python enumeration_Python 枚举类源码解析

1. EnumMeta

元类编程，生成类的类，可以动态生成类。

用法： type(name, bases, dict)

name -> 类名： str

bases -> 基类： tuple

dict -> 属性： dict

EnumMeta元类是用于生成Enum类，后续类都继承Enum类。

class EnumMeta(type):

def __new__(metacls, cls, bases, classdict):

# member_type 枚举成员的类型

# first_enum 第一个继承的类型枚举类

member_type, first_enum = metacls._get_mixins_(bases)

.......

_get_mixins_方法

@staticmethod

def _get_mixins_(bases):

"""

返回用于创建枚举成员的类型，以及第一个继承的类型枚举类。

"""

# 这里是Enum(metaclass=Enum)时用到的，bases=()

if not bases:

return object, Enum

# 继承自Enum类的子类，由以下方法判断

member_type = first_enum = None

for base in bases:

if (base is not Enum and

issubclass(base, Enum) and

base._member_names_):

raise TypeError("Cannot extend enumerations")

# base is now the last base in bases

if not issubclass(base, Enum):

raise TypeError("new enumerations must be created as "

"`ClassName([mixin_type,] enum_type)`")

# get correct mix-in type (either mix-in type of Enum subclass, or

# first base if last base is Enum)

if not issubclass(bases[0], Enum):

member_type = bases[0] # first data type

first_enum = bases[-1] # enum type

else:

for base in bases[0].__mro__:

# most common: (IntEnum, int, Enum, object)

# possible: (, ,

# , ,

# )

if issubclass(base, Enum):

if first_enum is None:

first_enum = base

else:

if member_type is None:

member_type = base

return member_type, first_enum