试想如果能写成下面的样子,是不是更简单优雅:
var p1 = products.Distinct(p => p.ID);
var p2 = products.Distinct(p => p.Name);
var p2 = products.Distinct(p => p.Name);
使用一个简单的 lambda 作为参数,也符合 Linq 一贯的风格。
可通过
扩展方法
实现:
Distinct 扩展方法
首先,创建一个通用比较的类,实现 IEqualityComparer<T> 接口:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Linq;
public class CommonEqualityComparer<T, V> : IEqualityComparer<T>
{
private Func<T, V> keySelector;
public CommonEqualityComparer(Func<T, V> keySelector)
{
this.keySelector = keySelector;
}
public bool Equals(T x, T y)
{
return EqualityComparer<V>.Default.Equals(keySelector(x), keySelector(y));
}
public int GetHashCode(T obj)
{
return EqualityComparer<V>.Default.GetHashCode(keySelector(obj));
}
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Linq;
public class CommonEqualityComparer<T, V> : IEqualityComparer<T>
{
private Func<T, V> keySelector;
public CommonEqualityComparer(Func<T, V> keySelector)
{
this.keySelector = keySelector;
}
public bool Equals(T x, T y)
{
return EqualityComparer<V>.Default.Equals(keySelector(x), keySelector(y));
}
public int GetHashCode(T obj)
{
return EqualityComparer<V>.Default.GetHashCode(keySelector(obj));
}
}
第 17 行,用到了
EqualityComparer<T> 类,本文最后有
简要说明。
借助上面这个类,Distinct
扩展方法就很好写了:
public
static
class DistinctExtensions
{
public static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector));
}
}
{
public static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector));
}
}
呵呵,简单吧!
Distinct 使用示例
根据 ID :
var data1 =
new Person[] {
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "鹤冲天"},
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "ldp"}
};
var ps1 = data1
.Distinct(p => p.ID)
.ToArray();
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "鹤冲天"},
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "ldp"}
};
var ps1 = data1
.Distinct(p => p.ID)
.ToArray();
根据 Name:
var data2 =
new Person[] {
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "鹤冲天"},
new Person{ ID = 2, Name = "鹤冲天"}
};
var ps2 = data2
.Distinct(p => p.Name)
.ToArray();
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "鹤冲天"},
new Person{ ID = 2, Name = "鹤冲天"}
};
var ps2 = data2
.Distinct(p => p.Name)
.ToArray();
看了回复后,我做了些改进,推荐使用下面的方式:
改进
回复中有朋友提到“不区分大小写地排除重复的字符串”,也不难实现,只需要把上面的代码改进下就 OK:
CommonEqualityComparer<T, V> 类:
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Linq;
public class CommonEqualityComparer<T, V> : IEqualityComparer<T>
{
private Func<T, V> keySelector;
private IEqualityComparer<V> comparer;
public CommonEqualityComparer(Func<T, V> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<V> comparer)
{
this.keySelector = keySelector;
this.comparer = comparer;
}
public CommonEqualityComparer(Func<T, V> keySelector)
: this(keySelector, EqualityComparer<V>.Default)
{ }
public bool Equals(T x, T y)
{
return comparer.Equals(keySelector(x), keySelector(y));
}
public int GetHashCode(T obj)
{
return comparer.GetHashCode(keySelector(obj));
}
}
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Linq;
public class CommonEqualityComparer<T, V> : IEqualityComparer<T>
{
private Func<T, V> keySelector;
private IEqualityComparer<V> comparer;
public CommonEqualityComparer(Func<T, V> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<V> comparer)
{
this.keySelector = keySelector;
this.comparer = comparer;
}
public CommonEqualityComparer(Func<T, V> keySelector)
: this(keySelector, EqualityComparer<V>.Default)
{ }
public bool Equals(T x, T y)
{
return comparer.Equals(keySelector(x), keySelector(y));
}
public int GetHashCode(T obj)
{
return comparer.GetHashCode(keySelector(obj));
}
}
Distinct
扩展方法:
public
static
class DistinctExtensions
{
public static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector));
}
public static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<V> comparer)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector, comparer));
}
}
{
public static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector));
}
public static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>( this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector, IEqualityComparer<V> comparer)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector, comparer));
}
}
借助可选参数,这两个扩展方法也可以合成一个:
public
static IEnumerable<T> Distinct<T, V>(
this IEnumerable<T> source, Func<T, V> keySelector,
IEqualityComparer<V> comparer = EqualityComparer<V>.Default)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector, comparer));
}
IEqualityComparer<V> comparer = EqualityComparer<V>.Default)
{
return source.Distinct( new CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>(keySelector, comparer));
}
(同样,CommonEqualityComparer<T, V>类的两个构造函数也可以合二为一)
使用示例:
var data3 =
new Person[] {
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "LDP"},
new Person{ ID = 2, Name = "ldp"}
};
var ps3 = data3
.Distinct(p => p.Name, StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
.ToArray();
new Person{ ID = 1, Name = "LDP"},
new Person{ ID = 2, Name = "ldp"}
};
var ps3 = data3
.Distinct(p => p.Name, StringComparer.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase)
.ToArray();
EqualityComparer<T> 类 简要说明
EqualityComparer<T>为
IEqualityComparer<T> 泛型接口的实现提供基类,它在 .net 4 中有五个重要的子类,见下图:
这五个子类分别用不同类型数据的相等性比较,从类名我们可以略知一二。
这五个子类都是内部类(internal),不能直接访问,EqualityComparer<T> 类提供一个简单的属性 Default。EqualityComparer<T> 会根据传入的 T 的类型,加载不同的子类,并会予以缓存提高性能。
《
c#扩展方法奇思妙用
》系统文章从 2009 年 08 月开始写起,到现在一共有了 22 篇,欢迎阅读:
-------------------
思想火花,照亮世界
像大神致敬:http://www.cnblogs.com/ldp615/archive/2011/08/01/distinct-entension.html
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/harlen/1060704