第 17 章 NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol)

17.1. 安装SNMP

17.1.1. Ubuntu

search package

netkiller@neo:~$ apt-cache search snmp
libsnmp-base - NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) MIBs and Docs
libsnmp-perl - NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Perl5 Support
libsnmp-session-perl - Perl support for accessing SNMP-aware devices
libsnmp9 - NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Library
libsnmp9-dev - NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Development Files
snmp - NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Apps
snmpd - NET SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) Agents
php5-snmp - SNMP module for php5
tcpdump - A powerful tool for network monitoring and data acquisition
			

安装

netkiller@neo:~$ sudo apt-get install snmp snmpd
			

17.1.1.1. snmpd.conf

配置 /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf

配置agentAddress

agentAddress  udp:172.16.1.3:161
				

#       sec.name  source          community
com2sec paranoid  default          chen

#           incl/excl subtree                          mask
view all    included  .1                               80
view system included  .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.system
view system included  .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.host
view system included  .iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.interfaces
				

.iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib-2.host 可以使用命令 snmptranslate -Onf -IR hrStorageDescr得到

参考:http://www.mkssoftware.com/docs/man1/snmptranslate.1.asp

17.1.1.2. SNMP v3

neo@debian:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmpd stop
Stopping network management services: snmpd snmptrapd.

neo@debian:~$ sudo net-snmp-config --create-snmpv3-user -ro -a "netadminpassword" netadmin
adding the following line to /var/lib/snmp/snmpd.conf:
   createUser netadmin MD5 "netadminpassword" DES
adding the following line to /usr/share/snmp/snmpd.conf:
   rouser netadmin

neo@debian:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/snmpd start
Starting network management services: snmpd.
				

test

				
neo@debian:~$ snmpget -v 3 -u netadmin -l authNoPriv -a MD5 -A <passwd> 127.0.0.1 sysUpTime.0
DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (6342) 0:01:03.42
				
				

With a different password this fails:

neo@debian:~$ snmpget -v 3 -u netadmin -l authNoPriv -a MD5 -A nopasswd 127.0.0.1 sysUpTime.0
snmpget: Authentication failure (incorrect password, community or key) (Sub-id not found: (top) -> sysUpTime)
				

Note that this can be stuck in a snmp.conf file in ~/.snmp:

				
neo@debian:~$ mkdir ~/.snmp
neo@debian:~$ vim ~/.snmp/snmp.conf
defSecurityName netadmin
defContext ""
defAuthType MD5
defSecurityLevel authNoPriv
defAuthPassphrase <netadminpassword>
defVersion 3
				
				

test

neo@debian:~$ snmpget 127.0.0.1 sysUpTime.0
DISMAN-EVENT-MIB::sysUpTimeInstance = Timeticks: (39471) 0:06:34.71
				

17.1.2. CentOS

			
yum install net-snmp -y

cp /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf{,.original}

vim /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf <<VIM > /dev/null 2>&1
:62,62s/systemview/all/
:85,85s/^#//
:162,162s/syslocation Unknown/syslocation Neo/
:163,163s/syscontact Root <root@localhost>/syscontact Neo <netkiller@msn.com>/
:wq
VIM

service snmpd start
chkconfig snmpd on
			
			

17.1.2.1. Configure SNMPv3 on CentOS or RHEL

# yum install net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel
# service snmpd stop
# net-snmp-create-v3-user -ro -A snmpv3pass -a MD5 -x DES snmpv3user
# service snmpd start
				

Test SNMPv3

# snmpwalk -u snmpv3user -A snmpv3pass -a MD5 -l authnoPriv 192.168.1.2 -v3				
		

原文出处：Netkiller 系列 手札
本文作者：陈景峯
转载请与作者联系，同时请务必标明文章原始出处和作者信息及本声明。