Oracle技术之如何找回ASM中数据文件

最新推荐文章于 2021-05-03 20:55:04 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2021-05-03 20:55:04 发布

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原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/19880614/1270724

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很多时候由于asm不能正常启动，导致数据丢失。下面提供两种方法找回asm中的数据文件

一.使用AMDU工具

AMDU是Oracle 11g里自带的一个免费的工具，用于分析ASM磁盘组的元数据以及从不能mount的磁盘组中往外抽取数据文件“NOTE:553639.1 Placeholder for AMDU binaries and using with ASM 10g”明确指出：AMDU也可用于10g，并提供了可用于10g的AMDU的各个操作系统的版本供大家下载。

1.设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH

rac1-> export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/tmp/amdu

2.查看asm磁盘信息

rac1-> ./amdu -diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*'

amdu_2012_03_05_03_17_19/

rac1-> cd amdu_2012_03_05_03_17_19/

rac1-> ls

report.txt

rac1-> more report.txt

-*-amdu-*-

******************************* AMDU Settings ********************************

ORACLE_HOME = /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1

System name: Linux

Node name: rac1

Release: 2.6.9-89.0.0.0.1.ELhugemem

Version: #1 SMP Tue May 19 04:38:38 EDT 2009

Machine: i686

amdu run: 05-MAR-12 03:17:19

Endianess: 1

--------------------------------- Operations ---------------------------------

------------------------------- Disk Selection -------------------------------

-diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*'

------------------------------ Reading Control -------------------------------

------------------------------- Output Control -------------------------------

********************************* DISCOVERY **********************************

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0001 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw23

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 156 megabytes

** NOT A VALID ASM DISK HEADER. BAD VALUE IN FIELD blksize_kfdhdb **

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0002 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw11

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 156 megabytes

** NOT A VALID ASM DISK HEADER. BAD VALUE IN FIELD blksize_kfdhdb **

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0003 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw32

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 156 megabytes

** NOT A VALID ASM DISK HEADER. BAD VALUE IN FIELD blksize_kfdhdb **

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0004 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw31

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 156 megabytes

** NOT A VALID ASM DISK HEADER. BAD VALUE IN FIELD blksize_kfdhdb **

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0005 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw12

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 156 megabytes

** NOT A VALID ASM DISK HEADER. BAD VALUE IN FIELD blksize_kfdhdb **

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0006 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw2

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 1976 megabytes

Group Name: DATA

Disk Name: DATA_0001

Failure Group Name: DATA_0001

Disk Number: 1

Header Status: 3

Disk Creation Time: 2012/03/01 22:32:39.289000

Last Mount Time: 2012/03/05 02:10:02.771000

Compatibility Version: 0x0a100000

Disk Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk size in AUs: 1976 AUs

Group Redundancy: 1

Metadata Block Size: 4096 bytes

AU Size: 1048576 bytes

Stride: 113792 AUs

Group Creation Time: 2012/03/01 22:32:39.221000

File 1 Block 1 location: AU 0

----------------------------- DISK REPORT N0007 ------------------------------

Disk Path: /dev/raw/raw1

Unique Disk ID:

Disk Label:

Physical Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk Size: 3137 megabytes

Group Name: DATA

Disk Name: DATA_0000

Failure Group Name: DATA_0000

Disk Number: 0

Header Status: 3

Disk Creation Time: 2012/03/01 22:32:39.289000

Last Mount Time: 2012/03/05 02:10:02.771000

Compatibility Version: 0x0a100000

Disk Sector Size: 512 bytes

Disk size in AUs: 3137 AUs

Group Redundancy: 1

Metadata Block Size: 4096 bytes

AU Size: 1048576 bytes

Stride: 113792 AUs

Group Creation Time: 2012/03/01 22:32:39.221000

File 1 Block 1 location: AU 2

******************************* END OF REPORT ********************************

从这里可以得到信息如下：

1)只有/dev/raw/raw1和raw2是有效的asm磁盘

2)磁盘组只有DATA

3.找出数据文件信息

rac1-> ../amdu -diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*' -dump 'DATA'

amdu_2012_03_05_03_19_38/

rac1-> cd amdu_2012_03_05_03_19_38/

rac1-> ls

DATA_0001.img DATA.map report.txt

rac1-> strings DATA_0001.img |grep DATAFILE

DATAFILE

DEVDB/DATAFILE/SYSTEM.256.776817753

DEVDB/DATAFILE/SYSAUX.257.776817753

DEVDB/DATAFILE/UNDOTBS1.258.776817753

DEVDB/DATAFILE/USERS.259.776817753

DEVDB/DATAFILE/UNDOTBS2.267.776817909

从这里可以得出数据文件的file号(第一位数字)

4.恢复数据文件

rac1-> ../../amdu -diskstring '/dev/raw/raw*' -extract 'DATA.259'

amdu_2012_03_05_03_27_21/

rac1-> cd amdu_2012_03_05_03_27_21/

rac1-> ls -l

total 5148

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 5251072 Mar 5 03:27 DATA_259.f

-rw-r--r-- 1 oracle oinstall 6468 Mar 5 03:27 report.txt

rac1-> dbv file=DATA_259.f

DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Mar 5 03:28:00 2012

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = DATA_259.f

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined : 640

Total Pages Processed (Data) : 15

Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0

Total Pages Processed (Index): 2

Total Pages Failing (Index): 0

Total Pages Processed (Other): 26

Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0

Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0

Total Pages Empty : 597

Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0

Total Pages Influx : 0

Highest block SCN : 442362 (0.442362)

二.使用aulasm工具

1.配置ASM使用磁盘

[root@rac1 oracle]# more disk

/dev/sdb1

/dev/sdb2

2.使用aulasm

[root@rac1 oracle]# ./aulasm_linux32_trial.bin

AUL : AnySQL UnLoader(MyDUL) for Oracle ASM, release 2.0.0

ASM> help

SET -- set options (BLOCK_SIZE, AU_SIZE, F1B1_DISK, F1B1_AU)

OPEN -- open data file

ADD -- add disk with customized disk num (disk, path)

LIST -- list opened disks information (to)

LSAU -- list file of given AU (disk, au, count)

FILE -- list all file entries in ASM (file, [disk, au, block]).

ALIAS -- list all alias entries in ASM (file, [disk, au, block]).

EXTENT -- list or adjust variable extent (level, au, count).

FMAP -- list file extent (file, [disk, au, block], to)

DUMP -- dump file extent (file, [disk, au, block], offset, to)

COPY -- copy file to os (file, [disk, au, block], to)

QUIT/EXIT -- exit the program.

ASM> open disk

2012-03-05 03:32:48

ASM> list

2012-03-05 03:32:49

Total Disks = 2, ausize=1048576, blksize=4096

disk size block disk name disk group disk path

===== ======== ===== ================ ============ ========================

0 3137 4096 DATA_0000 DATA /dev/sdb1

1 1976 4096 DATA_0001 DATA /dev/sdb2

f1b1disk = 0, f1b1au = 2, score=256, compat=0x0a100000

file=(1,0,2,1), disk=(2,0,2,2), alias=(6,0,2,6)

2012-03-05 03:32:49

ASM> alias

2012-03-05 03:33:15

file inc parent fstblk flag refer alias

======== ============ ====== ====== ==== ====== ==========================

-1 -1 0 0 4 1 DEVDB

-1 -1 0 1 4 2 DATAFILE

-1 -1 0 1 4 3 CONTROLFILE

-1 -1 0 1 4 4 ONLINELOG

-1 -1 0 1 4 5 TEMPFILE

-1 -1 0 1 4 6 PARAMETERFILE

-1 -1 0 1 4 7 ARCHIVELOG

256 776817753 1 2 18 -1 SYSTEM

257 776817753 1 2 18 -1 SYSAUX

258 776817753 1 2 18 -1 UNDOTBS1

259 776817753 1 2 18 -1 USERS

267 776817909 1 2 18 -1 UNDOTBS2

261 776817829 1 3 18 -1 Current

260 776817829 1 3 18 -1 Current

262 776817833 1 4 18 -1 group_1

263 776817835 1 4 18 -1 group_1

264 776817837 1 4 18 -1 group_2

265 776817841 1 4 18 -1 group_2

268 776818011 1 4 18 -1 group_3

269 776818013 1 4 18 -1 group_3

270 776818015 1 4 18 -1 group_4

271 776818017 1 4 18 -1 group_4

266 776817859 1 5 18 -1 TEMP

272 776818021 1 6 18 -1 spfile

-1 -1 1 7 4 8 2012_03_01

-1 -1 1 7 4 9 2012_03_03

-1 -1 1 7 4 10 2012_03_05

273 776818747 7 8 18 -1 thread_1_seq_2

274 776819571 7 8 18 -1 thread_1_seq_3

275 776819721 7 8 18 -1 thread_2_seq_1

276 776820331 7 8 18 -1 thread_1_seq_4

277 776992321 7 9 18 -1 thread_1_seq_5

278 776992321 7 9 18 -1 thread_2_seq_2

279 777089437 7 10 18 -1 thread_1_seq_6

2012-03-05 03:33:15

ASM> fmap file 259

2012-03-05 03:34:49

fid=259, disk=0, au=56, block=3

siz=5, ecnt=6, eeof=6, flags=17, type=12, alias=109,-1

extid disk auid cnt flg chk

========== ===== ========== ==== === ===

1 0 428 1 0 135

2 1 408 1 0 178

3 0 429 1 0 134

4 1 409 1 0 179

5 0 430 1 0 133

6 1 410 1 0 176

2012-03-05 03:34:49

ASM> copy file 259 to user_259

2012-03-05 03:35:01

[root@rac1 oracle]# ll

total 6252

-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 84619 Mar 6 2012 aulasm_linux32_trial.bin

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Mar 5 02:52 disk

-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 6291456 Mar 5 03:35 user_259

[root@rac1 oracle]# su - oracle

rac1-> dbv file=user_259

DBVERIFY: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Mon Mar 5 03:35:27 2012

DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = user_259

DBVERIFY - Verification complete

Total Pages Examined : 640

Total Pages Processed (Data) : 15

Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0

Total Pages Processed (Index): 2

Total Pages Failing (Index): 0

Total Pages Processed (Other): 26

Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 0

Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0

Total Pages Empty : 597

Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0

Total Pages Influx : 0

Highest block SCN : 442362 (0.442362)

通过dbv验证，两个数据文件(文件大小有出入，可能在对待未格式化数据块上，两者处理有出入)可以基本上确定一致，证明两种方法都可以从异常的ASM中获取数据文件

三.总结与比较

1.AMDU完全免费，aulasm超过16块硬盘需要收费

2.AMDU操作相对于aulasm麻烦一点，但是整体还是可以接受

3.获取到asm中的数据文件后恢复数据内容或者open库，那都是容易的事情

oracle视频教程请关注:http://u.youku.com/user_video/id_UMzAzMjkxMjE2.html

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/19880614/1270724

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Oracle技术之如何找回ASM中数据文件

很多时候由于asm不能正常启动，导致数据丢失。下面提供两种方法找回asm中的数据文件一.使用AMDU工具AMDU是Oracle 11g里自带的一个免费的工具，用于分析ASM磁盘组的元数据以及从不能mount的磁盘组中往外抽取数据文件“NOTE:553639.1 Placeholder for AMDU binaries and using with ASM 10g”明确指出：...
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