下面的例子来自于twitteR,用R从twitter中挖掘信息, 其实中文也有Rweibo,有时间可以研究一下。
https://sites.google.com/site/miningtwitter/questions/talking-about/wordclouds
共有三篇详细介绍,可能需要越过GFW
下面是第一篇的例子:
https://sites.google.com/site/miningtwitter/questions/talking-about/wordclouds/wordcloud1
Simple Wordcloud wordclouds
How to create a wordcloud?
Wordclouds are relatively simple to make. Here's the main recipe steps
Download some tweets (via twitteR or XML)
Extract the text from the tweets
Do some text manipulation (for cleaning & formatting)
Create a lexical Corpus and a TermDocumentMatrix (via tm)
Obtain words and their frequencies
Plot the wordcloud
Example 1: tweets via twitteR
Step 1: Load all the required packages
library(twitteR)
library(tm)
library(wordcloud)
library(RColorBrewer)
Step 2: Let's get some tweets in english containing the words "machine learning"
mach_tweets = searchTwitter("machine learning", n=500, lang="en")
Step 3: Extract the text from the tweets in a vector
mach_text = sapply(mach_tweets, function(x) x$getText())
Step 4: Construct the lexical Corpus and the Term Document Matrix
We use the function
Corpus to create the corpus, and the function
VectorSource to indicate that the text is in the character vector
mach_text. In order to create the term-document matrix we apply different transformation such as removing numbers, punctuation symbols, lower case, etc.
# create a corpus mach_corpus = Corpus(VectorSource(mach_text)) # create document term matrix applying some transformations tdm = TermDocumentMatrix(mach_corpus, control = list(removePunctuation = TRUE, stopwords = c("machine", "learning", stopwords("english")), removeNumbers = TRUE, tolower = TRUE))
Step 5: Obtain words and their frequencies
# define tdm as matrix m = as.matrix(tdm) # get word counts in decreasing order word_freqs = sort(rowSums(m), decreasing=TRUE) # create a data frame with words and their frequencies dm = data.frame(word=names(word_freqs), freq=word_freqs) Step 6: Let's plot the wordcloud # plot wordcloud wordcloud(dm$word, dm$freq, random.order=FALSE, colors=brewer.pal(8, "Dark2")) # save the image in png format png("MachineLearningCloud.png", width=12, height=8, units="in", res=300) wordcloud(dm$word, dm$freq, random.order=FALSE, colors=brewer.pal(8, "Dark2")) dev.off()
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