Spring事务配置的五种方式

    前段时间对Spring的事务配置做了比较深入的研究，在此之间对Spring的事务配置虽说也配置过，但是一直没有一个清楚的认识。通过这次的学习发觉Spring的事务配置只要把思路理清，还是比较好掌握的。

    总结如下：

    Spring配置文件中关于事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

    DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问 时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。

    具体如下图：

    根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

    第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

    <!--定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

      <!--配置DAO -->
   <bean id="userDaoTarget"class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

      <bean id="userDao"
         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
           <!--配置事务管理器 -->
           <property name="transactionManager"ref="transactionManager" />
           <property name="target"ref="userDaoTarget" />
         <property name="proxyInterfaces"value="com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao" />
       <!--配置事务属性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
           </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
 </beans>

    第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

    <!--定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

      <bean id="transactionBase"
             class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean"
             lazy-init="true"abstract="true">
        <!--配置事务管理器 -->
        <property name="transactionManager"ref="transactionManager" />
        <!--配置事务属性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

        <!--配置DAO -->
   <bean id="userDaoTarget"class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

      <bean id="userDao"parent="transactionBase" >
        <property name="target"ref="userDaoTarget" />
     </bean>
</beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd">

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

    <!--定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

      <bean id="transactionInterceptor"
         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor">
        <property name="transactionManager"ref="transactionManager" />
        <!--配置事务属性 -->
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

        <bean class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator">
        <property name="beanNames">
            <list>
                <value>*Dao</value>
           </list>
        </property>
        <property name="interceptorNames">
            <list>
                <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

     <!--配置DAO -->
   <bean id="userDao"class="com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>
</beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

   <context:annotation-config />
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

    <!--定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   <tx:advice id="txAdvice"transaction-manager="transactionManager">
       <tx:attributes>
           <tx:method name="*"propagation="REQUIRED" />
       </tx:attributes>
   </tx:advice>

      <aop:config>
       <aop:pointcut id="interceptorPointCuts"
            expression="execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))" />
       <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice"
            pointcut-ref="interceptorPointCuts" />
          </aop:config>
     </beans>

第五种方式：全注解

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd">

   <context:annotation-config />
   <context:component-scan base-package="com.bluesky" />

   <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>

   <bean id="sessionFactory"
             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="configLocation"value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml" />
        <property name="configurationClass"value="org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration" />
   </bean>

    <!--定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） -->
    <bean id="transactionManager"
        class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
       <property name="sessionFactory"ref="sessionFactory" />
   </bean>

   </beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

packagecom.bluesky.spring.dao;

importjava.util.List;

importorg.hibernate.SessionFactory;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
importorg.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
importorg.springframework.stereotype.Component;

importcom.bluesky.spring.domain.User;

@Transactional
@Component( " userDao " )
public classUserDaoImpl extendsHibernateDaoSupport implementsUserDao {

   publicList <User > listUsers() {
       return this.getSession().createQuery(" from User " ).list();
    }


       }

转自：http://zm8.sm.cn/?src=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.blogjava.net%2Frobbie%2Farchive%2F2009%2F04%2F05%2F264003.html&uid=ee8c1c9e30aae108fdc0c7bda276bab6&hid=a0d5ccca52491ff4070fb05287bcb3de&restype=1&from=derive&depth=2&pi=480x854&businesstype=

转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/4610383/1435520