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本文主要研究一下golang的panic与recover
![0e6ebbeb1f173bc0d015f209f90a5f8f.png](https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/img_convert/0e6ebbeb1f173bc0d015f209f90a5f8f.png)
panic与recover
recover在如下三种情况下返回nil
- panic参数为nil
- goroutine没有发生panic
- recover不是在defer func中调用
实例
实例1
var fc func() stringfunc protect(g func() string) { defer func() { fmt.Println("done") // Println executes normally even if there is a panic if x := recover(); x != nil { fmt.Printf("run time panic: %v", x) } }() fmt.Println("start") fmt.Println(g())}func main() { protect(fc)}
这里fc为nil,因而产生runtime panic,然后被defer的recover捕获
实例2
func deferRecover() { defer func() { fmt.Println("defer1: recover") if err := recover(); err != nil { fmt.Println(err) } else { fmt.Println("defer1 recover nil") } }() defer func() { fmt.Println("defer2: recover ") if err := recover(); err != nil { fmt.Println(err) } }() panic("manual panic") defer func() { fmt.Println("never be executed") }()}
这里defer2捕获了panic,defer1就捕获不到panic了
实例3
func paincInDefer() { defer func() { fmt.Println("defer1 recover") if err := recover(); err != nil { // main panic is override by defer2 panic fmt.Println(err) } else { fmt.Println("defer1 recover nil") } }() defer func() { fmt.Println("defer2 begin to panic") panic("defer2 panic") }() panic("main panic")}
这里defer2产生了panic,"覆盖"了原始的panic,defer1捕获的是最后一个panic即defer2产生的panic
实例4
func paincInDeferNotRecover() { defer func() { fmt.Println("defer1") }() defer func() { fmt.Println("defer2 begin to panic") panic("defer2 panic") }() panic("main panic")}
这里defer2产生了panic,defer1没有捕获,产生的panic依次显示了main panic及defer2 panic
输出
defer2 begin to panicdefer1panic: main panic panic: defer2 panicgoroutine 1 [running]:main.paincInDeferNotRecover.func2()
实例5
func multiPaincInDefer() { defer func() { fmt.Println("defer1") panic("defer3 panic") }() defer func() { fmt.Println("defer2 begin to panic") panic("defer2 panic") }() panic("main panic")}
输出
defer2 begin to panicdefer1panic: main panic panic: defer2 panic panic: defer3 panicgoroutine 1 [running]:main.multiPaincInDefer.func1()
实例6
func panicAfterRecover() { defer func() { fmt.Println("defer1") if err := recover(); err != nil { panic("defer1 panic after recover") } else { fmt.Println("defer1 recover nil") } }() defer func() { fmt.Println("defer2 begin to panic") panic("defer2 panic") }() panic("main panic")}
输出
defer2 begin to panicdefer1panic: main panic panic: defer2 panic [recovered] panic: defer1 panic after recovergoroutine 1 [running]:main.panicAfterRecover.func1() /defer.go:180 +0x10dpanic(0x10b2020, 0x10eaed0) /usr/local/go/src/runtime/panic.go:969 +0x1b9main.panicAfterRecover.func2() /defer.go:188 +0x95panic(0x10b2020, 0x10eaee0) /usr/local/go/src/runtime/panic.go:969 +0x1b9main.panicAfterRecover() /defer.go:191 +0x68main.main() /defer.go:215 +0x25exit status 2
小结
- recover必须在defer中调用才可以,多个defer出现了panic没有recover,则panic信息会列出所有的painc信息
- 如果defer也出现了panic则若有被recover则recover的是最后一个panic,非defer的panic被"覆盖"
- 如果defer的recover之后出现了panic,则最后panic会出现被recover的那个panic信息
doc
- Handling_panics