自定义ContentProvider(内容提供者)简单使用例子

最新推荐文章于 2024-04-22 16:19:21 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2024-04-22 16:19:21 发布

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文章标签：移动开发数据库测试

原文链接：https://my.oschina.net/u/2542711/blog/614686

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2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

功能：跨app访问本app数据库一些基本操作

本app中：

1、在配置清单里配置权限和自定义ContentProvider对外暴露给其他应用访问的路径

代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

package="com.example.contentprovider_custom"

android:versionCode="1"

android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk

android:minSdkVersion="8"

android:targetSdkVersion="21" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" />

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS" />

<application

android:allowBackup="true"

android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"

android:label="@string/app_name"

android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >

<activity

android:name=".MainActivity"

android:label="@string/app_name" >

<intent-filter>

</intent-filter>

</activity>

<provider

android:name="com.example.contentprovider_custom.Custom"

android:authorities="com.example.contentprovider_custom.custom"

android:exported="true" >

</provider>

</application>

=======================

//一共有3个类一个1、MainActivity.java类2、Sqlite_table.java类3、Custom.java类

2、MainActivity.java类

代码

public class MainActivity extends Activity {

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
}
}

//这里没什么功能只是简单说明一些自定义ContentProvider

============================

3、Sqlite_table类 -- 本app创建的数据库(本app没有数据库才创建有了直接可以使用)

代码

public class Sqlite_table extends SQLiteOpenHelper {

private static final String DBNAME = "student.db";
private static final int VERSION = 1;

public Sqlite_table(Context context) {
super(context, DBNAME, null, VERSION);
}

@Override
public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) {
  db.execSQL("create table student(s_id integer primary key autoincrement not null," +
    "s_name varchar(20) not null," +
    "s_age varchar(2) not null," +
    "s_address varchar(40) not null," +
    "s_classname varchar(20) not null)");
}

@Override
public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) {
  if (newVersion > oldVersion) {
   db.execSQL("drop table exists student");
   onCreate(db);
  }
}

}

======================

4、Custom类 -- 其他应用对本app数据库基本操作

代码

//自定义ContentProvider 要继承ContentProvider类

public class Custom extends ContentProvider {

//在功能清单配置的 -- URI 的autauthorities部分

private static String autauthorities = "com.example.contentprovider_custom.custom";

//在声明一个工具类对象

private static UriMatcher uriMatcher;//匹配URI的匹配器

static{//静态代码块

uriMatcher = new UriMatcher(-1);//如果uri匹配不上返回-1

//第一个参数 -- uri部分

//第二份参数 -- path -- 最好填数据库表名

//第三个参数 -- 如果uri匹配就返回匹配成功码 code

uriMatcher.addURI(autauthorities, "student", 100);//code随便定义

uriMatcher.addURI(autauthorities, "student/*", 101);//斜杠后面跟着*代表文本标志

uriMatcher.addURI(autauthorities, "stu/#", 102);//斜杠后面跟着#号代表数字

}

private Sqlite_table sqlite_table ;

@Override

public boolean onCreate() {

sqlite_table = new Sqlite_table(getContext());

return false;

}

//-----------------------以下是重写对sqlite数据库基本操作的方法(给其他应用操作)-----------------------

@Override//查询本app数据库

public Cursor query(Uri uri, String[] projection, String selection,

String[] selectionArgs, String sortOrder) {

Cursor cursor = null;

SQLiteDatabase db = sqlite_table.getReadableDatabase();

switch(uriMatcher.match(uri)){

case 100://uri匹配成功

cursor = db.query("student", projection, selection, selectionArgs, null, null,sortOrder);

break;

case 101:

String keyword = uri.getLastPathSegment();//用getLastPathSegment方法获得文本标志

//模糊查询名字第一个是 ...

cursor = db.query("student", projection, "s_name like ?", new String[]{keyword + "%"}, null,null,null);

break;

case 102:

long score = ContentUris.parseId(uri);//获取uri后面的数字

cursor = db.query("student", projection, "score = ?", new String[]{score + ""}, null, null, null);

break;

}

return cursor;

}

@Override

public String getType(Uri uri) {

return null;

}

@Override//添加数据到本app数据库

public Uri insert(Uri uri, ContentValues values) {

SQLiteDatabase db = sqlite_table.getReadableDatabase();

Uri insert_uri = null;

switch(uriMatcher.match(uri)){

case 100:

long rowid = db.insert("student", null, values);//返回插入的行

insert_uri = ContentUris.withAppendedId(uri,rowid);//用工具类ContentUris拼接返回来的行号变成插入新数据的uri

break;

}

return insert_uri;

}

@Override//删除

public int delete(Uri uri, String selection, String[] selectionArgs) {

SQLiteDatabase db = sqlite_table.getReadableDatabase();

int rownum = 0;

switch(uriMatcher.match(uri)){

case 100:

rownum = db.delete("student", selection, selectionArgs);

break;

}

return rownum;

}

@Override//修改

public int update(Uri uri, ContentValues values, String selection,

String[] selectionArgs) {

SQLiteDatabase db = sqlite_table.getReadableDatabase();

int rows = 0;

switch(uriMatcher.match(uri)){

case 100:

rows = db.update("student", values, selection, selectionArgs);

break;

}

return rows;

}

==========================================

//其他应用操作本app(这里使用测试类测试)

5、测试类要在配置清单里添加相应的权限和引入android测试框架

代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.example.contentprovider.test"
    android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0" >

<uses-sdk
        android:minSdkVersion="8"
        android:targetSdkVersion="21" />

     
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.MOUNT_UNMOUNT_FILESYSTEMS"/>

<instrumentation
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
        android:targetPackage="com.example.contentprovider.test">
    </instrumentation>

=========================

6、配置清单部署好后，建立一个Test_ContentProvider测试类

代码

public class Test_ContentProvider extends AndroidTestCase {
// -- content://后面接的字符串在要测试自定义ContentProvider 应用的清单文件里

// -- content:// 这是固定的
// authorities -- uri部分
// 后面跟着的是数据库的表名
private String uri = "content://com.example.contentprovider_custom.custom/student";

//查询数据

//测试方法可以直接运行
public void testQuery() {
   ContentResolver resolver = getContext().getContentResolver();
  Cursor cursor = resolver.query(Uri.parse(uri), new String[] { "s_name", "s_age",
    "s_address", "s_classname" }, null, null,
    null);

  while(cursor.moveToNext()){
   String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("s_name"));
      String age = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("s_age"));
      String address = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("s_address"));
      String classname = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex("s_classname"));
      Log.i("data", name + "," + age + "," + address + "," + classname);

  }
  cursor.close();
}

//添加数据
public void testInsert(){
  ContentResolver resolver = getContext().getContentResolver();
  Log.i("data", "----------");
  ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
   values.put("s_name", "呵呵");
   values.put("s_age", 18);
   values.put("s_address", "广州天河区");
   values.put("s_classname", "学前班");
   Log.i("data", "vaules:" + values.toString());
   resolver.insert(Uri.parse(uri), values );
}