std I/O

                            ios stream --------------> buffer(实际I/O操作)

                                    |

                                    |

                                    |

                                   __

                                   / /

                      I/O control interface

                      && some Globle Instance(such as： cin, cout, cerr and so on)

 

 

Note： Buffer can be replaced by everything. Such as: file heap, print and so on.

            It's called as "redirect", or delegation.