Django—限制用户访问频率

django中间件

一、定义限制访问频率的中间件

• common/middleware.py

import time

from django.utils.deprecation import MiddlewareMixin

MAX_REQUEST_PER_SECOND=2 #每秒访问次数

class RequestBlockingMiddleware(MiddlewareMixin):

    def process_request(self,request):
        now=time.time()
        request_queue = request.session.get('request_queue',[])
        if len(request_queue) < MAX_REQUEST_PER_SECOND:
            request_queue.append(now)
            request.session['request_queue']=request_queue
        else:
            time0=request_queue[0]
            if (now-time0)<1:
                time.sleep(5)

            request_queue.append(time.time())
            request.session['request_queue']=request_queue[1:]

二、将中间件加入配置文件

• setting.py

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'common.middleware.RequestBlockingMiddleware', #在sessions之后，auth之前
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]12345678910

drf的throttle设置api的访问速率

作用：防止爬虫无节制的爬取数据 减少服务器的压力。
drf的自带功能

官方文档：http://www.django-rest-framew...

一、throttle配置到setting中

'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES': (
        'rest_framework.throttling.AnonRateThrottle',
        'rest_framework.throttling.UserRateThrottle'
    ),
    'DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES': {
        'anon': '100/day',
        'user': '1000/day'
    }

限速规则与限速的类。未登录情况下限速，通过ip地址。登录情况下通过session或token来判断。
The rate descriptions used in DEFAULT_THROTTLE_RATES may include second, minute, hour or day as the throttle period.

二、设置到我们的接口

from rest_framework.throttling import UserRateThrottle,AnonRateThrottle

throttle_classes = (UserRateThrottle, AnonRateThrottle)

在throttling的源码中

parse_rate:进行解析我们的规则
allow_request:中使用django的cache进行缓存。将每个ip的访问次数设置到缓存中
get_ident:会通过 request.meta.get('remote_addr')取出ip
已登录用户的限制是通过 request.user.pk