一、首先配置orm
1、首先在settings.py中配置(数据库需要手动提前先建好)
注释以下内容(47行)
# 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'orm_db1',
'HOST':'127.0.0.1',
'PORT':3306,
'USER':'root',
'PASSWORD':'mariadb.123',
}
}
2、在__init__.py中添加以下内容:
import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()
二、在项目中配置
1、在models.py中创建用户表与字段填写
from django.db import models
class User(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
password = models.CharField(max_length=32)
address = models.CharField(max_length=32)
phone=models.CharField(max_length=64,default='120')
#______________ 分割线,另做其他使用___________________________
class Publish(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
email = models.EmailField()
addr = models.CharField(max_length=64)
class Author(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
address = models.CharField(max_length=32)
class Book(models.Model):
id = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
name = models.CharField(max_length=32)
# 21.38
price = models.DecimalField(max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
# 一对多的关系确立,关联字段写在多的一方,orm自动在publish后面加id,publish_id
publish = models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', to_field='id')
# 多对多关系,orm会自动创建第三张表
authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
1 python3 manage.py makemigrations ----记录一下数据库的变化
2 python3 manage.py migrate ----将变化同步到数据库中
2、在总路由添加以后可能要添加的功能路由地址与对应的视图
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls),
url(r'^user_list/',views.user_list),
url(r'^delete/',views.delete),
url(r'^add/',views.add),
url(r'^edit/',views.edit),
]
3、在视图功能文件中填写:views.py
from django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponse,redirect
from app01 import models
# Create your views here.
def user_list(request):
if request.method=='GET':
# 查询user表中所有数据.--相当于sql select * from app01_user;
# 返回结果是QuerySet对象(先当成列表)
# [user1,user2]
# 单表查询所有用户
ret=models.User.objects.all()
# print(type(ret))
# for i in ret:
# print(type(i))
# print(i.name)
return render(request,'user_list.html',{'user_list':ret})
def delete(request):
# get请求携带参数:http://127.0.0.1:8000/deleteuser/?id=1
if request.method=='GET':
# 后台取值:request.GET.get('id')
id=request.GET.get('id')
# orm删除记录
models.User.objects.filter(id=id).delete()
return redirect('/user_list/')
def add(request):
if request.method=='GET':
return render(request, 'add.html')
elif request.method=="POST":
# 前台post提交的数据取值:
name=request.POST.get('name')
pwd=request.POST.get('password')
addr=request.POST.get('addr')
phe=request.POST.get('phone_a')
# 方式一
# user=models.User(name=name,password=pwd,address=addr)
# user.save() #写入数据库
# 方式二
models.User.objects.create(name=name,password=pwd,address=addr,phone=phe)
return redirect('/user_list/')
def edit(request):
if request.method=='GET':
id=request.GET.get('id')
# orm查询单条数据
user=models.User.objects.filter(id=id).first()
return render(request,'edit.html',{'user':user})
if request.method=='POST':
id=request.POST.get("id")
name = request.POST.get('name')
pwd = request.POST.get('password')
addr = request.POST.get('addr')
phe = request.POST.get('phone_a')
# orm的修改
models.User.objects.filter(id=id).update(name=name,password=pwd,address=addr,phone=phe)
return redirect('/user_list/')
4、在templates目录中创建以下html文件
add.html
edit.html
user_list.html
add.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>新增用户</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="" method="post">
<p>用户名: <input type="text" name="name"></p>
<p>密码: <input type="password" name="password"></p>
<p>地址: <input type="text" name="addr"></p>
<p>电话:<input type="text" name="phone_a"></p>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
edit.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/edit/?id={{ user.id }}" method="post">
<p><input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{ user.id }}"></p>
<p>用户名: <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ user.name }}"></p>
<p>密码: <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ user.password }}"></p>
<p>地址: <input type="text" name="addr" value="{{ user.address }}"></p>
<p>电话:<input type="text" name="phone_a" value="{{ user.phone }}"></p>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
user_list.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1">
<thead>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>name</th>
<th>password</th>
<th>address</th>
<th>phone</th>
<th>delete</th>
<th>add</th>
<th>edit</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
{% for user in user_list %}
<tr>
<td>{{ user.id }}</td>
<td>{{ user.name }}</td>
<td>{{ user.password }}</td>
<td>{{ user.address }}</td>
<td>{{ user.phone }}</td>
<td><a href="/delete?id={{ user.id }}">删除</a> </td>
<td><a href="/edit?id={{ user.id }}">编辑</a></td>
<td><a href="/add/">新增用户</a></td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</tbody>
</table>
</body>
</html>
总结:
1 orm 创建表,新增字段,修改,删除字段,不能创建数据库
-字段属性phone=models.CharField(max_length=64,null=True)
-null=True 代表该列可以为空
2 数据的增删改查
-增(1):User.objects.create(address='')
-增(2):实例化产生一个user对象,user对象的save方法
-删:User.objects.filter(id=1,name='lqz').first().delete()
-删:User.objects.filter(id=1,name='lqz').delete()
-改:User.objects.filter(id=1,name='lqz').update()
-查:User.objects.all()
user=User.objects.filter(name='lqz')
user.name
3 前后台交互
-id=1&name='lqz'&
<form action="/updateuser/?id={{ user.id }}" method="post">
<p><input type="hidden" name="id" value="{{ user.id }}"></p>
<p>用户名: <input type="text" name="name" value="{{ user.name }}"></p>
<p>密码: <input type="text" name="password" value="{{ user.password }}"></p>
<p>地址: <input type="text" name="addr" value="{{ user.address }}"></p>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
4 django生命周期
5 一对多,多对多
-publish_id
-publish=models.ForeignKey(to='Publish', to_field='id')
book.publish_id
book.publish
多对多:(自动创建第三张表)
authors = models.ManyToManyField(to='Author')
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/silencezone/2325662