一、简易版Promise

const PENDING = 'pending'
const RESOLVED = 'resolved'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'

function MyPromise(fn) {
    const that = this
    that.state = PENDING
    that.value = null
    that.resolvedCallbacks = []
    that.rejectedCallbacks = []
    // 待完善resolve和reject函数
    // 待完善执行 fn 函数
}
复制代码

首先我们创建了三个常量用于表示状态，对于经常使用的一些值都应该通过常量来管理，便于开发及后期维护。
在函数体内部首先创建了常量that，因为代码可能会异步执行，用于获取正确的this对象
一开始Promise的状态应该是pending
value 变量用于保存 resolve 或者 reject 中传入的值
resolvedCallbacks 和 rejectedCallbacks 用于保存 then 中的回调，因为当执行完 Promise 时状态可能还是等待中，这时候应该把then中的回调保存起来用于状态改变时使用

接下来我们来完善 resolve 和 reject 函数，添加在 MyPromise函数体内部

function resolve(value) {
    if (that.state === PENDING) {
        that.state = RESOLVED
        that.value = value
        that.resolvedCallbacks.map(cb => cb(that.value))
    }
}

function reject(value) {
    if (that.state === PENDING) {
        that.state = REJECTED
        that.value = value
        that.rejectedCallbacks.map(cb => cb(that.value))
    }
}
复制代码

首先两个函数都得判断当前状态是否都为等待中，因为规范只有等待态才可以改变状态
将当前状态更改为对应状态，并且将闯入的值赋值给value
遍历回调数组并执行

完成以上两个函数以后，我们就该实现如何执行Promise中传入的函数了

try {
    fn(resolve, reject)
} catch (e) {
    reject(e)
}
复制代码

实现很简单，执行传入的参数并且将之前两个函数当做参数传进去
要注意的是，可能执行函数过程中会遇到错误，需要捕获错误并且执行reject函数

最后我们来实现较为复杂的then函数

MyPromise.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
    const that = this
    onFulfilled = typeof onFulfilled === 'function' ? onFulfilled : v => v
    onRejected = typeof onRejected == 'function' ? onRejected : r => {
        throw r
    }
    if (that.state === PENDING) {
        that.resolvedCallbacks.push(onFulfilled)
        that.rejectedCallbacks.push(onRejected)
    }
    if (that.state === RESOLVED) {
        onFulfilled(that.value)
    }
    if (that.state === REJECTED) {
        onRejected(that.value)
    }
}
复制代码

首先判断两个参数是否为函数类型，因为这两个参数是可选参数
当参数不是函数类型时，需要创建一个函数赋值为对应的参数，同时也实现了透传，如下代码

// 该代码目前在简单版中会报错，只是作为一个透传的例子
Promise.resolve(4).then().then((value) => console.log(value))
复制代码

接下来就是一系列判断状态的逻辑，当状态不是等待时，就去执行相对应的函数。如果状态是等待态的话，就往回调函数中 push 函数，比如如下代码就会进入等待态的逻辑

new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
    setTimeout(() => {
        resolve(1)
    },0)
}).then(value => {
    console.log(value)
})
复制代码

以上就是简单版Promise的实现。

const PENDING = 'pending'
const RESOLVED = 'resolved'
const REJECTED = 'rejected'

function MyPromise(fn) {
    const that = this
    that.state = PENDING
    that.value = null
    that.resolvedCallbacks = []
    that.resolvedCallbacks = []
    
    function resolve(value) {
        if (that.state === PENDING) {
            that.state = RESOLVED
            that.value = value
            that.resolvedCallbacks.map(cb => cb(that.value))
        }
    }
    
    function reject(value) {
        if (that.state === PENDING) {
            that.state = REJECTED
            that.value = value
            that.rejectedCallbacks.map(cb => cb(that.value))
        }
    }
    
    try {
        fn(resolve, reject)
    } catch (e) {
        reject(e)
    }
}

MyPromise.prototype.then = function(onFulfilled, onRejected) {
    const that = this
    onFulfilled = typeof onFulfilled === 'function' ? onFulfilled : v => v
    onRejected = typeof onRejected === 'function' ? onRejected : r => {
        throw r
    }
    
    if (that.state === PENDING) {
        that.resolvedCallbacks.push(onFulfilled)
        that.rejectedCallbacks.push(onRejected)
    }
    
    if (that.state === RESOLVED) {
        onFulfilled(that.value)
    }
    if (that.state === REJECTED) {
        onRejected(that.value)
    }
}
// 此匿名函数接受两个参数resolve，reject
new MyPromise((resolve, reject) => {
    setTimeout(() => {
        resolve(1)
    },0)
}).then(value => {
  console.log(value)
})
复制代码