Is there a DTD that I can use to validate my build files?
An incomplete DTD can be created by the <antstructure>
task - but this one has a few problems:
- It doesn't know about required attributes. Only manual tweaking of this file can help here.
- It is not complete - if you add new tasks via
<taskdef>
it won't know about it. See this page by Michel Casabianca for a solution to this problem. Note that the DTD you can download at this page is based on Ant 0.3.1. - It may even be an invalid DTD. As Ant allows tasks writers to define arbitrary elements, name collisions will happen quite frequently - if your version of Ant contains the optional
<test>
and<junit>
tasks, there are two XML elements namedtest
(the task and the nested child element of<junit>
) with different attribute lists. This problem cannot be solved; DTDs don't give a syntax rich enough to support this.
虽然dtd会限制ant的可扩展性但是在语法提示的诱惑下还是生成了这个DTD;
方法大致如下:
1.建立一个build.xml
2.输入内容:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project>
<target name="makedtd">
<antstructure output="project.dtd" />
</target>
</project>
3.到build.xml所在目录下执行ant_home%/bin/ant makedtd
4.BUILD FAILED!发生一个NoClassDefFoundError错误,大致是说org/apache/commons/net/ftp/FTPClientConfig没找到
但是project.dtd还是生成了,我这里这个ANT1.7生成的115KB。
5.为了解决这个问题首先查得FTPClientConfig是apache的commons-net包的,于是下载http://apache.mirror.phpchina.com/commons/net/binaries/commons-net-1.4.1.zip,放到ant_home的lib目录下 ,再次构建 OK ,没有错误提示project.dtd生成202KB。
不过好像给XMLSpy挂上还是没有语法提示 -_-
6.仔细看了一下原来生成的DTD里边有几处问题。
1)第六行<!ELEMENT project (target | %tasks; | %types;)*>
此行末尾的‘*’号应该为‘+’号因为每个build.xml都应该起码有一个<project>元素
2)根据XMLSpy提示,有个定义<!ELEMENT targe EMPTY>。
3) 根据XMLSpy提示<!ELEMENT FTP.........>这块也有问题,由于平时基本不会用到因此删掉。
OK 现在已经是个良好格式(well-formet)的project.dtd文件了。
现在通过XMLSpy根据此project.dtd 建立的build.xml就具备了一般的语法提示功能了。