Struts框架核心技术小小班

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-19 18:51:10 发布

weixin_34010566

最新推荐文章于 2024-05-19 18:51:10 发布

阅读量76

点赞数

文章标签： java 设计模式测试

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34010566/article/details/85017877

版权

? 简介
? Web 开发基础
–B/S结构程序
–请求响应机制
–HTML
–Servlet
–JSP
–Web 服务器
? 编程思想
–分层开发思想
–面向接口编程思想
? 设计模式
–DAO设计模式
–MVC设计模式

----------------------------Start---------------------------------------

? 简介
–因为Struts是Servlet+JSP的MVC解决方案，所以在学习Struts之前有必要了解如下Web开发的基础知识，使用Servlet+JSP如何编程，以及编程思想和设计模式中Web开发中应用
? 这对我们在学习Struts时是很有帮助的
? 我们要比较Servlet+JSP程序的MVC模式实现和Struts MVC的异同
? Servlet+JSP程序的弊端
? Struts的优势
? 程序开发的思想
? 设计模式的应用

? Web 开发基础
– B/S结构程序
? B/S结果程序是指，基于Browser（浏览器）/Server（服务器）的应用程序
? 相对C/S结构程序而言，B/S结构程序有如下优点：
– 基于网络
– 共享性好
– 客户端零维护
– 请求响应机制
? B/S程序的主要特征是请求（request）响应（response）机制
? 通常使用的协议是Http协议，该协议是无状态的
– HTML
? HTML的全称是Hyper Text Markup Language（超文本标记语言）
?基本结构是：
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<title>, <base>, <link>, <meta>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
HTML 文件的正文写在这里... ...
</BODY>
</HTML>
– Servlet
? Servlet 是为动态创建Web工程而提供的编程接口
MyServlet.java

web.xml

设置servlet的申明和映射

测试：

– JSP
? 为了解决Servlet的开发效率问题而设计的开发语言
? 底层执行还是Servlet

MyJsp_jsp.java

package org.apache.jsp;

import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
import javax.servlet.jsp.*;
import java.util.*;

public final class MyJsp_jsp extends org.apache.jasper.runtime.HttpJspBase
         implements org.apache.jasper.runtime.JspSourceDependent {

     private static final JspFactory _jspxFactory = JspFactory.getDefaultFactory();

     private static java.util.List _jspx_dependants;

     private javax.el.ExpressionFactory _el_expressionfactory;
     private org.apache.AnnotationProcessor _jsp_annotationprocessor;

     public Object getDependants() {
         return _jspx_dependants;
    }

     public void _jspInit() {
        _el_expressionfactory = _jspxFactory.getJspApplicationContext(getServletConfig().getServletContext()).getExpressionFactory();
        _jsp_annotationprocessor = (org.apache.AnnotationProcessor) getServletConfig().getServletContext().getAttribute(org.apache.AnnotationProcessor. class.getName());
    }

     public void _jspDestroy() {
    }

     public void _jspService(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                 throws java.io.IOException, ServletException {

        PageContext pageContext = null;
        HttpSession session = null;
        ServletContext application = null;
        ServletConfig config = null;
        JspWriter out = null;
        Object page = this;
        JspWriter _jspx_out = null;
        PageContext _jspx_page_context = null;

         try {
            response.setContentType( "text/html;charset=ISO-8859-1");
            pageContext = _jspxFactory.getPageContext( this, request, response,
                                     null, true, 8192, true);
            _jspx_page_context = pageContext;
            application = pageContext.getServletContext();
            config = pageContext.getServletConfig();
            session = pageContext.getSession();
            out = pageContext.getOut();
            _jspx_out = out;

            out.write('\r');
            out.write('\n');

String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+ "://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";

            out.write("\r\n");
            out.write("\r\n");
            out.write("<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN\">\r\n");
            out.write("<html>\r\n");
            out.write("    <head>\r\n");
            out.write("        <base href=\"");
            out.print(basePath);
            out.write("\">\r\n");
            out.write("        \r\n");
            out.write("        <title>My JSP 'MyJsp.jsp' starting page</title>\r\n");
            out.write("        \r\n");
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"pragma\" content=\"no-cache\">\r\n");
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"cache-control\" content=\"no-cache\">\r\n");
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"expires\" content=\"0\">        \r\n");
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"keywords\" content=\"keyword1,keyword2,keyword3\">\r\n");
            out.write("\t<meta http-equiv=\"description\" content=\"This is my page\">\r\n");
            out.write("\t\r\n");
            out.write("\r\n");
            out.write("    </head>\r\n");
            out.write("    \r\n");
            out.write("    <body>\r\n");
            out.write("        This is my JSP page. <br>\r\n");
            out.write("    </body>\r\n");
            out.write("</html>\r\n");
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            if (!(t instanceof SkipPageException)){
                out = _jspx_out;
                if (out != null && out.getBufferSize() != 0)
                    try { out.clearBuffer(); } catch (java.io.IOException e) {}
                if (_jspx_page_context != null) _jspx_page_context.handlePageException(t);
            }
        } finally {
            _jspxFactory.releasePageContext(_jspx_page_context);
        }
    }
}

– Web 服务器
? Web工程的运行容器，如Tomcat

? 编程思想
–分层开发思想
? 软件的层次结构可以分为四层：
–表现层
–控制层
–业务逻辑层
–数据逻辑层（持久层）
–面向接口编程思想
? 在编程中将业务逻辑抽象出接口，以供上次调用
? 依赖抽象（接口），而非具体（接口实现）的编程思想，又称之为控制反转（Inversion of Control)

? 设计模式
–DAO设计模式
? DAO设计模式
–DAO的全称是：Data Access Object，数据访问对象。
–使用DAO设计模式，来封装数据库持久层的所有操作（CRUD），使低级的数据逻辑和高级的业务逻辑分离，达到解耦合的目的。
? 一个典型的DAO实现有如下的组件：
–一个 DAO 接口
–一个实现了 DAO 接口的具体类
–一个 DAO 工厂类
–数据传输对象(有时称为值对象)
?以维护一个客户信息为例，具体组件如下所示：
–CustomerDao 接口
–Customer 值对象（VO)
–CustomerDaoImpl（接口的具体实现类）
–CustomerFactory（工厂类，实例化用）

–MVC设计模式
? MVC的全称是：Model(模型) View(视图) Controller( 控制器)
? Model
–对应业务逻辑层、数据逻辑层
–由接口及其实现类充当
? View
–对应表现层
–由HTML页面、JSP页面、Tag（标签）等充当
? Controller
–对应控制层
–由Servlet 或Struts中的Action等充当

? 编程思想和设计模式的具体应用
–图示

自定义MVC

?实例
–以添加客户和查询客户列表为例来说明上述内容
–程序运行结果

数据库设置

CustomerDao.java

CustomerDaoImpl.java

package com.redking.dao.impl;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import com.redking.dao.CustomerDao;
import com.redking.util.ConnectionUtil;
import com.redking.util.SQLConstants;
import com.redking.vo.Customer;

public class CustomerDaoImpl implements CustomerDao,SQLConstants{

        public List listCustomer() {
                ConnectionUtil cu = new ConnectionUtil();
                Connection conn = cu.getConnection();
                //conn.setAutoCommit(false);设置默认不自动提交
                //Statement stmt;静态添加
                //PrepareStatement pstmt;动态添加
                List list = new ArrayList();
                try {
                        Statement stmt = conn.createStatement();
                        ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(QUERY_CUSTOMER_SQL);
                        while(rs.next()){
                                int id = rs.getInt(1);
                                String name = rs.getString(2);
                                String email = rs.getString(3);
                                Customer c = new Customer();
                                c.setId(id);
                                c.setName(name);
                                c.setEmail(email);
                                list.add(c);
                        }
                        return list;
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }finally{
                        try {
                                conn.close();
                        } catch (SQLException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                }
                return null;
        }

        public void save(Customer c) {
                ConnectionUtil cu = new ConnectionUtil();
                Connection conn = cu.getConnection();
                //conn.setAutoCommit(false);设置默认不自动提交
                //Statement stmt;静态添加
                //PrepareStatement pstmt;动态添加
                PreparedStatement pstmt = null;
                try {
                        pstmt = conn.prepareStatement(ADD_CUSTOMER_SQL);
                        pstmt.setString(1, c.getName());
                        pstmt.setString(2, c.getEmail());
                        pstmt.executeUpdate();
                        //conn.commit();设置强制提交
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                        e.printStackTrace();
                }finally{
                        try {
                                conn.close();
                        } catch (SQLException e) {
                                e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                }
        }

}

CustomerServlet.java

package com.redking.servlet;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.List;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.redking.dao.CustomerDao;
import com.redking.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImpl;
import com.redking.vo.Customer;

public class CustomerServlet extends HttpServlet {

         /**
         * Constructor of the object.
         */
         public CustomerServlet() {
                 super();
        }

         /**
         * Destruction of the servlet. <br>
         */
         public void destroy() {
                 super.destroy(); // Just puts "destroy" string in log
                 // Put your code here
        }

         /**
         * The doGet method of the servlet. <br>
         *
         * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to get.
         *
         * @param request the request send by the client to the server
         * @param response the response send by the server to the client
         * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
         * @throws IOException if an error occurred
         */
         public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                         throws ServletException, IOException {
                doPost(request,response);
        }

         /**
         * The doPost method of the servlet. <br>
         *
         * This method is called when a form has its tag value method equals to post.
         *
         * @param request the request send by the client to the server
         * @param response the response send by the server to the client
         * @throws ServletException if an error occurred
         * @throws IOException if an error occurred
         */
         public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
                         throws ServletException, IOException {
                 /*
                //响应用户请求
                String name = request.getParameter("name");
                String email = request.getParameter("email");
                //调用后台逻辑-dao
                CustomerDao dao = new CustomerDaoImpl();
                Customer c = new Customer();
                c.setName(name);
                c.setEmail(email);
                dao.save(c);
                //跳转其他页面
                //RequestDispatcher
                request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/Customer.jsp").forward(request,response);
                */
                String methodName = request.getParameter( "methodName");
                 if(methodName!= null&&methodName.equals( "save")){
                        save(request,response);
                } else{
                        list(request,response);
                }
        }
         public void save(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         throws ServletException, IOException {

                 //响应用户请求
                String name = request.getParameter( "name");
                String email = request.getParameter( "email");
                 //调用后台逻辑-dao
                CustomerDao dao = new CustomerDaoImpl();
                Customer c = new Customer();
                c.setName(name);
                c.setEmail(email);
                dao.save(c);
                 //跳转其他页面
                 //RequestDispatcher
                 //request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/Customer.jsp").forward(request,response);
                list(request,response);
        }
         public void list(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
         throws ServletException, IOException {

                 //响应用户请求
                String name = request.getParameter( "name");
                String email = request.getParameter( "email");
                 //调用后台逻辑-dao
                CustomerDao dao = new CustomerDaoImpl();
                List list = dao.listCustomer();
                request.setAttribute( "CustomerList", list);
                 //跳转其他页面
                 //RequestDispatcher
                request.getRequestDispatcher( "/pages/Customer.jsp").forward(request,response);
        }

         /**
         * Initialization of the servlet. <br>
         *
         * @throws ServletException if an error occurs
         */
         public void init() throws ServletException {
                 // Put your code here
        }

}

ConnectionUtilTest.java

CustomerDaoImplTest.java

ConnectionUtil.java

SQLConstants.java

Customer.java

DBConfig.properties

Customer.jsp

<%@ page language= "java" import= "java.util.*,com.redking.vo.*" pageEncoding= "gbk"%>
<%@ taglib uri= "http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="redking" %>
<%
String path = request.getContextPath();
String basePath = request.getScheme()+"://"+request.getServerName()+":"+request.getServerPort()+path+"/";
%>

<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
    <head>
        <base href="<%=basePath%>">
        <title>My JSP 'Customer.jsp' starting page</title>
        <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache">
        <meta http-equiv="cache-control" content="no-cache">
        <meta http-equiv="expires" content="0">
        <meta http-equiv="keywords" content="keyword1,keyword2,keyword3">
        <meta http-equiv="description" content="This is my page">
        

    </head>
    <body>
        <form name="f1" id="f1" action="<%=path %>/servlet/CustomerServlet?methodName=save" method="post">
            <table border="0">
                <tr>
                    <td>Name:</td>
                    <td><input type="text" name="name" ></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>Email:</td>
                    <td><input type="text" name="email" ></td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td colspan="2" align="center"><input type="submit" value="保存"></td>
                </tr>
            </table>
        </form>
        <hr>
        <table>
        <tr><th>ID</th><th>Name</th><th>Email</th></tr>
        <%--
        <%
                List list = (List) request.getAttribute("CustomerList");
                //遍列LIST
                for(int i=0;i<list.size();i++){
                        Customer c = (Customer) list.get(i);
                        out.println("<tr>");
                        out.println("<td>");
                        out.println(c.getId());
                        out.println("</td>");
                        out.println("<td>");
                        out.println(c.getName());
                        out.println("</td>");
                        out.println("<td>");
                        out.println(c.getEmail());
                        out.println("</td>");
                        out.println("</tr>");
                }
         %>
            --%>
            <%--使用标准标签 --%>
            <redking:forEach var="c" items="${CustomerList}">
                    <tr>
                            <td>
                                    ${c.id }
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                    ${c.name }
                            </td>
                            <td>
                                    ${c.email }
                            </td>
                    </tr>
            </redking:forEach>
        </table>
    </body>
</html>

测试：

----------------------------------END-------------------------------------

weixin_34010566

关注

0
点赞
踩
0

收藏

觉得还不错? 一键收藏
0
评论
Struts框架核心技术小小班

? 简介 ? Web 开发基础 –B/S结构程序 –请求响应机制 –HTML –Servlet –JSP –Web 服务器 ? 编程思想 –分层开发思想 –面向接口编程思想 ? 设计模式 –DAO设计模式 –MVC设计模式----------------------------Start---------------------------------------? 简介 –因为Strut...
复制链接

扫一扫