计算机科学引论精编版,2021计算机科学引论(英文精编版)

本书概括地介绍了计算机与信息技术的常见概念和术语、主要应用领域及其对社会的影响。本书由9章组成，主要内容包括：信息技术和因特网概述，因特网、万维网与电子商务，应用软件，系统软件，硬件系统部件，输入输出设备，二级存储，通信与网络，隐私、安全与伦理等。

1 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, THE INTERNET, AND YOU 2Introduction 4Information Systems 4People 6Software 7System Software 7Application Software 8Making IT work for you: Free Antivirus Program 9Hardware 10Types of Computers 10Cell Phones 11Personal Computer Hardware 11Data 13Connectivity and the Mobile Internet 14Careers in IT 15A Look to the Future: Using and Understanding Information Technology 16Visual Summary 17Key Terms 20Multiple Choice 21Matching 22Open-Ended 22Discussion 232 THE INTERNET, THE WEB, AND ELECTRONIC COMMERCE 24Introduction 26The Internet and the Web 26Making IT work for you: Online Entertainment 28Internet Access 30Providers 30Browsers 30Web Utilities 32Filters 32File Transfer Utilities 32Internet Security Suites 33Communication 34So Networking 34Blogs, Microblogs, Podcasts, and Wikis 35Messaging 36E-mail 37Search Tools 39Search Engines 39Content Evaluation 39Electronic Commerce 40Security 41Cloud Computing 42The Internet of Things 43Careers in IT 44A Look to the Future: Home Smart Home 45Visual Summary 46Key Terms 50Multiple Choice 51Matching 52Open-Ended 52Discussion 533 APPLICATION SOFTWARE 54Introduction 56Application Software 56User Interface 56Common Features 58General-Purpose Applications 58Word Processors 58Spreadsheets 61Presentation Software 63Database Management Systems 64Speized Applications 65Graphics Programs 65Video Game Design Software 66Web Authoring Programs 67Other Speized Applications 68Mobile Apps 68Apps 68App Stores 69Software Suites 70Office Suites 70Cloud Computing 70Speized and Utility Suites 70Careers in IT 71Making IT work for you: Cloud Office Suites 72A Look to the Future: VR and AR Applications in the Workplace 74Visual Summary 75Key Terms 78Multiple Choice 79Matching 80Open-Ended 80Discussion 814 SYSTEM SOFTWARE 82Introduction 84System Software 84Operating Systems 85Functions 85Features 86Categories 87Mobile Operating Systems 88Desktop Operating Systems 89Windows 89macOS 89UNIX and Linux 90Virtualization 90Utilities 91Making IT work for you: Virtual Assistant 92Operating System Utilities 94Utility Suites 97Careers in IT 97A Look to the Future: Making Better Computers by Making Them More Human 98Visual Summary 99Key Terms 102Multiple Choice 103Matching 104Open-Ended 104Discussion 1055 THE SYSTEM UNIT 106Introduction 108System Unit 108Smartphones 108Tablets 108Laptops 109Desktops 109Making IT work for you: Gaming 110Wearable Computers 112Components 112System Board 113Microprocessor 114Microprocessor Chips 115Spety Processors 115Memory 116RAM 116ROM 116Flash Memory 116Expansion Cards and Slots 117Bus Lines 118Expansion Buses 118Ports 119Standard Ports 119Speized Ports 119Cables 120Power Supply 120Electronic Data and Instructions 121Numeric Representation 121Character Encoding 122Careers in IT 123A Look to the Future: Brain–Computer Interfaces 124Visual Summary 125Key Terms 128Multiple Choice 129Matching 130Open-Ended 130Discussion 1316 INPUT AND OUTPUT 132Introduction 134What Is Input? 134Keyboard Entry 134Keyboards 135Pointing Devices 136Touch Screen 136Mouse 136Game Controllers 136Scanning Devices 137Optical Scanners 137Card Readers 138Bar Code Readers 138RFID Readers 138Character and Mark Recognition Devices 139Image Capturing Devices 139Digital Cameras 139Webcams 140Audio-Input Devices 140Voice Recognition Systems 140What Is Output? 141Monitors 141Features 141Flat-Panel Monitors 142E-book Readers 142Other Monitors 143Printers 144Features 144Inkjet Printers 145Laser Printers 1453D Printers 145Other Printers 145Audio-Output Devices 146Combination Input and Output Devices 146Headsets 146Multifunctional Devices 147Virtual Reality Head-Mounted Displays and Controllers 147D