java appendformat_Java字符串format插值代码

用过python str.format的肯定觉得java的String.format弱到爆了，几乎和c的printf一个级别了，很难想象这是一个现代高级语言。让我们封装一个好用的format吧。

import java.util.Map;

public class XString {

/**

* list args偏移从0开始

* dict args放在后面，放在倒数第一、倒数第二这样的，类型为Map

*/

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")

public static String format(String formater, Object... args) {

StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();

int listArgsEndPos = args.length - 1;

for (int argCursor = args.length - 1; argCursor >= 0; -- argCursor) {

Object argProber = args[argCursor];

if (argProber instanceof Map) -- listArgsEndPos;

}

int cursor = 0;

int leftMarkPos = formater.indexOf('{', cursor);

while (leftMarkPos != -1) {

int rightMarkPos = formater.indexOf('}', leftMarkPos + 1);

if (rightMarkPos > leftMarkPos + 1) {

// 实例化

String token = formater.substring(leftMarkPos+1, rightMarkPos);

String[] tokenParts = token.split(":");

String tokenName = tokenParts[0];

String tokenFormat = tokenParts.length == 2 ? "%"+tokenParts[1] : "%s";

String instance;

if (tokenName.matches("\\d+")) { // list arg

Integer listArgOffset = Integer.parseInt(tokenName);

if (listArgOffset > listArgsEndPos) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("list arg pos(%d) out of bound(%d)", listArgOffset, listArgsEndPos));

}

instance = String.format(tokenFormat, args[listArgOffset]);

} else if (tokenName.matches("[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*")) { // dict arg

Object dictArg = null;

for (int dictArgsCursor = listArgsEndPos + 1; dictArgsCursor < args.length; ++ dictArgsCursor) {

dictArg = ((Map) args[dictArgsCursor]).get(tokenName);

if (dictArg != null) break;

}

if (dictArg == null) {

throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("formater: (%s), dict arg: (%s) not found", formater, tokenName));

}

instance = String.format(tokenFormat, dictArg);

} else {

instance = formater.substring(leftMarkPos, rightMarkPos + 1);

}

builder.append(formater, cursor, leftMarkPos);

builder.append(instance);

cursor = rightMarkPos + 1;

} else {

builder.append(formater, cursor, leftMarkPos + 1);

cursor = leftMarkPos + 1;

}

leftMarkPos = formater.indexOf('{', cursor);

}

builder.append(formater, cursor, formater.length());

return builder.toString();

}

}

来看一个例子：

Map dictArgs1 = new HashMap<>();

dictArgs1.put("name", "zig");

Map dictArgs2 = new HashMap<>();

dictArgs2.put("age", 27);

System.out.println(XString.format("{{}}, i am a {0}, my name is: {name}, my age is: {age:4d}; a {0} is {age} year(s) old called {name}",

"man", dictArgs1, dictArgs2));