熟悉Linux的开发人员都知道,在Linux下开发程序,如果程序崩溃了,可以通过配置Core Dump,来让程序崩溃的瞬间产生一个Dump文件,然后通过dump文件来调试程序为什么崩溃。但是windows下就比较麻烦。
windows下配置用户态程序的Dump非常麻烦, https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/bb787181(v=vs.85).aspx
上面那个链接说了一堆,反正我没有细看。来看经过搜索,发现StackOverflow上推荐了一个UserDump.exe的命令行工具,
这个工具是微软官方出品的,https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/241215/how-to-use-the-userdump-exe-tool-to-create-a-dump-file
用法是:
下载下来,安装,解压到特定目录,里面就可以看到userdump.exe这个命令行工具了,把这个命令行工具随着公司的产品软件打包,在产品软件中的main函数中编写如下代码:
1 LONG __stdcall 2 MyUnhandledExceptionFilter( 3 EXCEPTION_POINTERS *ExceptionInfo 4 ) 5 { 6 // Invoke userdump here. 7 // The implementation is similar to MyFilterFunction, 8 // above. 9 (void)ExceptionInfo; 10 11 QString dumperExe = QString("%1/%2/%3").arg(qApp->applicationDirPath()).arg("dumper").arg("userdump.exe"); 12 QString cmdLine = QString("%1 -k -w %2").arg(dumperExe).arg("TRMSMonitor.exe"); 13 14 QProcess* startDump = new QProcess; 15 startDump->start(cmdLine); 16 startDump->waitForFinished(-1); 17 18 return EXCEPTION_EXECUTE_HANDLER; 19 } 20 21 22 int main(int argc, char* argv[]) 23 { 24 QApplication a(argc, argv); 25 26 SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(MyUnhandledExceptionFilter); 27 28 //主程序单例模式 29 RunGuard guard("TRMS"); 30 if (!guard.tryToRun()) { 31 exit(-1); 32 } 33 34 35 36 //设置Qt的TEXT编码器 37 QTextCodec::setCodecForLocale(QTextCodec::codecForName("gb18030")); 38 39 // any code here 40 41 return a.exec(); 42 }
以上代码的意思是,在程序崩溃的瞬间,未处理异常的时刻,调用userdump命令行来生成程序自身的Dump文件,我试过了,解引用空指针的异常成功生成了Dump文件。TRMSMonitor.exe,这个可以替换为产品主程序的exe名。
userdump命令行还有其他用法,可以做很多事情。这里不多说了,这里只是让程序崩溃产生自身的Dump,类似Linux。
当然,还有修改注册表的方式来让系统自动产生Dump,最推荐这样的方式,这样产生的Dump最为准确: https://www.cnblogs.com/hushaojun/p/6388153.html
如果WinDbg下载了符号表,那么直接可以把产生crash的源码崩溃地点显示出来:
Microsoft (R) Windows Debugger Version 6.12.0002.633 X86
Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Loading Dump File [C:\crashdumps\mid.exe.2324.dmp]
User Mini Dump File with Full Memory: Only application data is available
WARNING: Minidump contains unknown stream type 0x15
WARNING: Minidump contains unknown stream type 0x16
Symbol search path is: srv*c:\symbols*http://msdl.microsoft.com/download/symbols
Executable search path is:
Windows 7 Version 16299 MP (4 procs) Free x64
Product: WinNt, suite: SingleUserTS
Machine Name:
Debug session time: Fri May 4 10:57:03.000 2018 (UTC + 8:00)
System Uptime: 0 days 23:20:34.747
Process Uptime: 0 days 0:00:03.000
........................................
This dump file has an exception of interest stored in it.
The stored exception information can be accessed via .ecxr.
(914.35c4): Access violation - code c0000005 (first/second chance not available)
ntdll!ZwWaitForMultipleObjects+0x14:
00007ffe`5c5b0e14 c3 ret
0:000> !analyze -v
*******************************************************************************
* *
* Exception Analysis *
* *
*******************************************************************************
Failed calling InternetOpenUrl, GLE=12029
FAULTING_IP:
mid!CJASE2000App::InitInstance+3c [d:\furen-work\furen-projects\tuxedo-projects\zjj\mid\jase2000.cpp @ 223]
00007ff6`ced7aa9c 45892424 mov dword ptr [r12],r12d
EXCEPTION_RECORD: ffffffffffffffff -- (.exr 0xffffffffffffffff)
ExceptionAddress: 00007ff6ced7aa9c (mid!CJASE2000App::InitInstance+0x000000000000003c)
ExceptionCode: c0000005 (Access violation)
ExceptionFlags: 00000000
NumberParameters: 2
Parameter[0]: 0000000000000001
Parameter[1]: 0000000000000000
Attempt to write to address 0000000000000000
DEFAULT_BUCKET_ID: NULL_POINTER_WRITE
PROCESS_NAME: mid.exe
ERROR_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - 0x%p
EXCEPTION_CODE: (NTSTATUS) 0xc0000005 - 0x%p
EXCEPTION_PARAMETER1: 0000000000000001
EXCEPTION_PARAMETER2: 0000000000000000
WRITE_ADDRESS: 0000000000000000
FOLLOWUP_IP:
mid!CJASE2000App::InitInstance+3c [d:\furen-work\furen-projects\tuxedo-projects\zjj\mid\jase2000.cpp @ 223]
00007ff6`ced7aa9c 45892424 mov dword ptr [r12],r12d
MOD_LIST: <ANALYSIS/>
NTGLOBALFLAG: 0
APPLICATION_VERIFIER_FLAGS: 0
FAULTING_THREAD: 00000000000035c4
PRIMARY_PROBLEM_CLASS: NULL_POINTER_WRITE
BUGCHECK_STR: APPLICATION_FAULT_NULL_POINTER_WRITE
LAST_CONTROL_TRANSFER: from 000000005e44ccae to 00007ff6ced7aa9c
STACK_TEXT:
00000000`00cff3a0 00000000`5e44ccae : 00000000`00000001 00000000`00000001 00007ff6`ced30000 00000000`00000000 : mid!CJASE2000App::InitInstance+0x3c [d:\furen-work\furen-projects\tuxedo-projects\zjj\mid\jase2000.cpp @ 223]
00000000`00cff710 00007ff6`ceda05e3 : 00000000`02eb4383 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : mfc100!AfxWinMain+0x76
00000000`00cff750 00007ffe`5a8d1fe4 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : mid!__tmainCRTStartup+0x15f [f:\dd\vctools\crt_bld\self_64_amd64\crt\src\crtexe.c @ 547]
00000000`00cff800 00007ffe`5c57f061 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : kernel32!BaseThreadInitThunk+0x14
00000000`00cff830 00000000`00000000 : 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 00000000`00000000 : ntdll!RtlUserThreadStart+0x21
FAULTING_SOURCE_CODE:
219: // registerExceptionHandler();
220:
221: int *pSS = NULL;
222:
> 223: *pSS = 0;
224:
225: m_hMutex = CreateMutex(
226: NULL, // no security descriptor
227: FALSE, // mutex not owned
228: "KD20_Transaction"); // object name
SYMBOL_STACK_INDEX: 0
SYMBOL_NAME: mid!CJASE2000App::InitInstance+3c
FOLLOWUP_NAME: MachineOwner
MODULE_NAME: mid
IMAGE_NAME: mid.exe
DEBUG_FLR_IMAGE_TIMESTAMP: 5aebcbd4
STACK_COMMAND: dt ntdll!LdrpLastDllInitializer BaseDllName ; dt ntdll!LdrpFailureData ; ~0s; .ecxr ; kb
FAILURE_BUCKET_ID: NULL_POINTER_WRITE_c0000005_mid.exe!CJASE2000App::InitInstance
BUCKET_ID: X64_APPLICATION_FAULT_NULL_POINTER_WRITE_mid!CJASE2000App::InitInstance+3c
WATSON_STAGEONE_URL: http://watson.microsoft.com/StageOne/mid_exe/2_0_0_0/5aebcbd4/mid_exe/2_0_0_0/5aebcbd4/c0000005/0004aa9c.htm?Retriage=1
Followup: MachineOwner
---------