Python中如何写控制台进度条的整理

2019独角兽企业重金招聘Python工程师标准>>>

原文出自: http://blog.ihipop.info/2010/10/1736.html

进度条和一般的print区别在哪里呢？

答案就是print会输出一个\n，也就是换行符，这样光标移动到了下一行行首，接着输出，之前已经通过stdout输出的东西依旧保留，而且保证我们在下面看到最新的输出结果。

进度条不然，我们必须再原地输出才能保证他是一个进度条，否则换行了怎么还叫进度条？

最简单的办法就是，再输出完毕后，把光标移动到行首，继续在那里输出更长的进度条即可实现，新的更长的进度条把旧的短覆盖，就形成了动画效果。

可以想到那个转义符了吧，那就是 \r。

转义符\r就可以把光标移动到行首而不换行，转义符\n就把光标移动到行首并且换行。

在python中，输出stdout(标准输出)可以使用sys.stdout.write
例如：

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#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding=utf-8 -*- #Using GPL v2 #Author: ihipop@gmail.com ##2010-10-27 22:07 """ Usage: Just A Template """ from __future__ import division import sys , time j = '#' if __name__ == '__main__' :      for i in range ( 1 , 61 ) :          j + = '#'          sys . stdout . write ( str ( int ( ( i / 60 ) * 100 ) ) + '%  ||' + j + '->' + "\r" )          sys . stdout . flush ( )          time . sleep ( 0.5 ) print

第二种思路是用转义符\b
转义符\b是退格键，也就是说把输出的光标往回退格子，这样就可以不用+=了，例如：

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#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding=utf-8 -*- #Using GPL v2 #Author: ihipop@gmail.com #2010-10-27 22:07 """ Usage: Just A Template """ from __future__ import division import sys , time if __name__ == '__main__' :      for i in range ( 1 , 61 ) :          sys . stdout . write ( '#' + '->' + "\b\b" )          sys . stdout . flush ( )          time . sleep ( 0.5 ) print

光标回退2格，写个#再回退，再写，达到增长的目的了

不过写这么多似乎是废话，在耳边常常听到一句话：那就是不要重复造轮子。实际上python有丰富发lib帮你实现这个东西，你完全可以把心思放在逻辑开发上而不用注意这些小细节

下面要介绍的就是这个类“progressbar”(http://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/)，使用easy_install可以方便的安装这可个类库，其实就一个文件，拿过来放到文件同一个目录下面也直接可以import过来

下面就是基本使用举例：

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#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding=utf-8 -*- #Using GPL v2 #Author: ihipop@gmail.com #2010-10-27 22:53 """ Usage: Just A Template """ from __future__ import division import sys , time from progressbar import * total = 1000 #基本用法 progress = ProgressBar ( ) for i in progress ( range ( total ) ) :    time . sleep ( 0.01 ) pbar = ProgressBar ( ) . start ( ) for i in range ( 1 , 1000 ) :      pbar . update ( int ( ( i / ( total - 1 ) ) * 100 ) )      time . sleep ( 0.01 ) pbar . finish ( ) #高级用法 widgets = [ 'Progress: ' , Percentage ( ) , ' ' , Bar ( marker = RotatingMarker ( '>-=' ) ) ,            ' ' , ETA ( ) , ' ' , FileTransferSpeed ( ) ] pbar = ProgressBar ( widgets = widgets , maxval = 10000000 ) . start ( ) for i in range ( 1000000 ) :    # do something    pbar . update ( 10 * i + 1 )    time . sleep ( 0.0001 ) pbar . finish ( )

官方示例下载，移步这里: http://code.google.com/p/python-progressbar/source/browse/progressbar/examples.py 再发一个类：

Python

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#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding=utf-8 -*- #Using GPL v2 #Author: ihipop@gmail.com #2010-10-30 13:59 """ Usage: Just A Template """ class progressbarClass :      def __init__ ( self , finalcount , progresschar = None ) :          import sys          self . finalcount = finalcount          self . blockcount = 0          #          # See if caller passed me a character to use on the          # progress bar (like "*").  If not use the block          # character that makes it look like a real progress          # bar.          #          if not progresschar : self . block = chr ( 178 )          else :                  self . block = progresschar          #          # Get pointer to sys.stdout so I can use the write/flush          # methods to display the progress bar.          #          self . f = sys . stdout          #          # If the final count is zero, don't start the progress gauge          #          if not self . finalcount : return          self . f . write ( '\n------------------- % Progress -------------------\n' )          return      def progress ( self , count ) :          #          # Make sure I don't try to go off the end (e.g. >100%)          #          count = min ( count , self . finalcount )          #          # If finalcount is zero, I'm done          #          if self . finalcount :              percentcomplete = int ( round ( 100 * count / self . finalcount ) )              if percentcomplete < 1 : percentcomplete = 1          else :              percentcomplete = 100                       #print "percentcomplete=",percentcomplete          blockcount = int ( percentcomplete / 2 )          #print "blockcount=",blockcount          if blockcount > self . blockcount :              for i in range ( self . blockcount , blockcount ) :                  self . f . write ( self . block )                  self . f . flush ( )                           if percentcomplete == 100 : self . f . write ( "\n" )          self . blockcount = blockcount          return      if __name__ == "__main__" :      from time import sleep      pb = progressbarClass ( 8 , "*" )      count = 0      while count < 9 :          count + = 1          pb . progress ( count )          sleep ( 0.2 )

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