服务器系统,linux 5.7
数据库版本 oracle 11g
裸机状态,现在开始(图就不加了,太大,又不想改,又加不附件,只能这样了!)
第一步,先配置yum(源),第一步一定要做好,一定要确认配置成功,失败了会对以后的操作造成很大的麻烦。
打开命令窗口,用户要为root
放入系统光盘,按 以下操作一步一步执行
输入:mkdir /media/disk
这一步成功后不会有任务提示,只要用户为root就行
成功后再输入:mount /dev/cdrom /media/disk
这一步成功后会提示:mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
看到以上信息会输入:vi /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-el5.repo
如果你的安装没有错误,可以成功的打开public-yum-el5.repo
然后将以下内容写到这个文件中:
[oel5]
name = Enterprise Linux 5.5 DVD
baseurl=file:///media/disk/Server/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
将以上内容写入后,点击Esc,然后点击shift+; 你会看到在文件底部有:(冒号)输出,再点wq两个键后,点击回车
接下来的就是安装yum
输入:yum install oracle-validated
这个会等待较长时间,输出的内容也很多,最后会看到安装成功(sucessful)
至此,yum安装成功。
二、安装实施准备
1.创建ORACLE用户和组成员
groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
groupadd asmadmin
groupadd asmdba
groupadd asmoper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper -d /home/oracle oracle
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper -d /home/grid grid
2.分别创建oracle、grid用户的密码
passwd oracle
new unix password: oracle
passwd grid
new unix password: grid
接下来是一个需要细心的步骤,安装前oracle需要装的rpm
oracleasm-2.6.18-194.el5-2.0.5-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
oracleasm-support-2.1.7-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
binutils-2.17.50.0.6-12.el4.rfb.x86_64.rpm
compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.x86_64.rpm
elfutils-libelf-0.125-3.el5.x86_64.rpm
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125-3.el5.x86_64.rpm
elfutils-libelf-devel-0.152-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
gcc-4.1.2-14.el5.x86_64.rpm
libaio-0.3.105-2.x86_64.rpm
libaio-devel-0.3.106-3.2.x86_64.rpm
libpcap-devel-0.9.4-14.el5.x86_64.rpm
libstdc++-devel-3.4.6-3.1.x86_64.rpm
make-3.81-0.18.1.el4.rfb.x86_64.rpm
numactl-devel-0.9.8-8.el5.x86_64.rpm
pdksh-5.2.14-30.x86_64.rpm
pdksh-5.2.14-37.el5_8.1.x86_64.rpm
rlwrap-0.37-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
sysstat-7.0.2-1.el5.x86_64.rpm
ttfonts-zh_CN-2.14-6.noarch.rpm
unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.x86_64.rpm
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm
unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.x86_64.rpm
vsftpd-2.0.5-21.el5.x86_64.rpm
安装方法rpm –ivh +包名
安装完以上所有包, 再进行以下操作
mkdir -p /u01/app/11.2.0/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/grid
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
mkdir -p /u02/arch
chown -R grid:oinstall /u01
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u02
chmod -R 775 /u01
chmod -R 775 /u02
vi /etc/sysctl.conf
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
加入前将已有的参数去掉,不要修改原文本
sysctl –p
使修改完的参数生效
vi /etc/security/limits.conf
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
grid soft nproc 2047
grid hard nproc 16384
grid soft nofile 1024
grid hard nofile 65536
grid soft stack 10240
vi /etc/hosts
#scan ip
192.168.101.234 md md(此处为本机IP,写得时间要写你的机子的,md之间有TAB隔开,md可随意更改,最好能记住,后面安装时要用)
vi /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
vi /etc/profile
if [ /$USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ /$SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
umask 022
fi
以上步骤完成之后,就要查看磁盘情况了
输入 find /dev/sd*
创建ASM磁盘组
/etc/init.d/oracleasm configure
Configuring the Oracle ASM library driver.
This will configure the on-boot properties of the Oracle ASM library
driver. The following questions will determine whether the driver is
loaded on boot and what permissions it will have. The current values
will be shown in brackets ('[]'). Hitting <ENTER> without typing an
answer will keep that current value. Ctrl-C will abort.
Default user to own the driver interface []:grid
Default group to own the driver interface []:asmadmin
Start Oracle ASM library driver on boot (y/n) [n]:y
Scan for Oracle ASM disks on boot (y/n) [y]:y
Writing Oracle ASM library driver configuration: done
Initializing the Oracle ASMLib driver: [OK]
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [OK]
以下操作看自己机子磁盘的具体情况
fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 1958.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4):
Value out of range.
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-145737, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-145737, default 145737): +60G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (7835-145737, default 7835):
Using default value 7835
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (7835-145737, default 145737): +700G
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (99215-145737, default 99215):
Using default value 99215
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (99215-145737, default 145737):
Using default value 145737
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
/etc/init.d/oracleasm enable
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk OCR_VOT /dev/sdb1
Marking disk "OCR_VOT" as an ASM disk: [ OK ]
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk DATA /dev/sdb2
Marking disk "DATA" as an ASM disk: [OK]
/etc/init.d/oracleasm createdisk FRA /dev/sdb3
Marking disk "FRA" as an ASM disk: [OK]
/etc/init.d/oracleasm scandisks
Scanning the system for Oracle ASMLib disks: [OK]
/etc/init.d/oracleasm listdisks
DATA
FRA
OCR_VOT
使用oracle用户登陆,设置oracle用户的环境变量
vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_SID=md(md只是SID,可以修改,最好记住)
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:.
export NLS_LANG=American_america.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.
使用grid域名登陆,设置grid用户的环境变量
vim .bash_profile
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/grid
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:.
export NLS_LANG=American_america.ZHS16GBK
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:.
export ORACLE_SID=+ASM
以上内容全部执行成功以后,就可以开始安装Grid了
unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_3of7.zip
解压在u02中进行
cd grid
./runinstall
cd /u01/app/oraInventory/
./orainstRoot.sh
cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/
./root.sh
配置grid为一个独立的节点(单实例)
Cd /u01/app/11.2.0/grid/crs/install/
./ roothas.pl
执行完毕,点OK就完成Grid的安装了!
然后打开命令窗口,输入asmca,当然不用切换用户,仍保持用户grid
OK下面就要装数据库了
cd /u02/
unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_1of7.zip
unzip p10404530_112030_Linux-x86-64_2of7.zip
cd database/
./runInstaller
接下来就装数据库就和在windows上装数据库区别不是很大的,
数据库安装时,在选择如何安装数据库时
以后的都一直点下去,直到最后完成!
打开命令窗口,输入netca,创建监听器,一直到创建完成!然后再创建数据库!!!!
只是创建数据库时请注意第6步,在这一步要注意下。
好了,安装oracle 11gR2单实例+ASM 终于完成了!!!!!!!