本文以EVE-NG中的Linux虚拟机为例，其中的方法也适用于其它虚拟化平台如VMWare，因为主要是对Linux系统的操作。
基本步骤为：
在主机扩展虚拟机硬盘文件的大小
在虚拟机中对新增的容量进行分区
将新建的分区转换为PV
将新增的PV加入原有的VG
对原有VG内的LV进行扩容
对原有的文件系统进行扩容
在EVE-NG新建一个LAB，添加Linux虚拟机，启动虚拟机
增加虚拟机硬盘文件大小
在EVE-NG查看Linux虚拟机的硬盘文件信息
root@eve-ng:~# qemu-img info /opt/unetlab/tmp/0/a0124e93-19d6-445f-bf12-9bf67704fe62/1/hda.qcow2
image: /opt/unetlab/tmp/0/a0124e93-19d6-445f-bf12-9bf67704fe62/1/hda.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 30G (32212254720 bytes)
disk size: 18M
cluster_size: 65536
backing file: /opt/unetlab/addons/qemu/linux-centos-7.5/hda.qcow2
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: false
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
root@eve-ng:~#
在Linux虚拟机下查看扩容前的硬盘分区信息
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 28G 1.1G 27G 4% /
devtmpfs 232M 0 232M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 4.5M 240M 2% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
[root@centos ~]#
[root@centos ~]#
[root@centos ~]# fdisk -l
[ 30.105421] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
[ 30.127359] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
Disk /dev/sda: 32.2 GB, 32212254720 bytes, 62914560 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
注意这个信息
dos表明类型是MBR
如果使用gdisk工具对MBR类型的硬盘进行分区，需要做特殊处理
Disk identifier: 0x0005ef33
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 62914559 30407680 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 30.1 GB, 30056382464 bytes, 58703872 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
为Linux虚拟机的硬盘文件扩容
必须先关闭Linux虚拟机再做扩容操作，否则可能出现问题，例如在EVE-NG中看到硬盘文件是40G(virtual size)，但在Linux虚拟机中仍然是看到30G
root@eve-ng:~# qemu-img resize /opt/unetlab/tmp/0/a0124e93-19d6-445f-bf12-9bf67704fe62/1/hda.qcow2 + 10G
qemu-img: Expecting one image file name
Try 'qemu-img --help' for more information
root@eve-ng:~# qemu-img resize /opt/unetlab/tmp/0/a0124e93-19d6-445f-bf12-9bf67704fe62/1/hda.qcow2 +10G
Image resized.
root@eve-ng:~#
对硬盘文件扩容后，查看硬盘文件信息
root@eve-ng:~# qemu-img info /opt/unetlab/tmp/0/a0124e93-19d6-445f-bf12-9bf67704fe62/1/hda.qcow2
image: /opt/unetlab/tmp/0/a0124e93-19d6-445f-bf12-9bf67704fe62/1/hda.qcow2
file format: qcow2
virtual size: 40G (42949672960 bytes)
disk size: 18M
cluster_size: 65536
backing file: /opt/unetlab/addons/qemu/linux-centos-7.5/hda.qcow2
Format specific information:
compat: 1.1
lazy refcounts: false
refcount bits: 16
corrupt: false
root@eve-ng:~#
硬盘文件变成了40G，但新增加的10G容量要在虚拟机操作系统中做进一步操作才能使用。如分区、格式化等。
如果使用VMWare Workstation,对虚拟机硬盘进行扩容后，会弹出提示，说明新增的容量要在客户机中做相应操作。
再次启动Linux虚拟机，查看硬盘分区信息
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 28G 1.1G 27G 4% /
devtmpfs 232M 0 232M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 4.5M 240M 2% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
[root@centos ~]# fdisk -l
[ 45.634232] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
[ 45.656169] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0005ef33
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 62914559 30407680 8e Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 30.1 GB, 30056382464 bytes, 58703872 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
在虚拟机系统中看到设备文件/dev/sda(即硬盘)已经变成40G，但Linux系统的文件系统并没有增加容量
在虚拟机中扩容分区
对新增硬盘容量进行分区-gdisk
查看当前分区信息
[root@centos ~]# gdisk -l /dev/sda
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.6
Partition table scan:
MBR: MBR only
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: not present
***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format.
***************************************************************
Disk /dev/sda: 83886080 sectors, 40.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): BC3BE10E-1115-47F6-B7E7-76107063E161
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 83886046
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 20973501 sectors (10.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem
2 2099200 62914559 29.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM
使用gdisk对新增容量进行分区
新增的硬盘容量需要先进行分区
[root@centos ~]# gdisk或者
[root@centos ~]# gdisk /dev/sda/dev/sda为硬盘的设备名称，不能写/dev/sda1等
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.6
Type device filename, or press to exit: /dev/sda
Partition table scan:
MBR: MBR only
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: not present
***************************************************************
Found invalid GPT and valid MBR; converting MBR to GPT format.
THIS OPERATION IS POTENTIALLY DESTRUCTIVE! Exit by typing 'q' if
you don't want to convert your MBR partitions to GPT format!
***************************************************************
请注意这个提示
出现这个提示说明当前操作的硬盘/dev/sda使用的是MBR，而不是GPT,gdisk似乎会自动将硬盘由MBR改为GTP，
结果就是重启系统时会无法启动，卡在"booting system from hard disk"这个状态。
查看解决方法：MBR与GPT
Command (? for help): p
#打印当前分区信息
Disk /dev/sda: 83886080 sectors, 40.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): 7A7245B0-FE60-471C-A6BA-3C6C30C024DE
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 83886046
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 20973501 sectors (10.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem
2 2099200 62914559 29.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM
Command (? for help): v
#验证分区
No problems found. 20973501 free sectors (10.0 GiB) available in 2
segments, the largest of which is 20971487 (10.0 GiB) in size.
Command (? for help): n
新建分区
Partition number (3-128, default 3): 回车
选择新建分区的编号
First sector (34-83886046, default = 62914560) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 回车
#指定新建分区的起始扇区，回车使用默认值，即空闲空间的第一个扇区
Last sector (62914560-83886046, default = 83886046) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G
#指定新建分区的结束扇区，回车使用默认值，即空闲空间的最后一个扇区
#在初始扇区的基础上加1G
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): L
8200 Linux swap 8300 Linux filesystem 8301 Linux reserved
8e00 Linux LVM a500 FreeBSD disklabel a501 FreeBSD boot
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'
?ommand (? for help): n
Partition number (4-128, default 4): 回车
First sector (34-83886046, default = 65011712) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 回车
Last sector (65011712-83886046, default = 83886046) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (5-128, default 5): 回车
First sector (34-83886046, default = 67108864) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 回车
Last sector (67108864-83886046, default = 83886046) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'
Command (? for help): n
Partition number (6-128, default 6): 回车
First sector (34-83886046, default = 69206016) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: 回车
Last sector (69206016-83886046, default = 83886046) or {+-}size{KMGTP}: +1G
Current type is 'Linux filesystem'
Hex code or GUID (L to show codes, Enter = 8300): 8e00
Changed type of partition to 'Linux LVM'
Command (? for help): p
打印分区信息
Disk /dev/sda: 83886080 sectors, 40.0 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): C8B1855B-15C9-4F46-B986-2807505282F0
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 83886046
Partitions will be aligned on 2048-sector boundaries
Total free space is 12584893 sectors (6.0 GiB)
Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 2048 2099199 1024.0 MiB 8300 Linux filesystem
2 2099200 62914559 29.0 GiB 8E00 Linux LVM
3 62914560 65011711 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
4 65011712 67108863 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
5 67108864 69206015 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
6 69206016 71303167 1024.0 MiB 8E00 Linux LVM
Command (? for help): w
#保存分区信息
Final checks complete. About to write GPT data. THIS WILL OVERWRITE EXISTING
PARTITIONS!!
Do you want to proceed? (Y/N): y
OK; writing new GUID partition table (GPT) to /dev/sda.
Warning: The kernel is still using the old partition table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
The operation has completed successfully.
对新增硬盘容量进行分区-fdisk
[root@centos ~]# fdisk /dev/sda
fdisk后面写硬盘设备/dev/sda
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Command (m for help): m#查看菜单
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
g create a new empty GPT partition table
G create an IRIX (SGI) partition table
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): n
#新建分区
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 0 extended, 2 free)
e extended
Select (default p): e
#创建扩展分区
与gdisk不同的是，fdisk在新建分区是要选择主分区(primary)或扩展分区(extended)，根据自己的需要创建即可
这里选择的是扩展分区
Partition number (3,4, default 3): 回车
First sector (62914560-83886079, default 62914560):
#指定新建分区的起始扇区，回车使用默认值，即空闲空间的第一个扇区
Using default value 62914560
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (62914560-83886079, default 83886079): 回车
#指定新建分区的结束扇区，回车使用默认值，即空闲空间的最后一个扇区
Using default value 83886079
Partition 3 of type Extended and of size 10 GiB is set
#新增的10G空间都划分给逻辑分区了
这里创建扩展分区
扩展分区可以理解为是一个容器，它不是一个可以格式化的对象，还要在扩展分区里继续划分逻辑分区，逻辑分区才可以格式化
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free)
l logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
#创建逻辑分区
Adding logical partition 5
First sector (62916608-83886079, default 62916608): 回车
Using default value 62916608
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (62916608-83886079, default 83886079): +1G
#在初始扇区的基础上加1G的空间
Partition 5 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free)
l logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
Adding logical partition 6
First sector (65015808-83886079, default 65015808): 回车
Using default value 65015808
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (65015808-83886079, default 83886079): +1G
Partition 6 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free)
l logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
Adding logical partition 7
First sector (67115008-83886079, default 67115008): 回车
Using default value 67115008
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (67115008-83886079, default 83886079): +1G
Partition 7 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (2 primary, 1 extended, 1 free)
l logical (numbered from 5)
Select (default p): l
Adding logical partition 8
First sector (69214208-83886079, default 69214208): 回车
Using default value 69214208
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (69214208-83886079, default 83886079): +1G
Partition 8 of type Linux and of size 1 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p
#打印分区信息
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0005ef33
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 2099199 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 2099200 62914559 30407680 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sda3 62914560 83886079 10485760 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 62916608 65013759 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda6 65015808 67112959 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda7 67115008 69212159 1048576 83 Linux
/dev/sda8 69214208 71311359 1048576 83 Linux
创建的分区默认的分区系统ID(partition's system ID)是83,即Linux
在这里要把ID改为8e，即Linux LVM
Command (m for help): t
#修改分区的系统ID
Partition number (1-3,5-8, default 8): 5
Hex code (type L to list all codes): L
2 XENIX root 39 Plan 9 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-
8 AIX 4e QNX4.x 2nd part 8e Linux LVM df BootIt
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3,5-8, default 8): 6
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3,5-8, default 8): 7
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t
Partition number (1-3,5-8, default 8): 8
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): w#保存分区信息
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: Device or resource busy.
The kernel still uses the old table. The new table will be used at
the next reboot or after you run partprobe(8) or kpartx(8)
Syncing disks.
查看新建的分区
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 28G 1.2G 27G 4% /
devtmpfs 232M 0 232M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 4.5M 240M 2% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
[root@centos ~]#
[root@centos ~]# fdisk -l
[ 174.094649] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
[ 174.117595] blk_update_request: I/O error, dev fd0, sector 0
WARNING: fdisk GPT support is currently new, and therefore in an experimental phase. Use at your own discretion.
Disk /dev/sda: 42.9 GB, 42949672960 bytes, 83886080 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: gpt
Disk identifier: 808D0AC2-6A5A-4F6F-BAE7-5424758BB11D
# Start End Size Type Name
1 2048 2099199 1G Linux filesyste Linux filesystem
2 2099200 62914559 29G Linux LVM Linux LVM
3 62914560 65011711 1G Linux LVM Linux LVM
4 65011712 67108863 1G Linux LVM Linux LVM
5 67108864 69206015 1G Linux LVM Linux LVM
6 69206016 71303167 1G Linux LVM Linux LVM
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-root: 30.1 GB, 30056382464 bytes, 58703872 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk /dev/mapper/centos-swap: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes, 2097152 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[root@centos ~]# ll /dev/sda*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Jul 30 21:02 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Jul 30 21:02 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Jul 30 21:02 /dev/sda2
使分区生效
要使分区生效，可以重启系统，或者使用partprobe命令
[root@centos ~]# partprobe -s
/dev/sda: gpt partitions 1 2 3 4 5 6
[root@centos ~]#
[root@centos ~]# ll /dev/sda*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 3 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 4 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda4
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 5 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda5
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 6 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda6
创建PV
查看文件系统信息
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 28G 1.2G 27G 4% /
devtmpfs 232M 0 232M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 4.5M 240M 2% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
查看当前硬盘设备
[root@centos ~]# ll /dev/sda*
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 0 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 1 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda1
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 2 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda2
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 3 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda3
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 4 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda4
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 5 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda5
brw-rw----. 1 root disk 8, 6 Jul 30 21:05 /dev/sda6
扫描系统上的PV
[root@centos ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<29.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
Total: 1 [<29.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<29.00 GiB] / in no VG: 0 [0 ]
PV的名称为/dev/sda2
属于centos这个VG
创建PV
[root@centos ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda{3,4,5,6}
Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sda4" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sda5" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sda6" successfully created.
pvcreate命令后面写设备名称，如/dev/sda3
再次扫描PV，可以看到新增的PV
[root@centos ~]# pvscan
PV /dev/sda2 VG centos lvm2 [<29.00 GiB / 4.00 MiB free]
PV /dev/sda6 lvm2 [1.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sda5 lvm2 [1.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sda3 lvm2 [1.00 GiB]
PV /dev/sda4 lvm2 [1.00 GiB]
Total: 5 [<33.00 GiB] / in use: 1 [<29.00 GiB] / in no VG: 4 [4.00 GiB]
PV名称与设备名称同名，如/dev/sda2
扩展VG
扫描系统上的VG
[root@centos ~]# vgscan
Reading volume groups from cache.
Found volume group "centos" using metadata type lvm2
VG名称为centos
将新建的PV加入原有的VG，即扩展VG容量
[root@centos ~]# vgextend centos /dev/sda{3,4,5,6}
Volume group "centos" successfully extended
centos为VG的名称
/dev/sda3为PV的名称
查看VG的详细信息
[root@centos ~]# vgdisplay centos
--- Volume group ---
VG Name centos
System ID
Format lvm2
Metadata Areas 1
Metadata Sequence No 3
VG Access read/write
VG Status resizable
MAX LV 0
Cur LV 2
Open LV 2
Max PV 0
Cur PV 1
Act PV 1
VG Size <29.00 GiB
PE Size 4.00 MiB
Total PE 7423
Alloc PE / Size 7422 / 28.99 GiB
Free PE / Size 1 / 4.00 MiB
VG UUID yVMVnN-Qkj8-E7ld-g6FP-e7mF-7RQP-lj6WKI
扩展LV
LV即Logical Volume，逻辑卷
LV即硬盘分区，是格式化的对象
扫描系统上的LV
[root@centos ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/swap' [1.00 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/root' [27.99 GiB] inherit
LV全称为/dev/centos/root，对LV进行操作时，应写LV的全称
/dev/centos/root中，centos是VG名称，root是LV名称
查看LV的详细信息
[root@centos ~]# lvdisplay /dev/centos/root
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/centos/root
LV Name root
VG Name centos
LV UUID Xe2D4n-AkzU-Dc8C-bcmo-3RUb-yuhC-RyPERg
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time centos, 2018-06-09 02:21:50 +0800
LV Status available
# open 1
LV Size 27.99 GiB
Current LE 7166
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:0
扩展原有的LV
[root@centos ~]# lvextend /dev/centos/root /dev/sda{3,4,5,6}
Size of logical volume centos/root changed from 27.99 GiB (7166 extents) to <31.98 GiB (8186 extents).
Logical volume centos/root successfully resized.
/dev/centos/root为LV名称
/dev/sda3是PV名称
这里的做法是，以PV为单位对LV进行扩展，即将整个PV加入原有的LV
查看LV，容量已经增大了
[root@centos ~]# lvscan
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/swap' [1.00 GiB] inherit
ACTIVE '/dev/centos/root' [<31.98 GiB] inherit
但查看文件系统时容量没有改变
[root@centos ~]# df -hT
Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root xfs 28G 1.2G 27G 4% /
devtmpfs devtmpfs 232M 0 232M 0% /dev
tmpfs tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs tmpfs 244M 4.5M 240M 2% /run
tmpfs tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 xfs 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
扩展文件系统
需要对文件系统进行扩展才最终使得容量增加
ext2/ext3/ext4文件系统使用命令resize2fs
xfs文件系统使用命令xfs_growfs
文件系统名称可使用df命令查看
[root@centos ~]# xfs_growfs /dev/mapper/centos-root或者
[root@centos ~]# xfs_growfs /
meta-data=/dev/mapper/centos-root isize=512 agcount=4, agsize=1834496 blks
= sectsz=512 attr=2, projid32bit=1
= crc=1 finobt=0 spinodes=0
data = bsize=4096 blocks=7337984, imaxpct=25
= sunit=0 swidth=0 blks
naming =version 2 bsize=4096 ascii-ci=0 ftype=1
log =internal bsize=4096 blocks=3583, version=2
= sectsz=512 sunit=0 blks, lazy-count=1
realtime =none extsz=4096 blocks=0, rtextents=0
data blocks changed from 7337984 to 8382464
xfs_growfs的说明是，命令后面写挂载点
再次查看文件系统信息，容量已经增加了
[root@centos ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/mapper/centos-root 32G 1.2G 31G 4% /
devtmpfs 232M 0 232M 0% /dev
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 244M 4.5M 240M 2% /run
tmpfs 244M 0 244M 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/sda1 1014M 130M 885M 13% /boot
tmpfs 49M 0 49M 0% /run/user/0
参考资料
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