mysql> desc user;
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| Field  | Type        | Null | Key | Default | Extra          |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
| id     | int(11)     | NO   | PRI | NULL    | auto_increment |
| userid | varchar(30) | NO   | MUL | NULL    |                |
| server | varchar(10) | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
| date   | datetime    | NO   |     | NULL    |                |
+--------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> show index from user;
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | Index_comment |
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
| user  |          0 | PRIMARY  |            1 | id          | A         |           6 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
| user  |          1 | userid   |            1 | userid      | A         |           6 |     NULL | NULL   |      | BTREE      |         |               |
+-------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+-------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+---------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
 

mysql> explain select * from user order by userid;  
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------+
| id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key  | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra          |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | user  | ALL  | NULL          | NULL | NULL    | NULL |    6 | Using filesort |
+----+-------------+-------+------+---------------+------+---------+------+------+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

没有用到索引，改之：

mysql> explain select id,userid from user order by userid;         
+----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table | type  | possible_keys | key    | key_len | ref  | rows | Extra       |
+----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | user  | index | NULL          | userid | 32      | NULL |    6 | Using index |
+----+-------------+-------+-------+---------------+--------+---------+------+------+-------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

已用到索引。