改变列的类型
alter table name change column_old column_new type_new
改变列的注释
alter table name change column_old column_new type comment 'new_comment'
表状态
show locks table_name extended
增加字段
alter table name add columns (new_col_1 type comment, new_col_2 type comment....)
修改表名
alter table rename name_old to name_new