[Windows编程] 如何捕捉程序异常/crash 并生成 dump 文件

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-21 13:24:02 发布

weixin_34268843

最新推荐文章于 2022-05-21 13:24:02 发布

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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_34268843/article/details/85137203

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前面介绍如如何用WinDBG 生成crash dump 《WinDBG 技巧：如何生成Dump 文件(.dump 命令) 》，但是用户机器上通常不安装WinDBG，而且多数用户也不知道怎么使用WinDBG。所以最好是自己程序里面能够捕捉exception/crash，并且生成crash dump，然后通过网络传回到自己服务器。

捕捉exception 可以用API 函数 SetUnhandledExceptionFilter 。生成crash dump 可以用DbgHelp.dll 里面的MiniDumpWriteDump 函数。

LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER WINAPI SetUnhandledExceptionFilter( __in LPTOP_LEVEL_EXCEPTION_FILTER lpTopLevelExceptionFilter );

BOOL WINAPI MiniDumpWriteDump( __in HANDLE hProcess, __in DWORD ProcessId, __in HANDLE hFile, __in MINIDUMP_TYPE DumpType, __in PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION ExceptionParam, __in PMINIDUMP_USER_STREAM_INFORMATION UserStreamParam, __in PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INFORMATION CallbackParam );

代码示例：

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#include <dbghelp.h>
#include <shellapi.h>
#include <shlobj.h>

// 自定义的exectpion filter
LONG WINAPI MyUnhandledExceptionFilter(struct _EXCEPTION_POINTERS *pExceptionPointers)
{

    SetErrorMode( SEM_NOGPFAULTERRORBOX );

    //收集信息
     CStringW strBuild;
    strBuild.Format(L"Build: %s %s", __DATE__, __TIME__);
    CStringW strError;
    HMODULE hModule;
    WCHAR szModuleName[MAX_PATH] = L"";
    GetModuleHandleEx(GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS, (LPCWSTR)pExceptionPointers->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress, &hModule);
    GetModuleFileName(hModule, szModuleName, ARRAYSIZE(szModuleName));
    strError.AppenedFormat(L"%s %d , %d ,%d.", szModuleName,pExceptionPointers->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionCode, pExceptionPointers->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionFlags, pExceptionPointers->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress);

    //生成 mini crash dump
    BOOL bMiniDumpSuccessful;
    WCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH];
    WCHAR szFileName[MAX_PATH];
    WCHAR* szAppName = L"AppName";
    WCHAR* szVersion = L"v1.0";
    DWORD dwBufferSize = MAX_PATH;
    HANDLE hDumpFile;
    SYSTEMTIME stLocalTime;
    MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION ExpParam;
    GetLocalTime( &stLocalTime );
    GetTempPath( dwBufferSize, szPath );
    StringCchPrintf( szFileName, MAX_PATH, L"%s%s", szPath, szAppName );
    CreateDirectory( szFileName, NULL );
    StringCchPrintf( szFileName, MAX_PATH, L"%s%s\\%s-%04d%02d%02d-%02d%02d%02d-%ld-%ld.dmp",
               szPath, szAppName, szVersion,
               stLocalTime.wYear, stLocalTime.wMonth, stLocalTime.wDay,
               stLocalTime.wHour, stLocalTime.wMinute, stLocalTime.wSecond,
               GetCurrentProcessId(), GetCurrentThreadId());
    hDumpFile = CreateFile(szFileName, GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE,
                FILE_SHARE_WRITE|FILE_SHARE_READ, 0, CREATE_ALWAYS, 0, 0);

    MINIDUMP_USER_STREAM UserStream[2];
    MINIDUMP_USER_STREAM_INFORMATION UserInfo;
    UserInfo.UserStreamCount = 1;
    UserInfo.UserStreamArray = UserStream;
    UserStream[0].Type = CommentStreamW;
    UserStream[0].BufferSize = strBuild.GetLength()*sizeof(WCHAR);
    UserStream[0].Buffer = strBuild.GetBuffer();
    UserStream[1].Type = CommentStreamW;
    UserStream[1].BufferSize = strError.GetLength()*sizeof(WCHAR);
    UserStream[1].Buffer = strError.GetBuffer();

    ExpParam.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
    ExpParam.ExceptionPointers = pExceptionPointers;
    ExpParam.ClientPointers = TRUE;

    MINIDUMP_TYPE MiniDumpWithDataSegs = MiniDumpNormal
            | MiniDumpWithHandleData
            | MiniDumpWithUnloadedModules
            | MiniDumpWithIndirectlyReferencedMemory
            | MiniDumpScanMemory
            | MiniDumpWithProcessThreadData
            | MiniDumpWithThreadInfo;
    bMiniDumpSuccessful = MiniDumpWriteDump(GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentProcessId(),
                    hDumpFile, MiniDumpWithDataSegs, &ExpParam, NULL, NULL);
// 上传mini dump 到自己服务器（略）
...

return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH; //或者 EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER 关闭程序
}

int _tmain()
{
// 设置 execption filter
SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(MyUnhandledExceptionFilter);
....
return 0;
}