PHP Composer 安装与使用

最新推荐文章于 2021-03-09 17:48:59 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-03-09 17:48:59 发布

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文章标签： php json 开发工具

原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/lixiphp/1185070

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博文源地址：http://blog.lixiphp.com/php-composer-install-and-use/

Composer 是 PHP中用来管理依赖(dependency)关系的工具。你可以在自己的项目中声明所依赖的外部工具库( libraries)， Composer会帮你安装这些依赖的库文件。

PHP Composer 安装

系统需求：

Composer 需要PHP5.3.2+ 以上的环境来运行。有几个敏感的PHP设置和编译标志也是必需的，但安装程序会发出警告当存在任何不兼容的情况。

比如PHP的扩展的要求是，安装或重新编译php without –disable-phar

为了从源地址安装软件包，而不是简单的压缩文件包，您将需要安装软件包的版本控制工具，比如git、svn或hg等。

Composer 是兼容多平台的，其运行适用于Windows，Linux和OSX。

安装失败的错误消息：

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | PHP
#!/usr/bin/env php
some settings on your machine make Composer unable to work properly.
Make sure that you fix the issues listed below and run this script again:

The phar extension is missing.
Install it or recompile php without –disable-phar

Your PHP (5.2.9) is too old, you must upgrade to PHP 5.3.2 or higher.

我的本地默认开发环境是PHP 5.2.9，当我尝试在PHP 5.2.9上安装时，提示版本过低，需要升级到PHP 5.3.2 或者更高的版本。

于是我下载XAMPP 1.7.7 usb lite 版本。

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php53>E:\USB\xampp_177\php\php.exe -v
PHP 5.3.8 (cli) (built: Aug 23 2011 11:50:20)
Copyright (c) 1997-2011 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.3.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2011 Zend Technologies

XAMPP 1.7.7 下的PHP环境是5.3.8。确认我的PHP环境大于等于PHP5.3.2后。

PHP 5.3 安装 Composer

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php53>curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | E:\USB\xampp_177\php\php.exe
#!/usr/bin/env php
Some settings on your machine may cause stability issues with Composer.
If you encounter issues, try to change the following:

The openssl extension is missing, which will reduce the security and stability o
f Composer.
If possible you should enable it or recompile php with –with-openssl

Downloading…

Composer successfully installed to: E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php53\composer.phar
Use it: php composer.phar

注意：

我关闭了XAMPP 1.7.7 Apache的SSL模块，所以Composer提示我警告，为了安全因素建议我开启SSL模块。不开启也不影响使用。
安装时的参数 | PHP，一定要更改为真实的PHP环境路径，比如 | E:\USB\xampp_177\php\php.exe
使用Composer为PHP路径 + 命令，在我们安装的环境中，使用方法为：E:\USB\xampp_177\php/php.exe composer.phar 命令。
我安装的环境是在Windows下，如果在Linux下，而PHP 5.3 环境也不在默认PHP命令下时，应该采用 | /usr/php/53/usr/bin/php，例如：

curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | /usr/php/53/usr/bin/php

安装完成后，检查安装版本。

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php53>E:\USB\xampp_177\php/php.exe composer.phar -V
Composer version 0209bd31a0ac3aeb2a68fc81e2d03c71072bef33

检查PHP Composer命令：

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php53>E:\USB\xampp_177\php/php.exe composer.phar
   ______
/ ____/___ ____ ___ ____ ____ ________ _____
/ /   / __ \/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ \/ ___/ _ \/ ___/
/ /___/ /_/ / / / / / / /_/ / /_/ (__ ) __/ /
\____/\____/_/ /_/ /_/ .___/\____/____/\___/_/
                    /_/
Composer version 0209bd31a0ac3aeb2a68fc81e2d03c71072bef33

Usage:
[options] command [arguments]

Options:
–help           -h Display this help message.
–quiet          -q Do not output any message.
–verbose        -v Increase verbosity of messages.
–version        -V Display this application version.
–ansi              Force ANSI output.
–no-ansi           Disable ANSI output.
–no-interaction -n Do not ask any interactive question.
–profile           Display timing and memory usage information
–working-dir    -d If specified, use the given directory as working directory
.

Available commands:
about            Short information about Composer
archive          Create an archive of this composer package
config           Set config options
create-project   Create new project from a package into given directory.
depends          Shows which packages depend on the given package
diagnose         Diagnoses the system to identify common errors.
dump-autoload    Dumps the autoloader
dumpautoload     Dumps the autoloader
help             Displays help for a command
init             Creates a basic composer.json file in current directory.
install          Installs the project dependencies from the composer.lock file
if present, or falls back on the composer.json.
list             Lists commands
require          Adds required packages to your composer.json and installs the
m
run-script       Run the scripts defined in composer.json.
search           Search for packages
self-update      Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
selfupdate       Updates composer.phar to the latest version.
show             Show information about packages
status           Show a list of locally modified packages
update           Updates your dependencies to the latest version according to
composer.json, and updates the composer.lock file.
validate         Validates a composer.json

这样我们在PHP5.3环境下的Composer已经安装完成。

类似的方法我们也可以安装PHP 5.4的环境上。

PHP 5.4 安装 Composer

下载XAMPP 1.8.1 usb lite 版本，将得到PHP5.4.7环境。

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php53>E:\USB\xampp_181\php\php.exe -v
PHP 5.4.7 (cli) (built: Sep 12 2012 23:48:31)
Copyright (c) 1997-2012 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2012 Zend Technologies

确定版本高于PHP 5.3.2 后，开始安装：

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php54>curl -sS https://getcomposer.org/installer | E:\USB\xampp_181\php\php.exe
#!/usr/bin/env php
Some settings on your machine may cause stability issues with Composer.
If you encounter issues, try to change the following:

The openssl extension is missing, which will reduce the security and stability o
f Composer.
If possible you should enable it or recompile php with –with-openssl

Downloading…

Composer successfully installed to: E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php54\composer.phar
Use it: php composer.phar

安装完成后，检查安装版本。

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php54>E:\USB\xampp_181\php/php.exe composer.phar -V
Composer version 0209bd31a0ac3aeb2a68fc81e2d03c71072bef33

这样，PHP 5.4 环境下的Composer也安装成功了。

PHP Composer 使用

这里我只简单演示使用PHP Composer安装Symfony框架。

首先大概讲解一下命令的标准格式：

php composer.phar create-project symfony/framework-standard-edition path/ 2.2.1

第一个参数PHP为本地PHP开发环境，指向PHP运行命令。
第二个参数，为composer.phar方式下载。
第三个参数，为动作命令，例如create-project，目的是为了创建一个新的项目从一个软件包到指定目录。
第四个参数，为本地安装的目录。
第五个参数，为安装软件包的版本。

根据上述我们在PHP5.4环境下安装的Composer，我们的安装命令为：

E:\USB\Dropbox\phpstorm\php54>E:\USB\xampp_181\php/php.exe composer.phar create-project symfony/framework-standard-edition E:\USB\xampp_181\htdocs\Symfony 2.2.1

安装结果：

Installing symfony/framework-standard-edition (v2.2.1)
– Installing symfony/framework-standard-edition (v2.2.1)
    Downloading: 100%

Created project in E:\USB\xampp_181\htdocs\Symfony
Loading composer repositories with package information
Installing dependencies from lock file
– Installing doctrine/lexer (v1.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/annotations (v1.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/cache (v1.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/collections (v1.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing twig/twig (v1.12.2)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing psr/log (1.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/inflector (v1.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/common (2.4.0-RC1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing symfony/symfony (v2.2.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jdorn/sql-formatter (v1.2.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/dbal (2.3.3)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/doctrine-bundle (v1.2.0-beta1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing doctrine/orm (2.3.3)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jms/cg (1.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing phpoption/phpoption (1.2.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jms/parser-lib (1.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jms/metadata (1.3.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jms/aop-bundle (1.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jms/di-extra-bundle (1.3.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing jms/security-extra-bundle (1.4.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing sensio/distribution-bundle (v2.2.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing sensio/framework-extra-bundle (v2.2.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing sensio/generator-bundle (v2.2.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing kriswallsmith/assetic (v1.1.0-alpha4)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing symfony/assetic-bundle (v2.1.2)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing monolog/monolog (1.4.1)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing symfony/monolog-bundle (v2.2.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing swiftmailer/swiftmailer (v4.3.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing symfony/swiftmailer-bundle (v2.2.0)
    Downloading: 100%

– Installing twig/extensions (v1.0.0)
    Downloading: 100%

kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing leafo/lessphp (Assetic provides the integration with the lessphp LESS compiler)
kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing leafo/scssphp (Assetic provides the integration with the scssphp SCSS compiler)
kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing leafo/scssphp-compass (Assetic provides the integration with the SCSS compass plugin)
kriswallsmith/assetic suggests installing ptachoire/cssembed (Assetic provides the integration with phpcssembed to embed data uris)
monolog/monolog suggests installing doctrine/couchdb (Allow sending log messages to a CouchDB server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing ext-amqp (Allow sending log messages to an AMQP server (1.0+ required))
monolog/monolog suggests installing ext-mongo (Allow sending log messages to a MongoDB server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing mlehner/gelf-php (Allow sending log messages to a GrayLog2 server)
monolog/monolog suggests installing raven/raven (Allow sending log messages to a Sentry server)
Generating autoload files
Clearing the cache for the dev environment with debug true
Installing assets using the hard copy option
Installing assets for Symfony\Bundle\FrameworkBundle into web/bundles/framework
Installing assets for Acme\DemoBundle into web/bundles/acmedemo
Installing assets for Sensio\Bundle\DistributionBundle into web/bundles/sensiodistribution