Swift - 本地数据的保存与加载（使用NSCoder将对象保存到.plist文件）

下面通过一个例子将联系人数据保存到沙盒的“documents”目录中。（联系人是一个数组集合，内部为自定义对象）。

功能如下：

1，点击“保存”将联系人存入userList.plist文件中

2，点击“读取”从数据文件中加载解析出联系人

注意：

1，本例使用了NSCoder，这个封装了许多技术细节，使用它我们可以很轻易的将对象写到文件中，也可以用它将文件中的对象转换回来。

2，自定义对象必须添加如下两个方法，这个才能顺利的被序列化编码存储和读取。

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

//从nsobject解析回来 init (coder aDecoder: NSCoder !){      self .name=aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey( "Name" ) as String      self .phone=aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey( "Phone" ) as String }   //编码成object func encodeWithCoder(aCoder: NSCoder !){      aCoder.encodeObject(name,forKey: "Name" )      aCoder.encodeObject(phone,forKey: "Phone" ) }

具体代码如下：

--- ViewController.swift ---

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

import UIKit   class ViewController : UIViewController {        var dataModel = DataModel ()        override func viewDidLoad() {          super .viewDidLoad()          // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.                    //初始化模拟数据          onCreateData()      }            //创建模拟数据      func onCreateData(){          dataModel.userList.append( UserInfo (name: "张三" , phone: "1234" ))          dataModel.userList.append( UserInfo (name: "李四" , phone: "1212" ))          dataModel.userList.append( UserInfo (name: "航歌" , phone: "3525" ))      }        //保存数据      @IBAction func saveData(sender: AnyObject ) {          dataModel.saveData()      }            //读取数据      @IBAction func loadData(sender: AnyObject ) {          dataModel.loadData()      }            override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {          super .didReceiveMemoryWarning()          // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.      } }

--- DataModel.swift ---

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57

import UIKit   class DataModel : NSObject {            var userList = [ UserInfo ]()            override init (){          super . init ()          println ( "沙盒文件夹路径：\(documentsDirectory())" )          println ( "数据文件路径：\(dataFilePath())" )      }            //保存数据      func saveData() {          var data = NSMutableData ()          //申明一个归档处理对象          var archiver = NSKeyedArchiver (forWritingWithMutableData: data)          //将lists以对应Checklist关键字进行编码          archiver.encodeObject(userList, forKey: "userList" )          //编码结束          archiver.finishEncoding()          //数据写入          data.writeToFile(dataFilePath(), atomically: true )      }            //读取数据      func loadData() {          //获取本地数据文件地址          let path = self .dataFilePath()          //声明文件管理器          let defaultManager = NSFileManager ()          //通过文件地址判断数据文件是否存在          if defaultManager.fileExistsAtPath(path) {              //读取文件数据              let data = NSData (contentsOfFile: path)              //解码器              let unarchiver = NSKeyedUnarchiver (forReadingWithData: data!)              //通过归档时设置的关键字Checklist还原lists              userList = unarchiver.decodeObjectForKey( "userList" ) as Array              //结束解码              unarchiver.finishDecoding()          }      }            //获取沙盒文件夹路径      func documentsDirectory()-> String {          var paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains (              NSSearchPathDirectory . DocumentationDirectory , NSSearchPathDomainMask . UserDomainMask , true )          var documentsDirectory: String = paths.first as String          return documentsDirectory      }            //获取数据文件地址      func dataFilePath ()-> String {          return self .documentsDirectory().stringByAppendingString( "userList.plist" )      } }

--- UserInfo.swift ---

 

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25

import UIKit   class UserInfo : NSObject {      var name: String      var phone: String            //构造方法      init (name: String = "" ,phone: String = "" ){          self .name = name          self .phone = phone          super . init ()      }            //从nsobject解析回来      init (coder aDecoder: NSCoder !){          self .name=aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey( "Name" ) as ! String          self .phone=aDecoder.decodeObjectForKey( "Phone" ) as ! String      }            //编码成object      func encodeWithCoder(aCoder: NSCoder !){          aCoder.encodeObject(name,forKey: "Name" )          aCoder.encodeObject(phone,forKey: "Phone" )      } }