android layout过程分析,Android LayoutInflater布局文件解析过程

1:View的创建流程

LayoutInflater是通过inflate方法将一个xml布局解析成为一个View。我们都知道inflate方法通常有三个参数，分别是：resource、root、attachToRoot，表示的含义如下：

1:resource：xml布局的id。

2:root：解析成之后的View的父View，此参数只在attachToRoot为true才生效。

3:attachToRoot：决定解析出来的View是否添加到root上。

1.1:inflate方法

public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, @Nullable ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {

synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, "inflate");

final Context inflaterContext = mContext;

final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);

Context lastContext = (Context) mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = inflaterContext;

View result = root;

try {

advanceToRootNode(parser);

final String name = parser.getName();

if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {//如果是merge标签则直接解析下面的view

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

throw new InflateException(" can be used only with a valid "

+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");

}

rInflate(parser, root, inflaterContext, attrs, false);

} else {//如果不是，那么创建view

// Temp is the root view that was found in the xml

final View temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, inflaterContext, attrs);

ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;

if (root != null) {

params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);

if (!attachToRoot) {

temp.setLayoutParams(params);

}

}

// Inflate all children under temp against its context.

rInflateChildren(parser, temp, attrs, true);//递归解析下面的子view

if (root != null && attachToRoot) {

root.addView(temp, params);

}

if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {

result = temp;

}

}

} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(e.getMessage(), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (Exception e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(inflaterContext, attrs)

+ ": " + e.getMessage(), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} finally {

// Don't retain static reference on context.

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

mConstructorArgs[1] = null;

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

}

return result;

}

}

inflate处理了两件事

1:处理merge标签，解析下面的子view

2:当根标签不是merge的话递归处理下面的子view

1.2:rInflate方法

void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, Context context,

AttributeSet attrs, boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {

final int depth = parser.getDepth();

int type;

boolean pendingRequestFocus = false;

while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||

parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {

if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {

continue;

}

final String name = parser.getName();

if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) {--->解析request_focus标签

pendingRequestFocus = true;

consumeChildElements(parser);

} else if (TAG_TAG.equals(name)) {---->解析tag标签

parseViewTag(parser, parent, attrs);

} else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) {--------->解析include标签

if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {

throw new InflateException(" cannot be the root element");

}

parseInclude(parser, context, parent, attrs);

} else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {

throw new InflateException(" must be the root element");

} else {

final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, context, attrs);

final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;

final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);

rInflateChildren(parser, view, attrs, true);

viewGroup.addView(view, params);

}

}

if (pendingRequestFocus) {

parent.restoreDefaultFocus();

}

if (finishInflate) {

parent.onFinishInflate();

}

}

1.3:createViewFromTag

View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, Context context, AttributeSet attrs,

boolean ignoreThemeAttr) {

if (name.equals("view")) {--------->如果节点名字为view，则取节点下面的class属性值作为名称

name = attrs.getAttributeValue(null, "class");

}

// Apply a theme wrapper, if allowed and one is specified.

if (!ignoreThemeAttr) {-------->是否忽略主题资源

final TypedArray ta = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs, ATTRS_THEME);

final int themeResId = ta.getResourceId(0, 0);

if (themeResId != 0) {

context = new ContextThemeWrapper(context, themeResId);

}

ta.recycle();

}

try {

View view = tryCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);---->根据名称和属性值创建一个view,如果创建失败

if (view == null) {

final Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = context;

try {

if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {------------>是否是自定义的view,有.说明是自定义的view,因为自定义的view一般是包名+类名

view = onCreateView(context, parent, name, attrs);----->context和属性值传给view的构造方法

} else {

view = createView(context, name, null, attrs);---->原生的控件像TextView

}

} finally {

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

}

}

return view;

} catch (InflateException e) {

throw e;

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(context, attrs)

+ ": Error inflating class " + name, e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (Exception e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(context, attrs)

+ ": Error inflating class " + name, e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

}

}

1.4:tryCreateView

public final View tryCreateView(@Nullable View parent, @NonNull String name,

@NonNull Context context,

@NonNull AttributeSet attrs) {

if (name.equals(TAG_1995)) {--------->处理特殊名称

// Let's party like it's 1995!

return new BlinkLayout(context, attrs);

}

View view;-------->// mFactory和mFactory2是两个工厂类，可以对视图的创建进行hook，暂时不分析

if (mFactory2 != null) {

view = mFactory2.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);

} else if (mFactory != null) {

view = mFactory.onCreateView(name, context, attrs);

} else {

view = null;

}

if (view == null && mPrivateFactory != null) {

view = mPrivateFactory.onCreateView(parent, name, context, attrs);

}

return view;

}

1.5:onCreateView

public final View createView(@NonNull Context viewContext, @NonNull String name,

@Nullable String prefix, @Nullable AttributeSet attrs)

throws ClassNotFoundException, InflateException {

Objects.requireNonNull(viewContext);

Objects.requireNonNull(name);

Constructor extends View> constructor = sConstructorMap.get(name);--->缓存了所有解析过得构造方法

if (constructor != null && !verifyClassLoader(constructor)) {

constructor = null;

sConstructorMap.remove(name);

}

Class extends View> clazz = null;----->待解析view的class

try {

Trace.traceBegin(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW, name);

if (constructor == null) {----------->如果没有解析过或是类加载器不一样

// Class not found in the cache, see if it's real, and try to add it

clazz = Class.forName(prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name, false,

mContext.getClassLoader()).asSubclass(View.class);--->获取class

if (mFilter != null && clazz != null) {

boolean allowed = mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);

if (!allowed) {

failNotAllowed(name, prefix, viewContext, attrs);

}

}

constructor = clazz.getConstructor(mConstructorSignature);

constructor.setAccessible(true);

sConstructorMap.put(name, constructor);

} else {

// If we have a filter, apply it to cached constructor

if (mFilter != null) {

// Have we seen this name before?

Boolean allowedState = mFilterMap.get(name);

if (allowedState == null) {

// New class -- remember whether it is allowed

clazz = Class.forName(prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name, false,

mContext.getClassLoader()).asSubclass(View.class);

boolean allowed = clazz != null && mFilter.onLoadClass(clazz);

mFilterMap.put(name, allowed);

if (!allowed) {

failNotAllowed(name, prefix, viewContext, attrs);

}

} else if (allowedState.equals(Boolean.FALSE)) {

failNotAllowed(name, prefix, viewContext, attrs);

}

}

}

Object lastContext = mConstructorArgs[0];

mConstructorArgs[0] = viewContext;

Object[] args = mConstructorArgs;

args[1] = attrs;----->构造方法的第二个参数，所有的属性值attrs

try {

final View view = constructor.newInstance(args);---->根据属性值来构造一个view

if (view instanceof ViewStub) {

// Use the same context when inflating ViewStub later.

final ViewStub viewStub = (ViewStub) view;

viewStub.setLayoutInflater(cloneInContext((Context) args[0]));

}

return view;

} finally {

mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;

}

} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(viewContext, attrs)

+ ": Error inflating class " + (prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (ClassCastException e) {

// If loaded class is not a View subclass

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(viewContext, attrs)

+ ": Class is not a View " + (prefix != null ? (prefix + name) : name), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {

// If loadClass fails, we should propagate the exception.

throw e;

} catch (Exception e) {

final InflateException ie = new InflateException(

getParserStateDescription(viewContext, attrs) + ": Error inflating class "

+ (clazz == null ? "" : clazz.getName()), e);

ie.setStackTrace(EMPTY_STACK_TRACE);

throw ie;

} finally {

Trace.traceEnd(Trace.TRACE_TAG_VIEW);

}

}

LayoutInflater是通过反射的方式创建View，并将context以及AttributeSet对象作为参数传入。

1.6:解析子节点rInflateChildren

final void rInflateChildren(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, AttributeSet attrs,

boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {

rInflate(parser, parent, parent.getContext(), attrs, finishInflate);

}

调用rInflate方法来解析下面的子节点

3:总结

1:LayoutInflater是android用来解析xml布局文件的一个类

2:LayoutInflater内部使用Pull解析的方式，并对其进行了一定的扩展。

3:LayoutInflater在生成View节点的时候，是通过反射的方式创建View对象，

反射调用的构造方法是带两个参数的那个，所以在定义View的时候必须重写带两个参数的构造方法。

4:LayoutInflater在创建View对象的时候，会将xml节点的解析器AttributeSet传入到View的构造方法中。AttributeSet定义了用来解析xml节点属性的API。View通过AttributeSet生成TypedArray，并从中读取View节点中定义的属性。

最后LayoutInflater将会通过递归的方式创建xml根节点下的所有孩子节点。