计算机基础术语巧记,大学计算机基础复习资料双语教学英文版

计算机复习资料最终定稿版

Jisuanjifu xi ziliaozuizhong ding gao ban

1.key words of Definition for computer:instructions,input,processes,output

A computer is an electronic device whichoperates under the control of stored instructions accepts data input

processes the data according to specified rules

produces and stores output

1、A computer’s power is derived from SpeedReliabilityAccuracyStorageCommunications

2、Data: The symbols that represent people, events, things, and ideas. Consists of the raw, unprocessed facts, including text, numbers, images, and sounds.

3、Information ：Data becomes information when it is presented in a format that people can understand and use .

6.分类：Supercomputers (巨型计算机)fastest, most powerful, most expensive Mainframe computers(大型机)provide great processing speeds and data storage. Minicomputers (小型机)

Microcomputers(微机)即personal computer or PCleast powerful, but the most widely used.

http://www.doczj.com/doc/af803a0652ea551810a687a3.htmlrmation can be represented in one of two ways

Analogdata(模拟) A continuous representation，analogous(相似)to the actual information Digital data A discrete representation

8.1 Byte=8 bits，B, KB, MB, GB, TB):

9. Binary(Base 2)Octal(8)Decimal(Base 10)

Hexadecimal(16)0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

10.distinguish number system

(1) Subscript(下标)(101)2 (101) 8

(2)Postfix(后缀)101B101O101D 101H

11.Converting number

Non-Decimal to Decimal

Decimal to Non-Decimal

10—2 integer整数(1)短除法(2)从高位到低位逆用2—10思想

Fraction小数

Non-Decimal to Non-Decimal

2—8 (10 111 011.110 1)2 = (273.64)8

8—2(6754.32)8 = (110 111 101 100. 011)2

16—2 (A7B8.C9)16=(1010 0111 1011 1000 .1100 1001)

？？12.Binary Arithmetic