Cobbler应用

Cobbler简介：

Cobbler是一个快速网络安装linux的服务，而且在经过调整也可以支持网络安装windows。该工具使用python开发，小巧轻便（才15k行代码），使用简单的命令即可完成PXE网络安装环境的配置，同时还可以管理DHCP，DNS，以及yum包镜像。

实验：安装Cobbler，能够自动安装系统。

1，  安装Cobbler，（在安装cobbler之前 还需要安装应用）

#yum install cobbler-web pykickstart debmirror

#yum install cobbler

2，  启动服务

# service httpd start

#service cobblerd start

LISTEN    0      5                              127.0.0.1:25151                                 *:*

3，  进行检查

Cobbler check

1 : The'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other thanlocalhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IPfor the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.

2 : ForPXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must beset to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the bootserver on the PXE network.

3 : somenetwork boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handlex86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent*version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this messageentirely.  Files in this directory,should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0,menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is theeasiest way to resolve these requirements.

4 :change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/rsync

5 :debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debiandeployments and repositories

6 :ksvalidator was not found, install pykickstart

7 : Thedefault password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines(default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler'and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here''your-password-here'" to generate new one

8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to usethe (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to usethem

如上各问题的解决方法如下所示：

（1）、修改/etc/cobbler/settings文件中的server参数的值为提供cobbler服务的主机相应的IP地址或主机名，如172.16.100.15；

（2）、修改/etc/cobbler/settings文件中的next_server参数的值为提供PXE服务的主机相应的IP地址，如172.16.100.16；

（3）、如果当前节点可以访问互联网，执行“cobbler get-loaders”命令即可；否则，需要安装syslinux程序包，而后复制/usr/share/syslinux/{pxelinux.0,memu.c32}等文件至/var/lib/cobbler/loaders/目录中；

（4）、执行“chkconfigrsync on”命令即可；

（5）、注释/etc/debmirror.conf文件中的“@dists="sid";”一行；

（6）、注释/etc/debmirror.conf文件中的“@arches="i386";”一行；

（7）、执行“opensslpasswd -1 -salt $(openssl rand -hex 4)”生成密码，并用其替换/etc/cobbler/settings文件中default_password_crypted参数的值；

（8）、执行“yum install cman fence-agents”命令安装相应的程序包即可；

 

 

4，# openssl passwd -1-salt `openssl rand -hex 4`

Password:（caoshujia）

$1$001ebc8f$VxYLBp0cdy/7TaGodSaxV0

 

default_password_crypted:"$1$mF86/UHC$WvcIcX2t6crBz2onWxyac."

然后把上面得出的替换掉现有的

default_password_crypted: "$1$001ebc8f$VxYLBp0cdy/7TaGodSaxV0"

然后保存退出

 

5，重启cobbler

#service cobblerd restart

 

6，拷贝文件

  #cd /usr/share/syslinux/

  #cp-r ./* /var/lib/cobbler/loaders/

 

7，安装dhcp服务，编辑配置文件，启动服务

   #yuminstall dhcp –y

   #cp /usr/share/doc/dhcp-4.1.1/dhcpd.conf.sample /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

  #vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf

   optiondomain-name "mageedu.com"; 修改域名，根据实际情况而定

option domain-name-servers 172.16.0.1;

 

subnet 172.16.0.0 netmask 255.255.0.0 {

  range 172.16.31.101172.16.31.201;

  option routers 172.16.31.10;

}

 

next-server 172.16.31.10;

filename="pxelinux.0";

 

# service dhcpd start

UNCONN     0      0  *:67                                    *:*

8，启动tftp服务

   #chkconfig tftp on

   #service xinetd start

   #ss –tunl

udp   UNCONN     0      0       *:69                                 *:*

 

9，使用distro

                                

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然后挂载

# mount /dev/cdrom  /mnt –r

# ls /mnt

CentOS_BuildTag  p_w_picpaths                    repodata                      RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6

EFI              isolinux                  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6           TRANS.TBL

EULA             Packages                  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6

GPL              RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html  RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6

 

然后用cobbler import 导入

# cobbler import --path=/mnt--name=centos-6.5-x86_64

（开始导入，建议找一个小一点的导入，这一步很慢，请耐心等待）

# cobbler distro list

  centos-6.5-x86_64   （表示已经完成系统导入）

然后cd /tmp  

#wget http://172.16.0.1/centos6.x86_64.cfg（下载cfg文件，这个是系统配置信息）

# cobbler profile add--name=centos-6.5-x86_64-basic --distro=centos-6.5-x86_64 --kickstart=/tmp/centos6.x86_64.cfg（检测文件是否有语法错误）

 

# cobbler profile list

  centos-6.5-x86_64

  centos-6.5-x86_64-basic

在修改# cd /tmp/ centos6.x86_64.cfg文件

url --url=http://172.16.31.10/cobbler/ks_mirror/centos-6.5-x86_64/ 修改为提供服务的地址

 

# cobbler profile edit--name=centos-6.5-x86_64-basic --distro=centos-6.5-x86_64--kickstart=/tmp/centos6.x86_64.cfg

 

# cobbler sync



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