

把字符ch放到当前output stream里其效果类似 std::cout<< ch;

如果给定的字符类型不符合当前stream的字符集造成输出失败那么当前流会被设置std::ios::badbit.

 

std::basic_ostream::write

basic_ostream& write( const char_type* s, std::streamsize count );
	

把s指向的字符数组的前count个字符插入到当前output stream，如果插入失败那么给当前流设置std::ios::badbit.

 

std::basic_ostream::tellp

pos_type tellp();
	

返回写入(写入指的是写入stream)位置.

如果当前output stream被设置了std::ios::failbit那么返回-1;

 

std::basic_ostream::seekp

basic_ostream& seekp( pos_type pos );

basic_ostream& seekp( off_type off, std::ios_base::seekdir dir);

1，设置绝对写入位置。

2，设置相对写入(写入指的是写入stream)位置（相对于我们给定的dir）

但是需要注意的是: stream中的cin, cout, cerr是不支持的. 另外pos_type是一个很复杂的类型并不是简单的long, unsigned long等等.

一般我们使用的时候直接使用: std::ios::pos_type就可以了并不用像Demo里面定义的这么麻烦

Demo:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <exception>
#include <streambuf>
#include <sstream>

int main()
{
	std::basic_string<char> str;
	std::basic_stringstream<char> strStream(str);

	std::fpos<std::char_traits<char>::state_type> pos = strStream.tellg();

	std::cout << pos << std::endl;

	return 0;
}

 

std::basic_ostream::operator<<

member function部分(用于给当前流设置flags, states以及对数字类型的输出 和 输出其他stream的streambuf)：

basic_ostream& operator<<( short value );
basic_ostream& operator<<( unsigned short value );
		
basic_ostream& operator<<( int value );
basic_ostream& operator<<( unsigned int value );
	 	
basic_ostream& operator<<( long value );
basic_ostream& operator<<( unsigned long value );
		
basic_ostream& operator<<( long long value );
basic_ostream& operator<<( unsigned long long value );
	
basic_ostream& operator<<( float value );

basic_ostream& operator<<( double value );
basic_ostream& operator<<( long double value );
	 	
basic_ostream& operator<<( bool value );
	
basic_ostream& operator<<( const void* value );
		
basic_ostream& operator<<( std::basic_streambuf<CharT, Traits>* sb);
	
basic_ostream& operator<<(
    std::ios_base& (*func)(std::ios_base&) );
	 	
basic_ostream& operator<<(
    std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>& (*func)(std::basic_ios<CharT,Traits>&) );
	
basic_ostream& operator<<(
    std::basic_ostream<CharT,Traits>& (*func)(std::basic_ostream<CharT,Traits>&) );

 

 

std::ios_base::seekdir类型:

std::ios::beg 定位到 文件（File）或者stream 开始位置.

std::ios::cur 定位到文件（File）或者stream当前位置.

std::ios::end 定位到文件（File）或者stream的尾部。

转载于:https://my.oschina.net/SHIHUAMarryMe/blog/746002