很多学习网络技术的工程师普遍认为QOS技术很难学习，这主要是来自于内心的学习压力，其实这种技术并不难。举个例子说明，如北京的交通，为了防止交通堵车，对车辆进行限号，这其实就是QOS中的对流量进行分类、标记和监管。比如专用公交车道，这就是使用优先队列的技术。各个路口使用红绿灯，这其实就是对流量进行整形；对交通进行限行，这就是对流量进行尾丢弃等。下面我们通过实验实例来讲解决QOS技术。
当然在进行实验前，还是对理论知识进行理解和消化。
QoS（Qualit of Service）又名服务质量，是保证业务数据在互联网中传输的质量和可靠性的度量。也可以理解为在有限的网络环境（带宽）中为特定的业务数据流提供优质、可靠的服务。
QoS是一个端到端的行为，并不是点到点行为，如果一台计算机与远端的另一台计算机进行通信，为保障其服务的可靠性，需要在其数据经过的每个节点都部署QoS。如果只在某个了点节点部署Qos是不能保障其服务的质量。
QoS服务有二种服务模式，集成服务模式和区分服务模式，在网络中应用范围比较广泛的是区分服务模式，下面以区分模式为主阐述其在网络中的端到端的应用。
区分服务模式下实现QOS主要通过以下几个步骤：
数据分类：要提供区分服务的QOS，就必须先将数据分为不同的类别，或者将数据设置为不同的优先级。将数据分为不同的类别，称为分类(classification)，分类并不修改原来的数据包。
数据标记：将数据设置为不同的优先级称为标记(marking)，而标记会修改原来的数据包。分类和标记是实施QOS的前提，也是基础。
拥塞管理：当网络发生拥塞后，数据还是要被传递的，正因为接收到的数据远多于自身的传输能力，所以数据被传输时就出现了先后顺序，而依照什么样的方式来传数据，就需要队列的指导，QOS中的队列定义了数据包被传输的先后顺序。
拥塞避免：当网络发生拥塞后，超出的流量将采取其它方式处理，如果处理方式为管制，那么数据包就会被丢弃，通常情况下，网络设备默认丢弃后到的数据包而传输先到的数据包，这样的丢弃方式称为尾丢弃，但也可以让网络设备在发生拥塞时，先丢低优先级的数据包而传输高优先级的数据包。
流量监管：在实施QOS策略时，可以将用户的数据限制在特定的带宽，当用户的流量超过额定带宽时，超过的带宽将不能被传输，只能采取其它方式来处理，如果处理方式为丢弃超出带宽，那么这种行为称为管制(Policing)。
流量整形：在实施QOS策略时，如果是将超出的带宽缓存在内存中，等到下一秒再传递，这种行为称为整形（Shaping）。
链路层优化：
下面讲述如何进行分类和标记。
在网络环境中，如何对数据进行分类和标记呢，而且数据又分为二层的数据帧和三层的数据报，在二层数据帧中使用COS字段分类和标记数据，在三层数据报中使用TOS字段来分类和标记数据。
QOS技术不能在原始的以太网帧上标记数据，但可以使用ISL或802.1Q数据中的COS字段标记。下图为COS字段。
QOS就是使用最高3比特标记数据优先级的，共有7个级别
TOS字段是1B，RFC1122定义IP优先级使用最高3比特，可以定义8个服务等级。
l 111——网络控制 (network control)—保留给网络控制数据使用，如路由
l 110——网间控制 (internetwork control) —保留给网络控制数据使用，如路由
l 101——关键 (critic)—语音数据使用
l 100——疾速 (flash override)—视频会议和视频流使用
l 011——闪速 (flash)—语音控制数据使用
l 010——快速 (immediate)—数据业务使用
l 001——优先 (priority)—数据业务使用
l 000——普通 (routine)—默认标记值
IP优先级方案可以粗略地把数据分为8个等级/类别，但这种设计有其局限性，其最明显的缺点就是类别太少，另一个缺点就是没有定义丢弃级别，还有各个厂商对后4比特的定义也不一致，这些都影响了端到端的QOS的发展与应用。在这种情况下，IETF提出了一种通用的、取代IP优先级分类的方案RFC2474,即用6比特取代了原来的3比特，称这6比特为DSCP（区分服务编码点）
RFC2427定义最高3比特为级别/类别选择代码（class selector codepoints,CS）其意义与IPv4优先级的定义是相同的，CS0~CS7的级别相等于IP优先级0~7。
下面的表格内容很重要，需要理解。
DSCP使用6比特，十进制区间是0~63，可以定义64个级别，下表描述了IP优先级与DSCP值对应关系。
保证转发（Assured Forwarding,AF）由RFC2597对CS1~CS4进行进一步定义。其使用第4比特和第5比特做丢弃优先级标志。
l 01——低丢弃优先级
l 10——中丢弃优先级
l 11——高丢弃优先级
| 丢弃优先级 | CS1 | CS2 | CS3 | CS4 |
| 低丢弃优先级 | AF11 001010 | AF21 010010 | AF31 011010 | AF41 100010 |
| 中丢弃优先级 | AF12 001100 | AF22 010100 | AF32 011100 | AF42 100100 |
| 高丢弃优先级 | AF13 001110 | AF23 010110 | AF33 011110 | AF43 100110 |
快速转发（Expedited Forwarding,EF），由RFC2598定义，DSCP值为46，EF服务适用于低丢包率、低延迟、低抖动及保证带宽的业务，如VOIP。
可以使用命令对数据分类和标记，需要3个步骤：
1、class-map 数据分类
2、policy-map 数据标记
3、service-policy input 应用策略
RA(config)#class-map [match-all | match-any] class-map-name
RA(config-cmap)#match {match-criteria}
Match-all——当设定多个match条件时，满足所有条件的数据才是匹配的。
Match-any——当设定多个match条件时，满足一个条件即可。
match-criteria——设定的匹配条件,match可以设定的条件有：
l access-group ——访问控制列表
l class-map ——调用其它class-map
l cos——使用cos值，最多4个
l destination-address mac——目的MAC地址
l input-interface——入接口
l dscp—— 使用DSCP值，最多7个。
l Precedence——使用IP优先级，最多7个。
l ip rtp ——实时传输协议端口
l mpls experimental topmost——MPLS标签
l not——反向条件选择
l protocol——协议
l source-address mac——源MAC地址
l protocol RTP ——RTP协议
RA(config)#policy-map policy-name
RA(config-pmap)#class [class-deault|class-name]
RA(config-pmap-c)#set tag
RA(config-if)#service-policy input policy-name
Class-map嵌套，是由一个class-map语句调用另一个class-map语句，从而达到灵活分类数据的目的。在很多情况下，在一个class-map中不能同时使用match-all和match-any.
例如有两类数据class1和class2,如果class1调用了class2，则class2使用的是match-any关键，即匹配class2中任意一个条件的数据都是符合要求。Class1调用class2，并且使用的match-all关键字，这样的结果是匹配class2中任意一个条件并且同时匹配class1中其他条件的数据才是符合要求的。
Policy-map也可以嵌套，其是形成的具有分层结构的策略。
通过上面的命令可以对数据进行分类和标记，其主要目的是为特定的数据进行调整，QOS调整的数据流的手段通常有两种方式，流量监管和流量整形。
流量监管判断流量是否违规的工具就是令牌桶。令牌桶有3个参数，数据突发量（Burst size）、平均速率（mean rage）和一定的时间间隔（Tc）。
关于令牌桶的工作原理，我会在下篇博文详细讲述。
下面为实验实例，主要理解分类和标记。
1、192.168.100.0网段是语音数据流，标注为EF
2、172.16.10.0网段为TCP流量，标记为AF21
3、其它则为普通数据流量 ,标记为AF13。
RA#sh running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1824 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname RA
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
ip cef
!
class-map match-all class-b
match access-group 101
class-map match-all class-a
match access-group 100
class-map match-all class-other
match dscp af13
class-map match-all class-voice
match dscp ef
class-map match-all class-date
match dscp af21
!
policy-map sample-policy1
class class-a
set dscp ef
class class-b
set dscp af21
class class-default
set dscp af13
policy-map traffic-policing
class class-voice
police 1000000 184000 368000 conform-action transmit exceed-action transmit
class class-date
police 5000000 936000 64000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
class class-other
police 3000000 562000 64000 conform-action transmit exceed-action set-dscp-transmit 0 violate-action drop
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/0
ip address 10.1.1.2 255.255.255.252
duplex full
service-policy input sample-policy1
!
interface Ethernet1/1
ip address 10.1.1.5 255.255.255.252
duplex half
service-policy output traffic-policing
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 10
router-id 2.2.2.2
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.1.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
logging alarm informational
access-list 100 permit ip 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 any
access-list 101 permit tcp 172.16.10.0 0.0.0.255 any
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
stopbits 1
line aux 0
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
!
end
RA#
RB#sh running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1453 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname RB
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
ip cef
!
class-map match-all class-other
match dscp af13
class-map match-all class-voice
match dscp ef
class-map match-all class-date
match dscp af21
!
policy-map traffic-policing
class class-voice
police 1000000 184000 368000 conform-action transmit exceed-action transmit
class class-date
police 5000000 936000 64000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
class class-other
police 3000000 562000 64000 conform-action transmit exceed-action set-dscp-transmit 0 violate-action drop
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/0
ip address 10.1.1.6 255.255.255.252
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/1
ip address 10.1.1.9 255.255.255.252
duplex half
service-policy output traffic-policing
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 10
router-id 3.3.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.1.1.4 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 10.1.1.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
logging alarm informational
!
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
stopbits 1
line aux 0
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
!
End
RC#sh running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1499 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname RC
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable password 123
!
no aaa new-model
!
resource policy
!
ip cef
!
class-map match-all class-other
match dscp af13
class-map match-all class-voice
match dscp ef
class-map match-all class-date
match dscp af21
!
policy-map traffic-policing
class class-voice
police 1000000 184000 368000 conform-action transmit exceed-action transmit
class class-date
police 5000000 936000 64000 conform-action transmit exceed-action drop
class class-other
police 3000000 562000 64000 conform-action transmit exceed-action set-dscp-transmit 0 violate-action drop
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
ip address 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
duplex half
service-policy output traffic-policing
!
interface Ethernet1/0
ip address 10.1.1.10 255.255.255.252
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/1
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/2
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
interface Ethernet1/3
no ip address
shutdown
duplex half
!
router ospf 10
router-id 4.4.4.4
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.1.1.8 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 172.16.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
no ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
logging alarm informational
!
control-plane
!
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
stopbits 1
line aux 0
stopbits 1
line vty 0 4
password 123
login
!
End
SW#sh running-config
Building configuration...
Current configuration : 1275 bytes
!
version 12.4
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SW
!
boot-start-marker
boot-end-marker
!
enable password 123
!
no aaa new-model
memory-size iomem 5
!
!
ip cef
!
interface FastEthernet0/0
no switchport
ip address 10.1.1.1 255.255.255.252
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
no switchport
ip address 192.168.100.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/2
no switchport
ip address 172.16.10.1 255.255.255.0
!
interface FastEthernet0/3
!
interface FastEthernet0/4
!
interface FastEthernet0/5
!
interface FastEthernet0/6
!
interface FastEthernet0/7
!
interface FastEthernet0/8
!
interface FastEthernet0/9
!
interface FastEthernet0/10
!
interface FastEthernet0/11
!
interface FastEthernet0/12
!
interface FastEthernet0/13
!
interface FastEthernet0/14
!
interface FastEthernet0/15
!
interface Vlan1
no ip address
!
router ospf 10
router-id 1.1.1.1
log-adjacency-changes
network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.3 area 0
network 172.16.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 192.168.100.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
!
ip http server
no ip http secure-server
!
control-plane
!
line con 0
exec-timeout 0 0
line aux 0
line vty 0 4
password 123
login
!
!
end
RA#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
O 172.16.10.0 [110/11] via 10.1.1.1, 02:06:29, Ethernet1/0
O 172.16.1.0 [110/21] via 10.1.1.6, 02:06:29, Ethernet1/1
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 10.1.1.8 [110/20] via 10.1.1.6, 02:06:29, Ethernet1/1
C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet1/0
C 10.1.1.4 is directly connected, Ethernet1/1
O 192.168.100.0/24 [110/11] via 10.1.1.1, 02:06:29, Ethernet1/0
SW#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/2
O 172.16.1.0 [110/22] via 10.1.1.2, 02:09:55, FastEthernet0/0
10.0.0.0/30 is subnetted, 3 subnets
O 10.1.1.8 [110/21] via 10.1.1.2, 02:09:55, FastEthernet0/0
C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 10.1.1.4 [110/11] via 10.1.1.2, 02:09:55, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.100.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
RA#sh policy-map
Policy Map sample-policy1
Class class-a
set dscp ef
Class class-b
set dscp af21
Class class-default
set dscp af13
Policy Map traffic-policing
Class class-voice
police cir 1000000 bc 184000 be 368000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action transmit
Class class-date
police cir 5000000 bc 936000 be 64000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action drop
Class class-other
police cir 3000000 bc 562000 be 64000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action set-dscp-transmit default
violate-action drop
RB#show policy-map
Policy Map traffic-policing
Class class-voice
police cir 1000000 bc 184000 be 368000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action transmit
Class class-date
police cir 5000000 bc 936000 be 64000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action drop
Class class-other
police cir 3000000 bc 562000 be 64000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action set-dscp-transmit default
violate-action drop
RC#sh policy-map
Policy Map traffic-policing
Class class-voice
police cir 1000000 bc 184000 be 368000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action transmit
Class class-date
police cir 5000000 bc 936000 be 64000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action drop
Class class-other
police cir 3000000 bc 562000 be 64000
conform-action transmit
exceed-action set-dscp-transmit default
violate-action drop
测试一：
使用原地址为192.168.100.1，目标地址为172.16.1.10，这是一个语音数据流，进行测试，
SW#ping 172.16.1.10 source 192.168.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.100.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/41/96 ms
SW#ping 172.16.1.10 source 192.168.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.100.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/26/40 ms
SW#ping 172.16.1.10 source 192.168.100.1
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.100.1
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/51/88 ms
在172.16.1.10的Linux主机使用wireshark采集报文，如下图所示。
通过Wireshare可以看到数据包的DSCP值为0x2e，为Expedited Forwarding
测试二：
使用原地址为172.16.10.10主机去访问172.16.1.10的Linux主机的FTP服务，这是一个数据流量，如下图所示。
在172.16.1.10主机上使用wireshark采集数据报文，如下图所示。
通过Wireshare可以看到数据包的DSCP值为0x12，为Assured Forwarding 21.
测试三：
在交换上与远程Linux主机进行通信，这是一个其它数据流，如下所示。
SW#ping 172.16.1.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/43/88 ms
SW#ping 172.16.1.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/42/64 ms
SW#ping 172.16.1.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/33/48 ms
SW#ping 172.16.1.10
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 172.16.1.10, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 20/39/60 ms
在172.16.1.10主机上使用wireshark采集数据报文，如下图所示。
通过Wireshare可以看到数据包的DSCP值为0x0e，为Assured Forwarding 13.
测试四：
在路由器上使用show policy-map interface命令查看接口状态。
RA#sh policy-map interface
Ethernet1/0
Service-policy input: sample-policy1
Class-map: class-a (match-all)
35 packets, 3990 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: access-group 100
QoS Set
dscp ef
Packets marked 35
Class-map: class-b (match-all)
69 packets, 4295 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: access-group 101
QoS Set
dscp af21
Packets marked 69
Class-map: class-default (match-any)
1703 packets, 141652 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: any
QoS Set
dscp af13
Packets marked 1703
Ethernet1/1
Service-policy output: traffic-policing
Class-map: class-voice (match-all)
35 packets, 3990 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp ef (46)
police:
cir 1000000 bps, bc 184000 bytes
conformed 35 packets, 3990 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
transmit
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Class-map: class-date (match-all)
69 packets, 4060 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp af21 (18)
police:
cir 5000000 bps, bc 936000 bytes
conformed 69 packets, 4060 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
drop
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Class-map: class-other (match-all)
959 packets, 71399 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp af13 (14)
police:
cir 3000000 bps, bc 562000 bytes, be 64000 bytes
conformed 959 packets, 71399 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
set-dscp-transmit default
violated 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
drop
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps, violate 0 bps
Class-map: class-default (match-any)
1582 packets, 154344 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: any
RB#sh policy-map interface
Ethernet1/1
Service-policy output: traffic-policing
Class-map: class-voice (match-all)
35 packets, 3990 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp ef (46)
police:
cir 1000000 bps, bc 184000 bytes
conformed 35 packets, 3990 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
transmit
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Class-map: class-date (match-all)
69 packets, 4060 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp af21 (18)
police:
cir 5000000 bps, bc 936000 bytes
conformed 69 packets, 4060 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
drop
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Class-map: class-other (match-all)
959 packets, 71399 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp af13 (14)
police:
cir 3000000 bps, bc 562000 bytes, be 64000 bytes
conformed 959 packets, 71399 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
set-dscp-transmit default
violated 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
drop
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps, violate 0 bps
Class-map: class-default (match-any)
1530 packets, 149363 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: any
RC#sh policy-map interface
FastEthernet0/0
Service-policy output: traffic-policing
Class-map: class-voice (match-all)
25 packets, 2850 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp ef (46)
police:
cir 1000000 bps, bc 184000 bytes
conformed 25 packets, 2850 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
transmit
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Class-map: class-date (match-all)
49 packets, 2927 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp af21 (18)
police:
cir 5000000 bps, bc 936000 bytes
conformed 49 packets, 2927 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
drop
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps
Class-map: class-other (match-all)
882 packets, 66268 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: dscp af13 (14)
police:
cir 3000000 bps, bc 562000 bytes, be 64000 bytes
conformed 882 packets, 66268 bytes; actions:
transmit
exceeded 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
set-dscp-transmit default
violated 0 packets, 0 bytes; actions:
drop
conformed 0 bps, exceed 0 bps, violate 0 bps
Class-map: class-default (match-any)
1589 packets, 150453 bytes
5 minute offered rate 0 bps, drop rate 0 bps
Match: any
烦请各位工程师顺便给我投一票哟，先谢谢各位！
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