下面是一个示例。
使用netbeans8创建web项目HelloJSP,项目完成后结构如下:
![](http://static.oschina.net/uploads/space/2015/0118/140816_cbub_940565.png)
我们使用了 两个Filter。
web.xml内容如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"
version="3.1">
<filter>
<filter-name>FirstFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>letian.filter.FirstFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>FirstFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>SecondFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>letian.filter.SecondFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>SecondFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
</web-app>
letian/filter/FirstFilter.java内容如下:
package letian.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class FirstFilter implements Filter {
//tomcat启动,或者context重新加载的时候调用init(先destroy再init)
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("FirstFilter init...");
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
//request到达的时候执行下面的代码
System.out.println("FirstFilter request>>>>>>>>>>>>");
//转给过滤器链中的下一个filter,如果是最后一个filter,调用要访问的资源
chain.doFilter(request, response);
//要访问的资源访问完以后,response到达的时候执行下面的代码
System.out.println("FirstFilter response>>>>>>>>>>>>");
}
//tomcat关闭或者context重新加载的时候调用destroy
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("FirstFilter destroy...");
}
}
letian/filter/SecondFilter.java内容如下:
package letian.filter;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
public class SecondFilter implements Filter {
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {
System.out.println("SecondFilter init...");
}
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
System.out.println("SecondFilter request>>>>>>>>>>>>");
request.setAttribute("username", "letian");
chain.doFilter(request, response);
System.out.println("SecondFilter response>>>>>>>>>>>>");
}
public void destroy() {
System.out.println("SecondFilter destroy...");
}
}
letian/servlet/Home.java内容如下:
package letian.servlet;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
@WebServlet(name = "Home", urlPatterns = {"/"})
public class Home extends HttpServlet {
protected void processRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
System.out.println("I am home!"); // 输出到控制台
response.setContentType("text/html;charset=UTF-8");
try (PrintWriter out = response.getWriter()) {
out.println("<h1>"+ request.getAttribute("username") +"</h1>");
}
}
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
processRequest(request, response);
}
}
效果:
启动tomcat,可以看到Tomcat输出:
FirstFilter init...
SecondFilter init...
![](http://static.oschina.net/uploads/space/2015/0118/142918_iucc_940565.png)
此时,tomcat输出:
FirstFilter request>>>>>>>>>>>>
SecondFilter request>>>>>>>>>>>>
I am home!
SecondFilter response>>>>>>>>>>>>
FirstFilter response>>>>>>>>>>>>
FirstFilter destroy...
SecondFilter destroy...
参考:
Tomcat 7源码学习笔记 -8 Filter过滤器解读:http://blogzhoubo.iteye.com/blog/1738358
Apache Tomcat 8 Configuration Reference Container Provided Filters: http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-8.0-doc/config/filter.html